scholarly journals Influence of Calcium Phosphate and Apatite Containing Products on Enamel Erosion

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-12 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Kensche ◽  
S. Pötschke ◽  
C. Hannig ◽  
G. Richter ◽  
W. Hoth-Hannig ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oral Cavity ◽  
Oral Exposure ◽  
Ion Release ◽  
Pellicle Formation ◽  
Protective Properties ◽  
Ph Values ◽  
Mineral Components ◽  
Tooth Mousse ◽  
Bovine Enamel

For the purpose of erosion prevention the present study aimed to compare the efficacy of two biomimetic products and a fluoride solution to optimize the protective properties of the pellicle. After 1 min ofin situpellicle formation on bovine enamel slabs, 8 subjects adopted CPP-ACP (GC Tooth Mousse), a mouthwash with hydroxyapatite microclusters (Biorepair), or a fluoride based mouthwash (elmex Kariesschutz) for 1 min each. Afterwards, samples were exposed in the oral cavity for 28 min. Native enamel slabs and slabs exposed to the oral cavity for 30 min without any rinse served as controls. After oral exposure, slabs were incubated in HCl (pH values 2, 2.3, and 3) for 120 s and kinetics of calcium and phosphate release were measured photometrically; representative samples were evaluated by SEM and TEM. The physiological pellicle reduced demineralization at all pH values; the protective effect was enhanced by fluoride. The biomimetic materials also reduced ion release but their effect was less pronounced. SEM indicated no layer formation after use of the different products. However, TEM confirmed the potential accumulation of mineral components at the pellicle surface. The tested products improve the protective properties of thein situpellicle but not as effectively as fluorides.

scholarly journals Effect of Tannic Acid on the Protective Properties of the in situ Formed Pellicle

2016 ◽  
Vol 51 (1) ◽  
pp. 34-45 ◽  
Author(s):  
Susann Hertel ◽  
Sandra Pötschke ◽  
Sabine Basche ◽  
Judith Delius ◽  
Wiebke Hoth-Hannig ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tannic Acid ◽  
Ex Vivo ◽  
Oral Exposure ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Pellicle Formation ◽  
Protective Properties ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Bovine Enamel ◽  
The Impact

Objectives: In the present in situ/ex vivo study the impact of tannic acid on the erosion-protective properties of the enamel pellicle was tested. Additionally, the antiadherent and antibacterial effects of tannic acid were evaluated. Methods: The pellicle was formed in situ on bovine enamel samples fixed on individual splints worn by 6 subjects. Following 1 min of pellicle formation the volunteers rinsed for 10 min with tannic acid. After further oral exposure for 19 min, 109 min, and 8 h overnight, respectively, slabs were incubated in HCl ex vivo (pH 2.0, 2.3, 3.0) over 120 s. Subsequently, kinetics of calcium and phosphate release were measured photometrically. Samples after a 1-min fluoride mouth rinse as well as enamel samples with and without a 30-min in situ pellicle served as controls. Antiadherent effects were evaluated after a 1-min rinse with tannic acid and oral exposure of the slabs overnight. DAPI (4′,6-diamidino-2-phenylindole) combined with concanavalin A staining and live/dead staining was used for fluorescence microscopic visualization and quantification of adherent bacteria and glucans. Modification of the pellicle's ultrastructure by tannic acid was evaluated by transmission electron microscopy (TEM). Results: Tannic acid significantly improved the erosion-protective properties of the pellicle in a pH-dependent manner. Bacterial adherence and glucan formation on enamel were significantly reduced after rinses with tannic acid as investigated by fluorescence microscopy. TEM imaging indicated that rinsing with tannic acid yielded a sustainable modification of the pellicle; it was distinctly more electron dense. Conclusion: Tannic acid offers an effective and sustainable approach for the prevention of caries and erosion.

scholarly journals Effect of CPP/ACP on Initial Bioadhesion to Enamel and DentinIn Situ

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Susann Grychtol ◽  
Sabine Basche ◽  
Matthias Hannig ◽  
Christian Hannig
Keyword(s):  
Streptococcus Mutans ◽  
Bacterial Colonization ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Pellicle Formation ◽  
Dental Hard Tissues ◽  
Tooth Mousse ◽  
Negative Controls ◽  
Bovine Enamel

The presentin situstudy investigated the influence of a preparation containing CPP/ACP (caseinphosphopeptide-amorphous calcium phosphate) (GC Tooth mousse) on initial bacterial colonization of enamel and dentin. Therefore, pellicle formation was performedin situon bovine enamel and dentin specimens fixed to individual upper jaw splints worn by 8 subjects. After 1 min of pellicle formation GC Tooth mousse was used according to manufacturer’s recommendations. Rinses with chlorhexidine served as positive controls. Specimens carried without any rinse served as negative controls. After 8 h overnight exposure of the splints, bacterial colonization was quantified by fluorescence microscopy (DAPI and BacLight live/dead staining). Additionally, the colony forming units (CFU) were determined after desorption. Furthermore, the effects onStreptococcus mutansbacteria were testedin vitro(BacLight). There was no significant impact of CPP/ACP on initial bacterial colonization proved with DAPI and BacLight. Determination of CFU showed statistical significance for CPP/ACP to reduce bacterial adherence on enamel. Thein vitroinvestigation indicated no antimicrobial effects for CPP/ACP onStreptococcus mutanssuspension. Under the chosen conditions, CPP/ACP (GC Tooth mousse) had no significant impact on initial biofilm formation on dental hard tissues. The tested preparation cannot be recommended for biofilm management.

scholarly journals Enzymology and Ultrastructure of the in situ Pellicle in Caries-Active and Caries-Inactive Patients

2017 ◽  
Vol 51 (2) ◽  
pp. 109-118 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jasmin Kirsch ◽  
Christian Hannig ◽  
Sandra Pötschke ◽  
Sabine Basche ◽  
William H. Bowen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Exposure Time ◽  
Enzyme Activities ◽  
Fluorescence Labeling ◽  
Oral Exposure ◽  
Pellicle Formation ◽  
Caries Activity ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
High Uniformity ◽  
The Impact

Aim: The present study aimed to evaluate the impact of caries activity on the key enzymes and the ultrastructure of the in situ pellicle. Methods: Pellicle formation was performed on bovine enamel slabs. Intraoral exposure (3, 30, and 120 min) was accomplished by 14 caries-active (DMFS: 22.7 ± 12.1) and 13 caries-inactive (DMFS: 1.5 ± 1.8) individuals. The enzyme activities (lysozyme, peroxidase, α-amylase, glycosyltransferase [GTF]) in the in situ pellicle and resting saliva of all participants were analyzed directly after oral exposure. In addition, a simultaneous visualization of these enzymes, extracellular glucans, and adherent bacteria was carried out. Fluorescent patterns were analyzed with fluorescence labeling and 4′,6-diamidino-2-phenylindole/concanavalin A staining. In addition, the distribution of GTF B, C, and D and the ultrastructure of the pellicle were examined by gold immunolabeling and transmission electron microscopy with selected samples. Results: Enzyme activities of amylase, peroxidase, lysozyme, and GTF were detected on all enamel slabs in an active conformation. Neither exposure time nor caries activity had an impact on the enzyme activities. Gold immunolabeling indicated that the pellicle of caries-active subjects tends to more GTF D molecules. The pellicles of caries-inactive and -active individuals revealed a similar ultrastructural pattern. Conclusion: The enzyme activities as well as the pellicle's ultrastructure are of high similarity in caries-active and -inactive subjects. Thereby, oral exposure time has no significant influence. This reflects a high uniformity during the initial phase of bioadhesion (3-120 min) concerning enzymatic functions. However, there is a tendency towards more GTF D in caries-active individuals.

Remineralizing Potential of a Low Fluoride Toothpaste with Sodium Trimetaphosphate: An in situ Study

2016 ◽  
Vol 50 (6) ◽  
pp. 571-578 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eliana M. Takeshita ◽  
Marcelle Danelon ◽  
Luciene P. Castro ◽  
Robson F. Cunha ◽  
Alberto C. B. Delbem
Keyword(s):  
Oral Cavity ◽  
Repeated Measures ◽  
Surface Hardness ◽  
Repeated Measures Anova ◽  
Treatment Groups ◽  
Fluoride Toothpaste ◽  
Sodium Trimetaphosphate ◽  
In Situ Study ◽  
Bovine Enamel

Objective: To evaluate the effect of a low-fluoride (F) toothpaste supplemented with sodium trimetaphosphate (TMP) on enamel remineralization in situ. Design: Bovine enamel blocks were selected on the basis of their surface hardness (SH) after caries-like lesions had been induced, and randomly divided into 4 treatment groups, according to the toothpastes used: without F or TMP (placebo); 500 ppm F; 500 ppm F plus 1% TMP; and 1,100 ppm F. The study design was blinded and crossover and performed in 4 phases of 3 days each. Eleven subjects used palatal appliances containing 4 bovine enamel blocks which were treated 3 times per day during 1 min each time, with natural slurries of saliva and toothpaste formed in the oral cavity during toothbrushing. After each phase, the percentages of surface (%SHR) and subsurface hardness recovery (%ΔKHNR) were calculated. F, calcium (Ca), and phosphorus (Pi) contents in enamel were also determined. Data were analyzed by 1-way, repeated-measures ANOVA, followed by the Student-Newman-Keuls test (p < 0.05). Results: Toothpaste with 500 ppm F + TMP and 1,100 ppm F showed similar %SHR and %ΔKHNR as well as enamel F, Ca, and Pi concentrations. Conclusion: The addition of TMP to a low-fluoride toothpaste promoted a similar remineralizing capacity to that of a standard (1,100 ppm F) toothpaste in situ.

scholarly journals Application of Plant Extracts for the Prevention of Dental Erosion: An in situ/in vitro Study

2015 ◽  
Vol 49 (5) ◽  
pp. 477-487 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marie-Theres Weber ◽  
Matthias Hannig ◽  
Sandra Pötschke ◽  
Franziska Höhne ◽  
Christian Hannig
Keyword(s):  
Plant Extracts ◽  
Dental Erosion ◽  
Oral Exposure ◽  
Wild Form ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Mouth Rinse ◽  
Protective Properties ◽  
The Impact

Objectives: Antiadherent and antibacterial effects of certain plant extracts have been proven to be beneficial in preventive dentistry. In the present in situ/in vitro crossover study, the impact of plant extracts rich in polyphenols on the erosion-protective properties of the in situ pellicle was evaluated. Methods: Individual splints were prepared for 12 subjects for intraoral exposure of bovine enamel specimens. Following formation of a 1-min pellicle, watery plant extracts (leaves of the wild form of Ribes nigrum, the wild form of Origanum as well as a combination of both) were administered for 10 min in situ. Alternatively, a mouth rinse with fluorides (Elmex Kariesschutz) was performed for 1 min. After further oral exposure for 19/28 min, respectively, slabs were removed and incubated with HCl in vitro over 120 s (pH 2, 2.3, 3). The resulting calcium and phosphate release was quantified photometrically. Slabs with and without a 30-min in situ pellicle served as controls. The modification of pellicle ultrastructure was evaluated by transmission electron microscopy (TEM). Results: Plant extracts modulated the erosion-protective properties of the native in situ pellicle in all test groups in a pH-dependent manner. The combination of R. nigrum leaves and Origanum enhanced the protective properties of the pellicle at all pH values; the administration of this preparation was comparable, yet superior, to the effect of the fluoridated mouth rinse. TEM images indicated that rinsing with R. nigrum leaves/Origanum yielded a distinctly thicker and more electron-dense pellicle. Conclusion: The combination of certain plant extracts offers a novel approach to the complementary prevention of dental erosion.

scholarly journals Modification of the Lipid Profile of the Initial Oral Biofilm In Situ Using Linseed Oil as Mouthwash

Nutrients ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 989
Author(s):  
Anna Kensche ◽  
Marco Reich ◽  
Christian Hannig ◽  
Klaus Kümmerer ◽  
Matthias Hannig
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Linolenic Acid ◽  
Impact Ionization ◽  
Linseed Oil ◽  
Lipid Vesicles ◽  
Oral Exposure ◽  
Ionization Mass ◽  
Pellicle Formation ◽  
Fatty Acid Accumulation

Lipids are of interest for the targeted modification of oral bioadhesion processes. Therefore, the sustainable effects of linseed oil on the composition and ultrastructure of the in situ pellicle were investigated. Unlike saliva, linseed oil contains linolenic acid (18:3), which served as a marker for lipid accumulation. Individual splints with bovine enamel slabs were worn by five subjects. After 1 min of pellicle formation, rinses were performed with linseed oil for 10 min, and the slabs’ oral exposure was continued for up to 2 or 8 h. Gas chromatography coupled with electron impact ionization mass spectrometry (GC-EI/MS) was used to characterize the fatty acid composition of the pellicle samples. Transmission electron microscopy was performed to analyze the ultrastructure. Extensive accumulation of linolenic acid was recorded in the samples of all subjects 2 h after the rinse and considerable amounts persisted after 8 h. The ultrastructure of the 2 h pellicle was less electron-dense and contained lipid vesicles when compared with controls. After 8 h, no apparent ultrastructural effects were visible. Linolenic acid is an excellent marker for the investigation of fatty acid accumulation in the pellicle. New preventive strategies could benefit from the accumulation of lipid components in the pellicle.

scholarly journals Impact of the springtail's cuticle nanotopography on bioadhesion and biofilm formation in vitro and in the oral cavity

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (7) ◽  
pp. 171742 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christian Hannig ◽  
Ralf Helbig ◽  
Julia Hilsenbeck ◽  
Carsten Werner ◽  
Matthias Hannig
Keyword(s):  
Oral Cavity ◽  
Bacterial Colonization ◽  
Protein Solutions ◽  
Pellicle Formation ◽  
Oral Environment ◽  
Adsorbed Proteins ◽  
First Time ◽  
Cuticular Structures

Springtails (Collembola) have a nanostructured cuticle. To evaluate and to understand anti-biofouling properties of springtail cuticles’ morphology under different conditions, springtails, shed cuticles and cuticle replicates were studied after incubation with protein solutions and bacterial cultures using common in vitro models. In a second step, they were exposed to human oral environment in situ in order to explore potential application in dentistry. In vitro , the cuticular structures were found to resist wetting by albumin solutions for up to 3 h and colonization by Staphylococcus epidermidis was inhibited. When exposed in the oral cavity, initial pellicle formation was of high heterogeneity: parts of the surface were coated by adsorbed proteins, others remained uncoated but exhibited locally attached, ‘bridging’, proteinaceous membranes spanning across cavities of the cuticle surface; this unique phenomenon was observed for the first time. Also the degree of bacterial colonization varied considerably. In conclusion, the springtail cuticle partially modulates bioadhesion in the oral cavity in a unique and specific manner, but it has no universal effect. Especially after longer exposure, the nanotextured surface of springtails is masked by the pellicle, resulting in subsequent bacterial colonization, and, thus, cannot effectively avoid bioadhesion in the oral cavity comprehensively. Nevertheless, the observed phenomena offer valuable information and new perspectives for the development of antifouling surfaces applicable in the oral cavity.

scholarly journals Influence of pure fluorides and stannous ions on the initial bacterial colonization in situ

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jasmin Kirsch ◽  
Matthias Hannig ◽  
Pia Winkel ◽  
Sabine Basche ◽  
Birgit Leis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Study ◽  
Fluorescence Microscopy ◽  
Bacterial Adhesion ◽  
Stannous Chloride ◽  
Bacterial Colonization ◽  
Fluoride Concentration ◽  
Pellicle Formation ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Bovine Enamel

AbstractThe present clinical-experimental study aims to examine the effect of pure experimental fluoride solutions and stannous chloride on the initial oral bioadhesion under in situ conditions. After 1 min of pellicle formation on bovine enamel slabs, 12 subjects rinsed with 8 ml of the fluoride test solutions (NaF, Na2PO3F, AmF, SnF2,) with 500 ppm fluoride concentration each for 1 min. Additionally, rinsing without a solution (control) and rinsing with 1563 ppm SnCl2 solution took place for 1 min. Afterwards, fluorescence microscopy took place to visualize bacterial adhesion and glucan formation (8 h oral exposition) with DAPI and ConA and the BacLight method. TEM was performed to visualize the pellicle ultrastructure together with EDX to detect stannous ions. The rinsing solutions with pure SnF2 and SnCl2 reduced significantly the initial bacterial colonization (DAPI). While, NaF and Na2PO3F showed no significant effect compared to the control. There was no significant difference between AmF, SnF2 and SnCl2. All tested experimental solutions showed no reducing effect on the glucan formation. Considerable alterations of the pellicle ultrastructure resulted from rinsing with the Sn-containing solutions. SnF2 appears to be the most effective type of fluoride to reduce initial bacterial colonization in situ. The observed effects primarily have to be attributed to the stannous ions’ content.

scholarly journals Investigating ion release using inline ICP during in situ scratch testing of an Mg-Li(-Al-Y-Zr) alloy

2019 ◽  
Vol 99 ◽  
pp. 46-50 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuanming Yan ◽  
Peng Zhou ◽  
Oumaïma Gharbi ◽  
Zhuoran Zeng ◽  
Xiaobo Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Scratch Testing ◽  
Ion Release ◽  
Zr Alloy

Effect of Inula viscosa on the pellicle’s protective properties and initial bioadhesion in-situ

2016 ◽  
Vol 71 ◽  
pp. 87-96 ◽  
Author(s):  
Susann Hertel ◽  
Leif Graffy ◽  
Sandra Pötschke ◽  
Sabine Basche ◽  
Ali Al-Ahmad ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Protective Properties
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