scholarly journals In VivoInvestigation of ALBO-OS Scaffold Based on Hydroxyapatite and PLGA

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vukoman Jokanović ◽  
Božana Čolović ◽  
Dejan Marković ◽  
Milan Petrović ◽  
Milan Jokanović ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bone Substitute ◽  
Immunological Response ◽  
Calcium Hydroxyapatite ◽  
Morphological Properties ◽  
Micro Computed Tomography ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Dental Surgery ◽  
Synthetic Bone ◽  
Synthetic Bone Substitute

A synthetic bone substitute based on calcium hydroxyapatite (CHA) and poly(lactic-co-glycolic) acid (PLGA), described in this paper, was synthesized to fulfill specific requirements like biodegradability, satisfying mechanical properties, optimal porosity and nanotopology, osteoinductive and osteoconductive properties, and so forth. Structural and morphological properties of the new scaffold were analyzed by micro computed tomography and scanning electron microscopy, while its physicochemical properties were investigated by X-ray diffraction and infrared spectroscopy.In vivobiological investigations of the synthesized scaffold were conducted over the cutaneous irritation and biofunctionality assays on rabbits and the test of acute systemic toxicity on mice. The results showed that the scaffold is not irritant and that it does not exhibit any symptoms of acute toxicity. Biofunctionality assays which include evaluation of the presence of various cells of immune response, the presence of neoangiogenesis, percentage of mineralization of newly formed bone, and fibroplasia in the tissue indicated that the new scaffold is suitable for the application in maxillofacial and dental surgery as a bone substitute. Also, it showed significant advantages over commercial product Geistlich Bio-Oss® from the aspect of some parameters of immunological response.

In Vivo Behavior of a Custom-Made 3D Synthetic Bone Substitute in Sinus Augmentation Procedures in Sheep

2015 ◽  
Vol 41 (3) ◽  
pp. 240-250 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carlo Mangano ◽  
Barbara Barboni ◽  
Luca Valbonetti ◽  
Paolo Berardinelli ◽  
Alessandra Martelli ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bone Substitute ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Sinus Augmentation ◽  
Synthetic Bone ◽  
Synthetic Bone Substitute ◽  
Sinus Cavity ◽  
Custom Made

In this study, the in vivo behavior of a custom-made three-dimensional (3D) synthetic bone substitute was evaluated when used as scaffold for sinus augmentation procedures in an animal model. The scaffold was a calcium phosphate ceramic fabricated by the direct rapid prototyping technique, dispense-plotting. The geometrical and chemical properties of the scaffold were first analyzed through light and electron scanning microscopes, helium picnometer, and semi-quantitative X-ray diffraction measurements. Then, 6 sheep underwent monolateral sinus augmentation with the fabricated scaffolds. The animals were euthanized after healing periods of 45 and 90 days, and block sections including the grafted area were obtained. Bone samples were subjected to micro computerized tomography, morphological and histomorphometric analyses. A complete integration of the scaffold was reported, with abundant deposition of newly formed bone tissue within the biomaterial pores. Moreover, initial foci of bone remodeling were mainly localized at the periphery of the implanted area after 45 days, while continuous bridges of mature lamellar bone were recorded in 90-day specimens. This evidence supports the hypothesis that bone regeneration proceeds from the periphery to the center of the sinus cavity. These results showed how a technique allowing control of porosity, pore design, and external shape of a ceramic bone substitute may be valuable for producing synthetic bone grafts with good clinical performances.

In Vitro and In Vivo Osteoinductive and Osteoconductive Properties of a Synthetic Bone Substitute

2013 ◽  
Vol 28 (6) ◽  
pp. e432-e439 ◽  
Author(s):  
Enrico Conserva ◽  
Federico Foschi ◽  
Ranieri Cancedda ◽  
Maddalena Mastrogiacomo
Keyword(s):  
Bone Substitute ◽  
Synthetic Bone ◽  
Synthetic Bone Substitute

Nanostructured Bone Grafting Substitutes Versus Autologous Cancellous Bone – An Animal Experiment in Sheep

2014 ◽  
Vol 631 ◽  
pp. 202-206
Author(s):  
Thomas Gerber ◽  
Cornelia Ganz ◽  
Werner Götz ◽  
Kai Helms ◽  
Christoph Harms ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bone Substitute ◽  
Animal Experiment ◽  
Giant Cells ◽  
Multinucleated Giant Cells ◽  
Synthetic Bone ◽  
Synthetic Bone Substitute ◽  
Hematoxylin And Eosin ◽  
The Right ◽  
Resorptive Activity

In an In vivo study the full synthetic bone substitute NanoBone® S (NBS) was analyzed using a standardized bone defect (6 x 12 x 24mm) model in the ovine tibial metaphysis. The defect on the left side was filled with NBS granules and on the right side, autologous bone, harvested from the hip of the same animal, was inserted. After six, 12 and 26 weeks sheep were sacrificed and the tibiae analyzed. Quantitative histomorphological analysis after six weeks showed a resorption of biomaterial from over 60 to 24 percent. In contrast the bone formation after 6, and 12 weeks revealed an osteoneogenesis of 19%, and 34%, respectively. Hematoxylin and eosin sections demonstrated multinucleated giant cells on the surface of the biomaterial and resorption lacunae, indicating osteoclastic resorptive activity.

scholarly journals Regeneration of critical-sized defects, in a goat model, using a dextrin-based hydrogel associated with granular synthetic bone substitute

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Isabel Pereira ◽  
José Eduardo Pereira ◽  
Luís Maltez ◽  
Alexandra Rodrigues ◽  
Catarina Rodrigues ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bone Regeneration ◽  
Bone Substitute ◽  
Bone Substitutes ◽  
Multipotent Mesenchymal Stromal Cells ◽  
Micro Computed Tomography ◽  
Synthetic Bone Substitute ◽  
In Situ Forming ◽  
Bioactive Agents ◽  
In Situ Forming Hydrogels

Abstract The development of injectable bone substitutes (IBS) have obtained great importance in the bone regeneration field, as a strategy to reach hardly accessible defects using minimally invasive techniques and able to fit to irregular topographies. In this scenario, the association of injectable hydrogels and bone graft granules is emerging as a well-established trend. Particularly, in situ forming hydrogels have arisen as a new IBS generation. An in situ forming and injectable dextrin-based hydrogel (HG) was developed, aiming to act as a carrier of granular bone substitutes and bioactive agents. In this work, the HG was associated to a granular bone substitute (Bonelike®) and implanted in goat critical-sized calvarial defects (14 mm) for 3, 6 and 12 weeks. The results showed that HG improved the handling properties of the Bonelike® granules and did not affect its osteoconductive features, neither impairing the bone regeneration process. Human multipotent mesenchymal stromal cells from the umbilical cord, extracellular matrix hydrolysates and the pro-angiogenic peptide LLKKK18 were also combined with the IBS. These bioactive agents did not enhance the new bone formation significantly under the conditions tested, according to micro-computed tomography and histological analysis.

scholarly journals Supplementation with 45S5 Bioactive Glass Reduces In Vivo Resorption of the β-Tricalcium-Phosphate-Based Bone Substitute Material Vitoss

2019 ◽  
Vol 20 (17) ◽  
pp. 4253 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fabian Westhauser ◽  
Christopher Essers ◽  
Maria Karadjian ◽  
Bruno Reible ◽  
Gerhard Schmidmaier ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bioactive Glass ◽  
Tricalcium Phosphate ◽  
Bone Substitute ◽  
Degradation Kinetics ◽  
Bone Substitutes ◽  
Micro Computed Tomography ◽  
Immunodeficient Mice ◽  
Bone Substitute Materials ◽  
Osseous Regeneration

Compared to other materials such as 45S5 bioactive glass (BG), β-tricalcium phosphate (β-TCP)-based bone substitutes such as Vitoss show limited material-driven stimulation of osteogenesis and/or angiogenesis. The unfavorable degradation kinetics of β-TCP-based bone substitutes may result in an imbalance between resorption and osseous regeneration. Composite materials like Vitoss BA (Vitoss supplemented with 20 wt % 45S5-BG particles) might help to overcome these limitations. However, the influence of BG particles in Vitoss BA compared to unsupplemented Vitoss on osteogenesis, resorption behavior, and angiogenesis is not yet described. In this study, Vitoss and Vitoss BA scaffolds were seeded with human mesenchymal stromal cells before subcutaneous implantation in immunodeficient mice for 10 weeks. Scaffold resorption was monitored by micro-computed tomography, while osteoid formation and vascularization were assessed by histomorphometry and gene expression analysis. Whilst slightly more osteoid and improved angiogenesis were found in Vitoss BA, maturation of the osteoid was more advanced in Vitoss scaffolds. The volume of Vitoss implants decreased significantly, combined with a significantly increased presence of resorbing cells, whilst the volume remained stable in Vitoss BA scaffolds. Future studies should evaluate the interaction of 45S5-BG with resorbing cells and bone precursor cells in greater detail to improve the understanding and application of β-TCP/45S5-BG composite bone substitute materials.

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