In Vitro and In Vivo Osteoinductive and Osteoconductive Properties of a Synthetic Bone Substitute

2013 ◽  
Vol 28 (6) ◽  
pp. e432-e439 ◽  
Author(s):  
Enrico Conserva ◽  
Federico Foschi ◽  
Ranieri Cancedda ◽  
Maddalena Mastrogiacomo
Keyword(s):  
Bone Substitute ◽  
Synthetic Bone ◽  
Synthetic Bone Substitute

In Vivo Behavior of a Custom-Made 3D Synthetic Bone Substitute in Sinus Augmentation Procedures in Sheep

2015 ◽  
Vol 41 (3) ◽  
pp. 240-250 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carlo Mangano ◽  
Barbara Barboni ◽  
Luca Valbonetti ◽  
Paolo Berardinelli ◽  
Alessandra Martelli ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bone Substitute ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Sinus Augmentation ◽  
Synthetic Bone ◽  
Synthetic Bone Substitute ◽  
Sinus Cavity ◽  
Custom Made

In this study, the in vivo behavior of a custom-made three-dimensional (3D) synthetic bone substitute was evaluated when used as scaffold for sinus augmentation procedures in an animal model. The scaffold was a calcium phosphate ceramic fabricated by the direct rapid prototyping technique, dispense-plotting. The geometrical and chemical properties of the scaffold were first analyzed through light and electron scanning microscopes, helium picnometer, and semi-quantitative X-ray diffraction measurements. Then, 6 sheep underwent monolateral sinus augmentation with the fabricated scaffolds. The animals were euthanized after healing periods of 45 and 90 days, and block sections including the grafted area were obtained. Bone samples were subjected to micro computerized tomography, morphological and histomorphometric analyses. A complete integration of the scaffold was reported, with abundant deposition of newly formed bone tissue within the biomaterial pores. Moreover, initial foci of bone remodeling were mainly localized at the periphery of the implanted area after 45 days, while continuous bridges of mature lamellar bone were recorded in 90-day specimens. This evidence supports the hypothesis that bone regeneration proceeds from the periphery to the center of the sinus cavity. These results showed how a technique allowing control of porosity, pore design, and external shape of a ceramic bone substitute may be valuable for producing synthetic bone grafts with good clinical performances.

scholarly journals In VivoInvestigation of ALBO-OS Scaffold Based on Hydroxyapatite and PLGA

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vukoman Jokanović ◽  
Božana Čolović ◽  
Dejan Marković ◽  
Milan Petrović ◽  
Milan Jokanović ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bone Substitute ◽  
Immunological Response ◽  
Calcium Hydroxyapatite ◽  
Morphological Properties ◽  
Micro Computed Tomography ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Dental Surgery ◽  
Synthetic Bone ◽  
Synthetic Bone Substitute

A synthetic bone substitute based on calcium hydroxyapatite (CHA) and poly(lactic-co-glycolic) acid (PLGA), described in this paper, was synthesized to fulfill specific requirements like biodegradability, satisfying mechanical properties, optimal porosity and nanotopology, osteoinductive and osteoconductive properties, and so forth. Structural and morphological properties of the new scaffold were analyzed by micro computed tomography and scanning electron microscopy, while its physicochemical properties were investigated by X-ray diffraction and infrared spectroscopy.In vivobiological investigations of the synthesized scaffold were conducted over the cutaneous irritation and biofunctionality assays on rabbits and the test of acute systemic toxicity on mice. The results showed that the scaffold is not irritant and that it does not exhibit any symptoms of acute toxicity. Biofunctionality assays which include evaluation of the presence of various cells of immune response, the presence of neoangiogenesis, percentage of mineralization of newly formed bone, and fibroplasia in the tissue indicated that the new scaffold is suitable for the application in maxillofacial and dental surgery as a bone substitute. Also, it showed significant advantages over commercial product Geistlich Bio-Oss® from the aspect of some parameters of immunological response.

Nanostructured Bone Grafting Substitutes Versus Autologous Cancellous Bone – An Animal Experiment in Sheep

2014 ◽  
Vol 631 ◽  
pp. 202-206
Author(s):  
Thomas Gerber ◽  
Cornelia Ganz ◽  
Werner Götz ◽  
Kai Helms ◽  
Christoph Harms ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bone Substitute ◽  
Animal Experiment ◽  
Giant Cells ◽  
Multinucleated Giant Cells ◽  
Synthetic Bone ◽  
Synthetic Bone Substitute ◽  
Hematoxylin And Eosin ◽  
The Right ◽  
Resorptive Activity

In an In vivo study the full synthetic bone substitute NanoBone® S (NBS) was analyzed using a standardized bone defect (6 x 12 x 24mm) model in the ovine tibial metaphysis. The defect on the left side was filled with NBS granules and on the right side, autologous bone, harvested from the hip of the same animal, was inserted. After six, 12 and 26 weeks sheep were sacrificed and the tibiae analyzed. Quantitative histomorphological analysis after six weeks showed a resorption of biomaterial from over 60 to 24 percent. In contrast the bone formation after 6, and 12 weeks revealed an osteoneogenesis of 19%, and 34%, respectively. Hematoxylin and eosin sections demonstrated multinucleated giant cells on the surface of the biomaterial and resorption lacunae, indicating osteoclastic resorptive activity.

Osteogenic Potential Using a Malleable, Biodegradable Composite Added Traditional Chinese Medicine: in vitro and in vivo Evaluations

2006 ◽  
Vol 34 (05) ◽  
pp. 873-886 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chun-Hsu Yao ◽  
Bai-Shuan Liu ◽  
Chau-Guey Liu ◽  
Yueh-Sheng Chen
Keyword(s):  
Bone Substitute ◽  
Bone Growth ◽  
In Vitro Study ◽  
Osteogenic Potential ◽  
Calvarial Bone ◽  
Large Defect ◽  
Biodegradable Composite ◽  
Calvarial Bone Defect

The purpose of this investigation was to prepare and evaluate the feasibility and biocompatibility of a new composite as a large defect bone substitute. The new GTGG was mainly composed of tricalcium phosphate ceramic particles and glutaraldehyde crosslinked gelatin in which Gui-Lu-Jiao was added (a mixture of Cervi Colla Cornus and Colla Plastri Testudinis). In the in vitro study, rat's calvaria osteoblasts were used to study bone characteristics upon exposure to different concentrations of the Gui-Lu-Jiao solution. In the in vivo study, GTGG composites were implanted into the defects of calvarial bones in mature New Zealand rabbits to test their osteogenerative characteristics. As a result, we found that Gui-Lu-Jiao added to the culture could promote the proliferation of osteoblasts. In addition, GTGG could induce a large amount of new bone growth in the rabbit's calvarial bone defect. Therefore, the GTGG composite might be a potential bone substitute.

scholarly journals The Effects of Atmospheric Pressure Argon Plasma Treated Bovine Bone Substitute on Bone Regeneration

Coatings ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (12) ◽  
pp. 790
Author(s):  
Jong-Ju Ahn ◽  
Ji-Hyun Yoo ◽  
Eun-Bin Bae ◽  
Gyoo-Cheon Kim ◽  
Jae Joon Hwang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bone Regeneration ◽  
Atmospheric Pressure ◽  
Bone Substitute ◽  
Argon Plasma ◽  
Atmospheric Pressure Plasma ◽  
Regeneration Ability ◽  
Bovine Bone ◽  
Significant Difference

This study was undertaken to compare new bone formation between non-expired and expired bovine-derived xenogeneic bone substitute (expired, out-of-use period) and to evaluate the efficacy of argon (Ar)-based atmospheric pressure plasma (APP) treatment on expired bone substitute in rat calvarial defect. The groups were divided into (1) Non/Expired group (Using regular xenografts), (2) Expired group (Using expired xenografts), and (3) Ar/Expired group (Using Ar-based APP treated expired xenografts). Surface observation and cell experiments were performed in vitro. Twelve rats were used for in vivo experiment and the bony defects were created on the middle of the cranium. The bone substitute of each group was implanted into the defective site. After 4 weeks, all the rats were sacrificed, and the volumetric, histologic, and histometric analyses were performed. In the results of osteogenic differentiation and mineralization, Non/Expired and Ar/Expired groups were significantly higher than Expired group (p < 0.05). However, there was no significant difference between groups in the animal study (p > 0.05). Within the limitations of this study, the surface treatment of Ar-based APP has a potential effect on the surface modification of bone grafts. However, there was no significant difference in bone regeneration ability between groups in vivo; thus, studies on APP to enhance bone regeneration should be carried out in the future.

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