scholarly journals Carotid Intima Media Thickness in Nondiabetic Hypertensive Nigerians: Role of Fasting and Postprandial Blood Glucose

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-4
Author(s):  
B. N. Okeahialam ◽  
S. A. Muoneme ◽  
H. O. Kolade-Yunusa
Keyword(s):  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Fasting Blood Glucose ◽  
Intima Media Thickness ◽  
Threshold Level ◽  
Carotid Intima Media Thickness ◽  
Postprandial Blood Glucose ◽  
Atherosclerotic Vascular Disease ◽  
Media Thickness ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Post Hoc

Background/Aims. Carotid intima media thickness (CIMT) tracks atherosclerotic vascular disease. Hypertension and diabetes chiefly contribute to atherosclerosis with 75% of symptomatic cardiovascular disease cases having dysglycaemia even in normal cases. Hypothesising that postprandial hyperglycaemia contributes to cardiovascular morbidity, we sought to determine if any relationship existed between glycaemic profile in nondiabetic hypertensives and atherosclerosis.Methods. In a study of CIMT in nondiabetic, statin-naïve hypertensives, we evaluated fasting blood glucose (FBG) and 2-hour postprandial sugar (2hPPBG) in the patients and compared them with the CIMT. CIMT was measured on both sides, 1 cm proximal to the carotid bulb using a 7.5 mHz transducer of ALOKA SSD-3500 ultrasound machine.Results. The subjects with complete data were 86 (63 F). The mean (SD) of CIMT was 0.89 (0.15) mm, FBG 4.8 (0.097) mmol/L, and 2hPPBG 6.5 (1.81) mmol/L. There was no significant correlation between FBG and 2hPPBG with CIMT. Blood pressure had no bearing on this. When blood glucose data were divided into quartiles and post hoc multiple comparison was done, there was significant difference in CIMT for the different ranges. This was not so for 2hPPBG.Conclusion. Though expected from other studies, we did not show any significant correlation between FBG and 2hPPBG status and CIMT. This may be our pattern as the degree of excursion of 2hPPBG was low. There may be a threshold level above which PPBG starts to impact CIMT.

scholarly journals Sitagliptin on carotid intima-media thickness in type 2 diabetes and hyperuricemia patients: a subgroup analysis of the PROLOGUE study

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
pp. 204062232110269
Author(s):  
Yipin Zhao ◽  
Huawei Wang ◽  
Dazhi Ke ◽  
Wei Deng ◽  
Yingying Ji ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Carotid Artery ◽  
Conventional Therapy ◽  
Therapy Group ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Intima Media Thickness ◽  
Carotid Intima Media Thickness ◽  
Media Thickness ◽  
Significant Difference

Background and Aims: Studies have shown that dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DDP-4) inhibitors have anti-atherosclerotic effects. However, in the PROLOGUE study, sitagliptin failed to slow the progression of carotid intima-media thickness (CIMT) relative to conventional therapy. We conducted a post hoc analysis of the PROLOGUE study and compared the effects of sitagliptin and conventional therapy on changes in CIMT in subgroups with or without hyperuricemia. Methods: The PROLOGUE study was a randomized controlled trial of 442 patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Patients were randomized to receive sitagliptin added therapy or conventional therapy. Based on the serum uric acid levels of all study populations in the PROLOGUE study, we divided them into hyperuricemia subgroup ( n = 104) and non-hyperuricemia subgroup ( n = 331). The primary outcome was changed in carotid intima-media thickness (CIMT) parameters compared with baseline during the 24 months treatment period. Results: In the hyperuricemia subgroup, compared with the conventional therapy group, the changes in the mean internal carotid artery (ICA)-IMT and max ICA-IMT at 24 months were significantly lower in the sitagliptin group [−0.233 mm, 95% confidence interval (CI) (−0.419 to 0.046), p = 0.015 and −0.325 mm, 95% CI (−0.583 to −0.068), p = 0.014], although there was no significant difference in the common carotid artery CIMT. Conclusion: The results of our analysis indicated that sitagliptin attenuated the progression of CIMT than conventional therapy in T2DM and hyperuricemia patients.

scholarly journals Chronic Mild Hyperglycemia in GCK-MODY Patients Does Not Increase Carotid Intima-Media Thickness

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-5 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stepanka Pruhova ◽  
Petra Dusatkova ◽  
Pavel J. Kraml ◽  
Michal Kulich ◽  
Zdena Prochazkova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fasting Blood Glucose ◽  
Intima Media Thickness ◽  
Carotid Intima Media Thickness ◽  
Macrovascular Complications ◽  
Family Status ◽  
Dominant Form ◽  
Media Thickness ◽  
Mutation Carriers ◽  
Mild Hyperglycemia ◽  
Autosomal Dominant Form

Aim.GCK-MODY is an autosomal dominant form of diabetes caused by heterozygous mutations in the glucokinase gene leading to a lifelong mild hyperglycemia. The risk of macrovascular complications is considered low, but studies are limited. We, therefore, investigated the carotid intima-media thickness (CIMT) as an indicator of macrovascular complications in a group of patients with GCK-MODY.Methods.Twenty-seven GCK mutation carriers and 24 controls recruited among their first-degree relatives were compared, all aging over 35 years. The CIMT was tested using a high-resolution B-mode carotid ultrasonography. Medical history, anthropometry, and biochemical blood workup were obtained.Results.The mean CIMT was 0.707 ± 0.215 mm (mean ± SD) in GCK mutation carriers and 0.690 ± 0.180 mm in control individuals. When adjusted for age, gender, and family status, the estimated mean difference in CIMT between the two groups increased to 0.049 mm (P=0.19). No difference was detected for other characteristics, with the exception of fasting blood glucose (GCK-MODY 7.6 mmol/L ± 1.2 (136.4 mg/dL); controls 5.3 mmol/L ± 0.3 (95.4 mg/dL);P<0.0001) and glycated hemoglobin HbA1c(GCK-MODY 6.9% ± 1.0%, 52 mmol/mol ± 10; controls 5.7% ± 0.4%, 39 mmol/mol ± 3;P<0.0001). The frequency of myocardial infarction and ischemic stroke did not differ between groups.Conclusion.Our data indicate that the persistent hyperglycemia in GCK-MODY is associated with a low risk of developing diabetic macrovascular complications.

scholarly journals Correlation Between Carotid Intima-Media Thickness and the Activity of Rheumatoid Arthritis: A 1-Year Cross-Sectional Study

2018 ◽  
Vol 30 (3) ◽  
pp. 34-41
Keyword(s):  
Rheumatoid Arthritis ◽  
Disease Activity ◽  
Intima Media Thickness ◽  
Carotid Intima Media Thickness ◽  
Tender Joint Count ◽  
Tender Joint ◽  
Media Thickness ◽  
Das 28 ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Mean

Background and objectives: Among several noninvasive techniques available, a high-resolution B-mode ultrasonography is the widely used technique to measure carotid intima-media thickness (CIMT) in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients with elevated cardiovascular risk. The present study was undertaken to explore the clinical relationship between CIMT and disease activity in patients with RA. Methods: This study involved 50 adult patients with RA. Demographic, physical, systemic, and clinical data and history of the patients were recorded. Investigations, such as erythrocyte sedimentation rate, highly sensitive C-reactive protein, renal and liver function tests, RA factor, and anticyclic citrullinated peptide antibody tests were performed. CIMT was assessed using highresolution B-mode ultrasonography and the disease severity was assessed based on disease activity score (DAS) 28. Results: The mean age of the RA patients was 49.88 ± 12.12 years with male predilection. The mean duration, mean European League Against Rheumatism (EULAR) criteria score, and mean DAS 28 score in RA patients were 3.62 ± 3.25 years, 8.10 ± 1.58, and 4.91 ± 1.11, respectively. The mean CIMT observed in RA patients was 0.94 ± 0.31 cm. Significant difference was observed in the mean CIMT values of different variables, including duration of joint pain (P = 0.007), tender joint count (P < 0.001), swollen joint count (P < 0.001), EULAR criteria score (P < 0.001), and DAS 28 score (P < 0.001). Also, CIMT correlated positively with tender joint count (r = 0.711; P < 0.001), swollen joint count (r = 0.673; P < 0.001), EULAR criteria score (r = 0.611; P < 0.001), and DAS 28 score (r = 0.729; P < 0.001). Conclusion: A strong correlation was observed between CIMT and disease activity in patients with RA. Hence, CIMT can be a useful surrogate marker for detecting atherosclerosis in patients with RA.

Ultrasound protocols to measure carotid intima–media thickness: a post-hoc analysis of the OPAL study

2008 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
pp. 109-122 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Dogan ◽  
Y. Plantinga ◽  
G. W. Evans ◽  
R. Meijer ◽  
D. E. Grobbee ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Intima Media Thickness ◽  
Carotid Intima Media Thickness ◽  
Post Hoc Analysis ◽  
Media Thickness ◽  
Post Hoc

scholarly journals Association of prehypertension and hyperhomocysteinemia with subclinical atherosclerosis in asymptomatic Chinese: a cross-sectional study

BMJ Open ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. e019829 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bo Liu ◽  
Zhihao Chen ◽  
Xiaoqi Dong ◽  
Guangming Qin
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factor ◽  
Subclinical Atherosclerosis ◽  
Multiple Logistic Regression Analysis ◽  
Fasting Blood Glucose ◽  
Intima Media Thickness ◽  
Carotid Intima Media Thickness ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Significant Difference

ObjectivesComorbid hypertension and hyperhomocysteinemia is an important risk factor for carotid atherosclerotic plaque formation. We put forward the hypothesis that the subjects with comorbid prehypertension and hyperhomocysteinemia also had an increased risk of subclinical atherosclerosis, using carotid intima–media thickness (CIMT) as the marker of the atherosclerotic process.MethodsA total of 4102 asymptomatic Chinese subjects aged 18–60 years were divided into four groups according to blood pressure (BP) and homocysteine (HCY) level: the control group without prehypertension or hyperhomocysteinemia, isolated prehypertension group, simple hyperhomocysteinemia group and prehypertension with hyperhomocysteinemia group. Serum lipids, fasting blood glucose (FBG), HCY and CIMT were measured.ResultsThere was significant difference in the positive rates of increased CIMT among four groups. Compared with the controls, the subjects in the other three groups had a higher risk of increased CIMT (isolated prehypertension group, OR 2.049, 95% CI 1.525 to 2.754; simple hyperhomocysteinemia group, OR 2.145, 95% CI 1.472 to 3.125; prehypertension and hyperhomocysteinemia group, OR 3.199, 95% CI 2.362 to 4.332). However, by multiple logistic regression analysis, only comorbid prehypertension and hyperhomocysteinemia was independently associated with increased CIMT (OR 1.485, 95% CI 1.047 to 2.108, P<0.05).ConclusionsComorbid prehypertension and hyperhomocysteinemia was an independent risk factor of subclinical atherosclerosis in asymptomatic Chinese, but isolated prehypertension or hyperhomocysteinemia was not. Therefore, combined intervention for prehypertension and hyperhomocysteinemia may contribute to decrease the incident of cardiovascular disease.

scholarly journals A study of carotid intima-media thickness in GH-deficient Japanese adults during onset among adults and children

2003 ◽  
pp. 333-338 ◽  
Author(s):  
M Murata ◽  
H Kaji ◽  
I Mizuno ◽  
T Sakurai ◽  
K Iida ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gh Deficiency ◽  
Adult Life ◽  
Serum Triglyceride ◽  
Intima Media Thickness ◽  
Normal Subjects ◽  
Carotid Intima Media Thickness ◽  
Z Score ◽  
Media Thickness ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Difference

OBJECTIVES: Increased carotid intima-media thickness (IMT) has been reported among Caucasian adult GH-deficient (AGHD) patients, but not Japanese. Also, it is known that the clinical and biochemical characteristics of AGHD patients are somewhat different based on the onset of the disease in either childhood or adult life. Nevertheless, there has been no study comparing the magnitude of the deviation of their IMT from normal subjects between child-onset (CO) and adult-onset (AO) patients in terms of Z score. The aim of this study, therefore, was first to examine whether Japanese AGHD patients have a risk of early development of atherosclerosis similar to Caucasian patients and secondly to assess the difference in the onset and in progression of atherosclerosis. DESIGN AND SUBJECTS: Thirty-four patients (17 CO-AGHD, age 29+/-7 Years, body mass index (BMI) 24+/-3.8 kg/m(2) and 17 AO-AGHD, age 48+/-12 Years, BMI 23+/-3.6 kg/m(2)) and 34 age- and sex-matched healthy controls (17 CO controls and 17 AO controls) were enrolled in the present study. Blood samples were taken for measurements of lipids, lipoproteins and IGF-I. Subsequently, patients underwent IMT assessment. RESULTS: CO patients were significantly younger than AO patients. The duration of GH-deficiency in CO patients was significantly longer than that in AO patients. Serum triglyceride (TG) was significantly higher in CO patients than in CO controls (P<0.05). Serum total cholesterol and TG were significantly higher in AO patients than in AO controls (P<0.01). The IMT was significantly greater in CO and AO patients (0.82+/-0.08 and 0.79+/-0.03 mm) than in CO and AO controls (0.59+/-0.02 and 0.68+/-0.03 mm, P<0.01 and P<0.01 respectively). There was no significant difference in raw values of IMT between CO and AO patients. However, the Z score of IMT calculated using normal Japanese IMT values was significantly higher in CO than in AO patients (2.07+/-0.68 vs 0.35+/-0.48, P<0.05). CONCLUSIONS: These findings suggest that GH deficiency appears to increase an atherosclerotic risk in Japanese AGHD patients, as with Caucasians, and to cause more extensive IMT thickening in CO-AGHD than AO-AGHD patients.

Evaluation of serum endothelial cell-specific molecule-1 levels and carotid intima-media thickness in patients with ankylosing spondylitis / Ankilozan spodilitli hastalarda serum endothelial cell-specific molecule-1 ve karotis intima media kalınlığının değerlendirilmesi

2016 ◽  
Vol 41 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hakan Türkön ◽  
Ferhat Gökmen ◽  
Sema Uysal ◽  
Ayla Akbal ◽  
Beşir Şahin İnceer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Endothelial Cell ◽  
Ankylosing Spondylitis ◽  
Disease Activity ◽  
Activity Index ◽  
Intima Media Thickness ◽  
Carotid Intima Media Thickness ◽  
Chronic Inflammatory Disease ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Media Thickness ◽  
Significant Difference

AbstractObjective: Ankylosing spondylitis (AS) is a chronic inflammatory disease and the increased mortality in these patients is largely caused by cardiovascular diseases. Endothelial cell-specific molecule-1 (ESM-1) is a novel marker to assess endothelial dysfunction and expressed by the vascular endothelium. In this study, the serum ESM-1 levels in patients with AS and the possible association between serum ESM-1 and carotid intima-media thickness (CIMT) as a marker of atherosclerosis was evaluated.Methods: A total of thirty-seven patients with AS and thirty healthy control subjects were included in this study. ESM-1, erythrocyte sedimentation rate(ESR),C-reactive protein (CRP) and CIMT were measured in all subjects. ESM-1 levels were measured by ELISA method. The disease activity of patients with AS were assessed using questionnaires Bath Ankylosing Spondylitis Functional Index (BASFI) and Bath Ankylosing Spondylitis Disease Activity Index (BASDAI).Results: Serum ESM-1 levels were lower in AS patients than in healthy controls. However, there was no statistically significant difference between ESM-1 levels (304.3±185.2 vs. 373.9±206.9 ng/L, respectively; p=0.064). Patients with AS had significantly higher CIMT levels compared with controls (0.77±0.16 vs. 0.53±0.09 mm, respectively; p<0.001). While a statistically significant positive correlation was detected in all subjects between CIMT levels and ESR, CRP (r=0.378, p=0.002, r=0.547, p<0.001, respectively), no significant correlation was detected between serum ESM-1 levels and ESR, CRP, BASDAI, BASFI and CIMT.Conclusion: The results showed that CIMT values in AS patients were increased when compared to control group. There was no correlation among ESM-1 levels, disease activity and CIMT. In order to reveal the pathological role of the ESM-1 levels in patients with AS need more studies.

scholarly journals Effect of Sesame Lignan Supplementation on Carotid Intima-Media Thickness, Serum Lipid Profile, Serum VEGF, VCAM-1, ICAM-1 and vWF Levels in Cardiovascular Disease Patients

2020 ◽  
Vol In Press (In Press) ◽  
Author(s):  
Marzieh Mokhber ◽  
Ali Keshavarz ◽  
Farzad Shidfar ◽  
Abbas Hadji Akhundi ◽  
Hamidreza Pouraliakbar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lipid Profile ◽  
Serum Lipid ◽  
Fasting Blood Glucose ◽  
Intima Media Thickness ◽  
Carotid Intima Media Thickness ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Serum Lipid Profile ◽  
Controlled Clinical Trial ◽  
Media Thickness ◽  
Sesame Lignans

Background: Atherosclerosis is a chronic inflammatory disease of the vascular wall which can alter the whole vascular system of both the aorta and coronary arteries. Sesame seeds are one of the richest sources of dietary lignans which exhibit diverse functions and valuable effects such as anti-hypertensive, anti-inflammatory, and anti-oxidative activities. Objectives: In this study, the Effect of sesame lignans on carotid intima-media thickness (CIMT), serum lipid profile, and serum levels of VEGF, VCAM-1, ICAM-1 and vWF were evaluated in cardiovascular (CVD) patients. Methods: In this double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled clinical trial, thirty-six CVD patients who were candidates for angiography participated for 10 weeks. The subjects were asked to use 500 mg/day sesame lignans (lignan group, n = 19) or placebo (placebo group (starch), n = 17). The CIMT was measured by ultrasound and fasting blood samples were taken before and after the intervention. Results: Sesame lignans supplementation showed a significant decrease in both left and right CIMT, serum lipid profile, fasting blood glucose, and ICAM-1 serum levels compared to baseline and placebo (P < 0.05). Conclusions: These findings indicate that sesame lignans may contribute to the reduction of CIMT and prevent future cardiovascular events and so may be considered as a complementary therapeutic approach in CVD

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