scholarly journals Mastication as a Stress-Coping Behavior

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kin-ya Kubo ◽  
Mitsuo Iinuma ◽  
Huayue Chen
Keyword(s):  
Nervous System ◽  
Coping Behavior ◽  
Plasma Corticosterone ◽  
Ulcer Formation ◽  
Stress Coping ◽  
Coping Behaviors ◽  
Coping With Stress ◽  
Related Substances ◽  
Neuronal Mechanisms ◽  
Induced Changes

Exposure to chronic stress induces various physical and mental effects that may ultimately lead to disease. Stress-related disease has become a global health problem. Mastication (chewing) is an effective behavior for coping with stress, likely due to the alterations chewing causes in the activity of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis and autonomic nervous system. Mastication under stressful conditions attenuates stress-induced increases in plasma corticosterone and catecholamines, as well as the expression of stress-related substances, such as neurotrophic factors and nitric oxide. Further, chewing reduces stress-induced changes in central nervous system morphology, especially in the hippocampus and hypothalamus. In rodents, chewing or biting on wooden sticks during exposure to various stressors reduces stress-induced gastric ulcer formation and attenuates spatial cognitive dysfunction, anxiety-like behavior, and bone loss. In humans, some studies demonstrate that chewing gum during exposure to stress decreases plasma and salivary cortisol levels and reduces mental stress, although other studies report no such effect. Here, we discuss the neuronal mechanisms that underline the interactions between masticatory function and stress-coping behaviors in animals and humans.

scholarly journals Psychometric Properties of Behavioral Checklist for Coping with Stress in Patients with Mood Disorders

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 147-156
Author(s):  
Hyun Ju Lim ◽  
Eunsoo Moon ◽  
Hwagyu Suh ◽  
Sun Kyeong Yang ◽  
Je Min Park ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Psychometric Properties ◽  
Depressive Disorders ◽  
Common Factor ◽  
Coping Behavior ◽  
Reliability And Validity ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Stress Coping ◽  
Coping Behaviors ◽  
Coping With Stress ◽  
Behavioral Checklist

Objective Even though the importance of stress-coping, there is no reliable and valid scale to measure the stress-coping behavior yet. The purpose of this study is to explore the psychometric properties of Behavioral Checklist for Coping with Stress (BCCS).Methods A total of 458 subjects including healthy subjects and patients with bipolar or depressive disorders were analyzed. The reliability and validity of BCCS were examined by Chronbach’s alpha and exploratory factor analysis using Principal Component Analysis. In order to evaluate criterion-related validity, the Pearson’s correlation analyses between factors of BCCS and relevant scales were performed.Results BCCS showed good Chronobach’s alpha (0.695–0.833) and had acceptable validity. Factor 1 and factor 4 of BCCS were negatively correlated with depression, anxiety and positivity correlated with task and problem-solving, avoidance, tension-releasing copings in common. Factor 2 and 3 were positively correlated with impulsivity, emotionality, avoidance, behavioral and verbal aggression and tension-releasing copings in common. Different from factor 2, factor 3 was positively correlated with depression, anxiety and anger-suppression.Conclusion The results of this study suggest that this BCCS might be a reliable and valid scale for measuring stress-coping behaviors. This scale could facilitate research to investigate clinical implications related to behavioral stress-coping.

scholarly journals Coping with Stress: How Hotel Employees Fight to Work

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (19) ◽  
pp. 10887
Author(s):  
Caiwei Ma ◽  
Lianping Ren ◽  
Jingxin Zhao
Keyword(s):  
Coping Strategies ◽  
Effective Stress ◽  
Emotional Labor ◽  
Coping Behavior ◽  
Work Force ◽  
Three Dimensions ◽  
Stress Coping ◽  
Coping With Stress ◽  
Hotel Employees ◽  
Stress Coping Strategies

Working in hospitality establishments involves high levels of stress, partially due to the anti-social shift rotations and the high levels of emotional labor needed. Unmanaged stress often leads to psychological and even physical diseases, which harm both individual career development and hotel operations. Thus, it is of great importance to identify effective stress coping strategies to maintain a sustainable hotel work force. Stress coping behavior varies among different demographics and generations. Commonly used stress coping scales were established almost 40 years ago, and under the context of daily events, and may not be applicable in today’s hospitality context. Thus, this study was designed to investigate effective stress coping strategies among today’s hotel employees. Data were collected from 470 hotel employees in 37 cities in China. The results identified 12 effective coping strategies that fell under three dimensions: distraction, sharing, and self-indulgence. The findings contribute to scholarly knowledge of stress coping. Managerial implications are also discussed.

Who Uses Exercise as a Coping Strategy for Stress? Results From a National Survey of Canadians

2014 ◽  
Vol 11 (5) ◽  
pp. 908-916 ◽  
Author(s):  
John Cairney ◽  
Matthew YW Kwan ◽  
Scott Veldhuizen ◽  
Guy EJ Faulkner
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Coping Strategy ◽  
Leisure Time Physical Activity ◽  
Coping Behavior ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Canadian Community Health Survey ◽  
Stress Coping ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Coping With Stress ◽  
Cross Sectional

Purpose:To examine the prevalence of exercise as a coping behavior for stress, compare this to other coping behaviors, and examine its demographic, behavioral, and health correlates in a nationally representative sample of Canadians.Method:We used data from the Canadian Community Health Survey 1.2, a cross-sectional survey of 36,984 Canadians aged 15 and over, and conducted univariate and logistic regression analyses to address our objectives.Results:40% of Canadians reported using exercise for coping with stress (ranked 8th overall). These individuals were more likely to endorse other ‘positive’ coping strategies and less likely to use alcohol or drugs for coping. Being younger, female, unmarried, of high SES, and a nonsmoker were associated with higher likelihoods of using exercise as a coping strategy. High levels of leisure-time physical activity were associated with increased, and heavy physical activity at work with decreased, odds of reporting using exercise for stress coping.Conclusions:While reported use of exercise for stress coping is common in the general population, it is less so than several other behaviors. Encouraging exercise, particularly in groups identified as being less likely to use exercise for stress coping, could potentially reduce overall stress levels and improve general health and well-being.

scholarly journals Differential effects of opioid receptor modulators on motivational and stress-coping behaviors in the back-translational rat IFN-α depression model

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Charlotte K. Callaghan ◽  
Jennifer Rouine ◽  
Md Nurul Islam ◽  
David J. Eyerman ◽  
Karen L. Smith ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Opioid Receptor ◽  
Partial Agonist ◽  
Forced Swim Test ◽  
Antidepressant Drug ◽  
Coping Behavior ◽  
Progressive Ratio ◽  
Hippocampal Neurogenesis ◽  
Stress Coping ◽  
Coping Behaviors ◽  
Assay Sensitivity

AbstractRationaleMany patients respond inadequately to antidepressant drug treatment; the search for alternate pharmacological treatment mechanisms is ongoing. Until the 1950’s, opium was sometimes used to treat depression, but eventually abandoned due to addiction risk. Recent insights into opioid biology have sparked a renewed interest in the potential antidepressant properties of opioids.ObjectiveWe studied how mu (MOR), kappa (KOR) and delta (DOR) opioid receptor ligands affect the dysregulation of motivated behavior (progressive ratio responding; PR), stress-coping behavior (forced swim test; FST) and hippocampal neurogenesis in rats, all induced by the back-translational interferon-alpha (IFN-α)-induced depression model.MethodsMale Wistar rats (3-months old, 8/group) were treated with recombinant human IFN-α (170,000 IU/kg, 3 times/week) or saline. Ligands of the MOR, KOR and DOR receptors were administered as follows: a single subcutaneous dose, 30min before PR and 1h before FST, of the MOR agonist morphine (full agonist; 5mg/kg), the partial agonist RDC 2944 (0.1mg/kg) and the antagonist, cyprodime (10mg/kg); of the KOR agonist, U50 488 (5mg/kg), the antagonist, DIPPA (10mg/kg); and the DOR agonist, SNC 80 (20mg/kg) and antagonist naltrindole (10mg/kg). After 4 days of treatment with the mitotic BrdU marker, hippocampi were harvested and analysed for neurogenesis. Fluoxetine (10 mg/kg/day for 4 weeks, orally) served as control for assay sensitivity in the FST.ResultsThe KOR antagonist, DIPPA, the DOR agonist SNC 80 and fluoxetine reversed the IFN-α-induced immobility increase in the FST. The MOR agonist, morphine, the KOR antagonist DIPPA, and the KOR agonist U50 488 reduced the IFN-α-induced increase in the breakpoint in the PR. The DOR agonist SNC 80 recovered the IFN-α-induced decrease in BrdU+ hippocampal cells.ConclusionOpioid receptors mediate different aspects of the IFN-α-induced dysregulation of motivational and stress-coping behaviors and hippocampal neurogenesis in a back-translational model of depression. KORs and DORs appear to play more prominent roles in torpor–inertia-type behaviors, whereas DORs appear more involved in the regulation of neurogenesis.

VULNERABILITY TO FLOODING AND COPING BEHAVIOR FOUND IN HOUSING CONDITION: A CASE STUDY IN VAN QUAT DONG VILLAGE, TAM GIANG LAGOON AREA, CENTRAL VIETNAM

2017 ◽  
Vol 126 (4B) ◽  
pp. 49
Author(s):  
Trần Thanh Đức
Keyword(s):  
Natural Disasters ◽  
Coping Behavior ◽  
Housing Condition ◽  
Local People ◽  
Coping Behaviors ◽  
Poverty Level ◽  
Livelihood Security ◽  
Central Vietnam ◽  
And Coping ◽  
The Village

<p>Vietnam is a country that is suffered from frequent natural disasters. The most common types of natural disasters experienced are typhoon and flood. From 1951 to 2010, there were 166 typhoons come to Vietnam, of which 67 % hit the central region, 25 % to the north and 8 % to the south of the country. Typhoons bring heavy rains and high tides which accelerate floods, particularly in the coastal and lagoon areas of Central Vietnam. Identification of vulnerability to flooding and coping behavior of local people is required in the efforts to strengthen local capacity related to livelihood security in the study area. This study aims at characterizing the vulnerability of housing condition to flooding and the coping behaviors of local people after experienced big floods in Tam Giang lagoon area, Central Vietnam. Measurement of house’s foundation, observation of types of housing, interview to collect information about the water level during the events of big floods, year of construction and change of people’s behavior after the 1999’s flood were conducted with 427 households in Van Quat Dong village where four big flooding occurred in 1983, 1999, 2007 and 2009 during the last 30 years. The study shows that the 1999’s flood was the biggest flood with water height reached to 148.7 ± 23.9 cmfrom house floor and 222.6 ± 15.4 cmfrom ground level. The households located in the eastern part of the village are recognized more vulnerable to flood due to the lower altitude. The temporary and semi-permanent houses, which share 77.0 % to the entire houses, are considered to be relatively vulnerable to flooding due to weak housing materials and low height of foundation. The houses which categorized to permanent and semi-permanent types constructed after the 1999’s flood have higher foundation than the other houses constructed before the 1999’s flood. The raising of foundation height of permanent and semi-permanent houses, as well as an increase in numbers of two-storey houses, are recognized to be a behavior of local people to cope with flooding. The study also shows the relationship between the poverty level and the coping behaviors of households. Some of poor households in the village are still not in good preparedness to flooding. It suggests that poverty level of household concerns to the vulnerability to flooding and, therefore, rural development assistance to improve household economy for poverty alleviation is required in the efforts to strengthen local capacity related to livelihood security.<strong></strong></p>

scholarly journals Risk Perception and Coping Behavior of Construction Workers on Occupational Health Risks—A Case Study of Nanjing, China

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (13) ◽  
pp. 7040
Author(s):  
Hui Liu ◽  
Jie Li ◽  
Hongyang Li ◽  
He Li ◽  
Peng Mao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Perception ◽  
Occupational Health ◽  
Health Risks ◽  
Coping Behavior ◽  
Education Level ◽  
Construction Workers ◽  
Personal Knowledge ◽  
Coping Behaviors ◽  
And Coping ◽  
Health Risk Perception

To reduce harm caused by occupational health risks of construction workers exposed to working environments, especially those for interior decoration, it is crucial for them to actively recognize and prevent these risks. Therefore, how to improve their occupational health risks perception and regulate their coping behaviors should be of great concern. However, most prior studies target construction worker safety, and little research focuses on risk analysis from the psychological level of workers. Hence, construction workers’ occupational health risk perception level and coping behavior level in Nanjing and the influencing factors were analyzed through statistical analysis with 341 valid questionnaires. Bootstrapping was applied to test the mediating effects of risk perception on the proposed factors and coping behaviors. This study revealed that construction workers have a high-level of occupational health risk perception, yet low-level coping behavior. Gender, age, education level, and unit qualification cause differences in individual risk perception level. Personal knowledge and group effects significantly affect the level of risk perception, which subsequently affect coping behavior. Education level, monthly income, and personal knowledge influence the coping behavior through risk perception. Recommendations were put forward for risk perception and coping behavior improvement from the perspectives of construction workers themselves, enterprises, and governments. This study sheds new light for research areas of occupational health and risk management and provides beneficial practice for improving construction workers’ responses to occupational health risks.

scholarly journals Prefrontal/Amygdalar System Determines Stress Coping Behavior Through 5-HT/GABA Connection

2013 ◽  
Vol 38 (10) ◽  
pp. 2057-2067 ◽  
Author(s):  
Diego Andolina ◽  
Dario Maran ◽  
Alessandro Valzania ◽  
David Conversi ◽  
Stefano Puglisi-Allegra
Keyword(s):  
Coping Behavior ◽  
Stress Coping

Changes in the Cortex Neurons in Single and Fractional Gamma Radiation

2021 ◽  
Vol 66 (4) ◽  
pp. 18-24
Author(s):  
I. Ushakov ◽  
Vladimir Fyodorov
Keyword(s):  
Nervous System ◽  
Cerebral Cortex ◽  
Radiation Exposure ◽  
Comparative Assessment ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Fractionated Irradiation ◽  
Radiation Induced ◽  
Post Radiation ◽  
Induced Changes ◽  
The Brain

Purpose: Comparative assessment of radiation-induced changes in neurons of the cerebral cortex after a single and fractionated exposure to ionizing radiation in doses of 0.1 – 1.0 Gy. Material and methods. The study was carried out in compliance with the rules of bioethics on 180 white outbred male rats at the age of 4 months. by the beginning of the experiment, exposed to a single or fractionated exposure to γ-quanta of 60Co in total doses of 0.1; 0.2; 0.5 and 1.0 Gy. Neuromorphological and histochemical methods were used to assess morphometric and tinctorial parameters of nerve cells, as well as changes in the content of protein and nucleic acids in neurons in the early and late periods of the post-radiation period. Using one-way analysis of variance, a comparative assessment of neuromorphological indicators under various modes of radiation exposure is given. Results: In the control and irradiated animals throughout their life, undulating changes in the indicators of the state of the neurons of the brain occur with a gradual decrease by the end of the experiment. Despite a number of features of the dynamics of neuromorphological parameters, these irradiation regimes do not cause functionally significant changes in the neurons of the cortex. However, in some periods of the post-radiation period, the changes under the studied irradiation regimes were multidirectional and did not always correspond to age control. Significant differences in the response of neurons to these modes of radiation exposure in the sensory and motor areas of the cerebral cortex have not been established. Conclusion: No functionally significant radiation-induced changes in neurons were found either with single or fractionated irradiation. At the same time, different modes of irradiation in general caused the same type of changes in neurons. However, in some periods of observation, changes in neuromorphological parameters under the studied irradiation regimes were not unidirectional and differed from age control, which indicates a possible risk of disturbances in the functioning of the nervous system against the background of other harmful and dangerous factors.

Application of Mutant IDH1 Antibody to Differentiate Diffuse Glioma From Nonneoplastic Central Nervous System Lesions and Therapy-induced Changes

2010 ◽  
Vol 34 (8) ◽  
pp. 1199-1204 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Capper ◽  
Felix Sahm ◽  
Christian Hartmann ◽  
Richard Meyermann ◽  
Andreas von Deimling ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Central Nervous System ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Diffuse Glioma ◽  
Mutant Idh1 ◽  
Induced Changes
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