scholarly journals Violence in Intimate Relationships: A Comparison between Married and Dating Couples

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carla Machado ◽  
Carla Martins ◽  
Sónia Caridade
Keyword(s):  
Physical Abuse ◽  
Intimate Relationships ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Intimate Violence ◽  
Attitudinal Data ◽  
Dating Couples ◽  
Type Of Abuse ◽  
Relational Contexts

This study examines the attitudes about intimate violence and compares the prevalence of abuse reported by married and dating participants, by type of abuse and sex of respondent. A sample of 3,716 participants, aged 15 to 67 years, filled in one attitudinal questionnaire and a self-report instrument on abuse perpetration and victimization. Attitudinal data revealed a general disapproval of violence use, with greater violence support among males and married participants. When comparing violence in both relational contexts, we found that, in terms of perpetration, more dating partners reported physical abuse and severe forms of physical abuse than married partners. Suggestions for future research are discussed.

The (dys)functionality of deceptive affection : using a goals-based approach to understand the process of deceptive affection and its connection to relational health in friends with benefits and other intimate relationships

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
Sara L. Trask
Keyword(s):  
Romantic Relationships ◽  
Intimate Relationships ◽  
Exchange Theory ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Relational Health ◽  
University Of Missouri ◽  
Friends With Benefits ◽  
Relational Outcomes ◽  
The University ◽  
Relational Contexts

[ACCESS RESTRICTED TO THE UNIVERSITY OF MISSOURI AT REQUEST OF AUTHOR.] The use of affection in relationships plays an important role in developing and maintaining relationships (Floyd, 2006). However, affectionate communication can also provide substantial risks to individual and relational health when it is misattributed (Floyd and Burgoon, 1999, Floyd and Voloudakis, 1999a). The present dissertation assessed 526 participants to examine the process of deceptive affection, both intensified and deintensified, as a communicative tool used to satisfy goals, and how the use of deceptive affection relates to relational health within three relational contexts: friends with benefits, cross-sex friendships, and romantic relationships. The Deceptive Affection Scale (DAS) was created to assess individuals' use of deceptive affection. Results suggest FWBRs produce more deceptive affection, both intensifying and deintensifying, than cross-sex friendships and romantic relationships. Additionally, different goals predicted the use of intensified and deintensified deceptive affection across relational contexts. Finally, results would suggest that deintensifying affection has minimal influence on relational outcomes, however, intensifying affection is negatively associated with relational health. The current study contributes to the expanding literature on affection, particularly deceptive affection, affection exchange theory, and FWBR literature. Implications for findings, limitations, and areas of future research are addressed.

College Students’ Perceptions of Intimate Partner Violence: The Effects of Type of Abuse and Perpetrator Gender

2020 ◽  
pp. 088626052090802
Author(s):  
Jenna M. Wilson ◽  
Kimberly Smirles
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Intimate Partner Violence ◽  
Physical Abuse ◽  
Partner Violence ◽  
Intimate Partner Abuse ◽  
Intimate Partner ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Northeastern United States ◽  
Abuse Severity ◽  
Type Of Abuse

This study explored how perceptions of intimate partner abuse severity and perpetrator responsibility differed based upon gender of the perpetrator/victim, participants’ gender, the type of abuse (physical vs. psychological), and the medium of abuse (in person vs. texting). Participants were undergraduates ( N = 593, aged 18–27), including 457 women and 136 men from two colleges in the Northeastern United States, who completed surveys for course credit. Results demonstrated that participants perceived abuse perpetrated by a male as more severe than abuse by a female, and physical abuse as more severe than psychological abuse. Furthermore, an interaction between perpetrator gender and abuse type indicated that abuse by males was viewed as more severe regardless of whether it occurred in person or electronically. In addition, participants attributed more responsibility to males and those who committed physical abuse. These findings are discussed in light of limitations and implications for future research.

Marketized Mentality, Street Codes and Violence

2020 ◽  
pp. 088626052095964
Author(s):  
Stephen W. Baron
Keyword(s):  
Physical Abuse ◽  
Risk Taking ◽  
Homeless Youth ◽  
Social Bonds ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Violent Victimization ◽  
Marginal Populations ◽  
Peer Association ◽  
The Impact

The article examines the recent individual level extensions to Institutional Anomie Theory. It explores if a marketized mentality is important to the development of a violent street code that encourages violence as a method of self-enhancement, as well as a factor directly leading to violence. Further, it investigates if the impact of the marketized mentality on violence is moderated by risk-taking and violent peers. It controls for other important factors associated with violence including physical abuse, homelessness, violent victimization, and social bonds. The research utilizes self-report data from interviews with 400 Canadian homeless youth aged 16–24. Results from the OLS regressions indicated that a marketized mentality, along with risk-taking, violent peers, violent victimization, and social bonds predicted levels of support for the street code. The marketized mentality had a direct effect on violence, as well as an indirect effect through the street code. The effect of marketized mentality on violence was also stronger at higher levels of risk-taking and violent peer association. Physical abuse, violent victimization, risk-taking, and violent peers also had direct effects on violence. The findings suggest that a marketized mentality can be adopted even in economically marginal populations leading to the development of violent strategies to fulfill goals. Avenues for future research are offered.

Attachment Organization in Suicide Prevention Research

Crisis ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 35 (1) ◽  
pp. 60-66 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amanda Venta ◽  
Carla Sharp
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Suicidal Ideation ◽  
Suicide Attempt ◽  
Interpersonal Relationships ◽  
Suicide Ideation ◽  
Suicide Attempts ◽  
Critical Role ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Self Harm

Background: Identifying risk factors for suicide-related thoughts and behaviors (SRTB) is essential among adolescents in whom SRTB remain a leading cause of death. Although many risk factors have already been identified, influential theories now suggest that the domain of interpersonal relationships may play a critical role in the emergence of SRTB. Because attachment has long been seen as the foundation of interpersonal functioning, we suggest that attachment insecurity warrants attention as a risk factor for SRTB. Aims: This study sought to explore relations between attachment organization and suicidal ideation, suicide attempts, and self-harm in an inpatient adolescent sample, controlling for demographic and psychopathological covariates. Method: We recruited 194 adolescents from an inpatient unit and assigned them to one of four attachment groups (secure, preoccupied, dismissing, or disorganized attachment). Interview and self-report measures were used to create four variables reflecting the presence or absence of suicidal ideation in the last year, single lifetime suicide attempt, multiple lifetime suicide attempts, and lifetime self-harm. Results: Chi-square and regression analyses did not reveal significant relations between attachment organization and SRTB, although findings did confirm previously established relations between psychopathology and SRTB, such that internalizing disorder was associated with increased self-harm, suicide ideation, and suicide attempt and externalizing disorder was associated with increased self-harm. Conclusion: The severity of this sample and methodological differences from previous studies may explain the nonsignificant findings. Nonsignificant findings may indicate that the relation between attachment organization and SRTB is moderated by other factors that should be explored in future research.

scholarly journals Consumer Neuroscience Techniques in Advertising Research: A Bibliometric Citation Analysis

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 1589
Author(s):  
Juan Sánchez-Fernández ◽  
Luis-Alberto Casado-Aranda ◽  
Ana-Belén Bastidas-Manzano
Keyword(s):  
Self Report ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Complex Nature ◽  
Clear Understanding ◽  
Continuous Growth ◽  
Main Research ◽  
Consumer Neuroscience ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Performance Analysis Tools

The limitations of self-report techniques (i.e., questionnaires or surveys) in measuring consumer response to advertising stimuli have necessitated more objective and accurate tools from the fields of neuroscience and psychology for the study of consumer behavior, resulting in the creation of consumer neuroscience. This recent marketing sub-field stems from a wide range of disciplines and applies multiple types of techniques to diverse advertising subdomains (e.g., advertising constructs, media elements, or prediction strategies). Due to its complex nature and continuous growth, this area of research calls for a clear understanding of its evolution, current scope, and potential domains in the field of advertising. Thus, this current research is among the first to apply a bibliometric approach to clarify the main research streams analyzing advertising persuasion using neuroimaging. Particularly, this paper combines a comprehensive review with performance analysis tools of 203 papers published between 1986 and 2019 in outlets indexed by the ISI Web of Science database. Our findings describe the research tools, journals, and themes that are worth considering in future research. The current study also provides an agenda for future research and therefore constitutes a starting point for advertising academics and professionals intending to use neuroimaging techniques.

scholarly journals Global Impact of COVID-19 on Weight and Weight-Related Behaviors in the Adult Population: A Scoping Review

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (4) ◽  
pp. 1876
Author(s):  
Han Shi Jocelyn Chew ◽  
Violeta Lopez
Keyword(s):  
Weight Gain ◽  
Scoping Review ◽  
Screen Time ◽  
Weight Status ◽  
Adult Population ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Sedentary Behaviors ◽  
Management Interventions ◽  
The Impact

Objective: To provide an overview of what is known about the impact of COVID-19 on weight and weight-related behaviors. Methods: Systematic scoping review using the Arksey and O’Malley methodology. Results: A total of 19 out of 396 articles were included. All studies were conducted using online self-report surveys. The average age of respondents ranged from 19 to 47 years old, comprised of more females. Almost one-half and one-fifth of the respondents gained and lost weight during the COVID-19 pandemic, respectively. Among articles that examined weight, diet and physical activity changes concurrently, weight gain was reported alongside a 36.3% to 59.6% increase in total food consumption and a 67.4% to 61.4% decrease in physical activities. Weight gain predictors included female sex, middle-age, increased appetite, snacking after dinner, less physical exercise, sedentary behaviors of ≥6 h/day, low water consumption and less sleep at night. Included articles did not illustrate significant associations between alcohol consumption, screen time, education, place of living and employment status, although sedentary behaviors, including screen time, did increase significantly. Conclusions: Examining behavioral differences alone is insufficient in predicting weight status. Future research could examine differences in personality and coping mechanisms to design more personalized and effective weight management interventions.

Law enforcement investigation of non-sexual child abuse: Physical abuse, neglect and Abusive Head Trauma

2021 ◽  
Vol 25 (2) ◽  
pp. 75-92
Author(s):  
Sarah Shaffer ◽  
Nadja Schreiber Compo ◽  
J Zoe Klemfuss ◽  
Joanna Peplak ◽  
Julio Mejias
Keyword(s):  
Law Enforcement ◽  
Physical Abuse ◽  
Head Trauma ◽  
Abusive Head Trauma ◽  
The United States ◽  
Self Control ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Medical Diagnoses ◽  
Interviewing Techniques ◽  
Case Characteristics

This study examined the experiences of law enforcement in investigating physical abuse, neglect and Abusive Head Trauma (AHT). Law enforcement ( N = 388) in the United States were surveyed regarding case characteristics, investigative strategy, interrogative approaches, frequency/content of perpetrator admissions and interagency interaction across cases of physical abuse, neglect and AHT. Results revealed that exposure rates matched those of national statistics. AHT perpetrators reported to admit guilt less often than suspects of physical abuse and neglect. Participants reported that suspects explain physical abuse and AHT by referencing poor self-control as a common cause. Lack of financial resources was commonly reported as the explanation for neglect. Potentially coercive interviewing techniques were reported across abuse types but were more frequent in cases of AHT. AHT cases were reportedly hardest to prove/prosecute partially due to conflicting medical diagnoses. Potential implications for law enforcement investigative (interviewing) policies and future research are discussed.

scholarly journals Perception of Threat and Psychological Impact of COVID-19 among Expatriates in Makkah Region, Saudi Arabia

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (12) ◽  
pp. 6650
Author(s):  
Majed A. Algarni ◽  
Mohammad S. Alzahrani ◽  
Yasser Alatawi ◽  
Raghad A. Alasmari ◽  
Hashem O. Alsaab ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Saudi Arabia ◽  
Psychological Symptoms ◽  
Psychological Impact ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Perceived Threat ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Psychological Burden ◽  
Arabic Speakers ◽  
Perception Of Threat

In the first few months of the pandemic, Makkah region reported the highest number of COVID-19 cases among all regions in Saudi Arabia. More than 80% of these reported cases were non-Saudi residents. In this study, we evaluated the perceived threat from and psychological impact of COVID-19 among non-Saudi residents of Makkah region. This was a cross-sectional analysis of data collected using a standardized self-report questionnaire. A total of 292 expatriates were included in the study, the majority of whom were non-Arabic speakers. The prevalence of self-reported depression was nearly 40%, anxiety was 32%, and stress was 43%. The findings indicated variability in the prevalence of psychological symptoms among expatriates from different ethnic backgrounds. Additionally, work environment and perceived threat were strong predictors of psychological disorders. This suggested that the perceived threat from and psychological burden of COVID-19 among non-Saudis in Makkah region is substantial. Future research should investigate the reasons behind these variations in the psychological impact of the pandemic among different ethnic groups.

scholarly journals The Creative Self-Concept as a Mediator Between Openness to Experience and Creative Behaviour

2016 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 408-417 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bin-Bin Chen
Keyword(s):  
Structural Equation ◽  
Openness To Experience ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Mediation Effect ◽  
Self Concept ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Equation Modelling ◽  
Creative Behaviour ◽  
Creative Self ◽  
The Relationship

AbstractThis study examined the mediation effect of creative self-concept on the relationship between Openness to Experience and creative behaviours among university students. Participants in the study completed self-report measures of Openness to Experience, creative behaviours and creative self-concept. Structural equation modelling revealed that, as predicted, Openness to Experience was indirectly related to creative behaviours through creative self-concept. Implications for future research and limitations of the present findings are discussed.

Structure and Dynamics of Escalation from the Batterer's Perspective

2002 ◽  
Vol 83 (2) ◽  
pp. 129-141 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zeev Winstok ◽  
Zvi Eisikovits ◽  
Richard Gelles
Keyword(s):  
Qualitative Interviews ◽  
Cost Benefit ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Intimate Violence ◽  
Costs And Benefits ◽  
Structure And Dynamics ◽  
Related Cost ◽  
Cohabiting Couples ◽  
Societal Reaction ◽  
Practical Implications

Most theories dealing with the escalation of intimate violence have examined the components of escalation, rather than the dynamic processes involved. This paper develops a theoretical model addressing the structure and dynamics of escalation. To develop the model, we studied the transition between nonviolent and violent realities of cohabitant couples from the male partner's perspective. A sample of 25 interviews was selected from a database consisting of 120 in-depth qualitative interviews that were collected for a larger study dealing with the experience of violence among cohabiting couples that remained together in spite of the violence. Sampling, data collection, and data analysis followed the principles of grounded theory (Glaser & Strauss, 1967). Findings indicate that the men interviewed perceive themselves as entitled and obligated to defend their dyadic existential frameworks, while recognizing the costs and benefits involved in the use of violence to achieve this end. These men tend to create the rules, judge when the rules are being infringed upon, and take steps to enforce the rules. Their evaluation of the extent of their control over their own actions and the related cost–benefit considerations are highly influential in their attempts to reestablish the lost balance in their dyadic life. The process of constructing a reaction to their partner's behavior consists of two distinctive but interrelated phases: (a) identifying an action by the partner and constructing it into being worthy of reaction; (b) constructing an appropriate reaction. Men's construction of the escalation process is not random or situational, but rather constructed within a set of personal, interpersonal, and socially recognized scripts that delineate the boundaries of the entire process. Theoretical and practical implications for assessing the risk of violence and subsequent societal reaction are suggested, as well as directions for future research.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document