scholarly journals Do Handling and Transport Stress Influence Adrenocortical Response in the Tortoises (Testudo hermanni)?

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Esterina Fazio ◽  
Pietro Medica ◽  
Giuseppe Bruschetta ◽  
Adriana Ferlazzo
Keyword(s):  
Reference Intervals ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Group 13 ◽  
Blood Samples ◽  
Adrenocortical Response ◽  
Testudo Hermanni ◽  
Transport Stress ◽  
Cortisol Levels ◽  
Experimental Group ◽  
Stress Influence

The goal of this study was to analyze circulating cortisol levels from tortoises (Testudo hermanni) to establish reference intervals and to develop guidelines for the interpretation of the effect of handling and transport stress. Blood samples were obtained from the caudal venous from 23 healthy juvenile tortoises (9 males and 14 females), aged 8–20 years, in basal condition, four weeks prior to and four weeks following handling and short transportation. The study was carried out on the experimental group: 10 tortoises, 4 males and 6 females, and on a control group: 13 tortoises, 5 males and 8 females. Compared to basal values, circulating cortisol concentrations was higher after handling and transport (+286%; P<0.001), with an increase of +246% (P<0.001) in males, +236% (P<0.005) in females, +370% (P<0.005) in subjects aged 8–12 years, and +240% (P<0.001) in subjects aged 13–20 years. These observations support the hypotheses that cortisol may act to mediate the effects of handling and transport stress in this species and that four weeks following handling and transport were insufficient to restore their homeostasis.

scholarly journals Salmonella Bacterin Vaccination Decreases Shedding and Colonization of Salmonella Typhimurium in Pigs

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (6) ◽  
pp. 1163
Author(s):  
Eduarda Alexandra Gonçalves de Oliveira Moura ◽  
Daniela Gomes da Silva ◽  
Caio Henrique Turco ◽  
Thainara Vitoria Carnevalli Sanches ◽  
Gabriel Yuri Storino ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Salmonella Typhimurium ◽  
Blood Count ◽  
Control Strategies ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Blood Samples ◽  
Commercial Vaccine ◽  
Serum Igg ◽  
And Control ◽  
Experimental Group ◽  
Over Time

Since the occurrence of swine salmonellosis has increased over time and control strategies other than biosecurity are highly recommended, the present study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of vaccination with Salmonella Choleraesuis and Salmonella Typhimurium bacterins in pigs. Two experimental groups were formed: G1, animals immunized with two doses of a commercial vaccine (n = 20); G2, control group (n = 20). After vaccination, all pigs were orally challenged (D0) with 108 CFU of Salmonella Typhimurium and evaluated for 40 days. Every 10 days after D0, five piglets from each experimental group were euthanized and submitted to the necroscopic examination, when organ samples were collected. Blood samples and rectal swabs were collected before the first dose of the vaccine (D−42), before the second dose (D−21), before the challenge (D0), and thereafter, every three days until D39. Blood count, serum IgG measurement by ELISA, and the excretion of Salmonella Typhimurium in feces were evaluated. While the results from blood count and serum IgG concentration did not differ, the detection and excretion of Salmonella between G1 and G2 differed (p < 0.05). Therefore, it was observed that this vaccine partially protected the animals against experimental infection with Salmonella Typhimurium, reducing the excretion of bacteria in feces.

Adhesion of Malassezia pachydermatis of different growth type to canine epithelial cells

2014 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 365-366 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Florek ◽  
J. Król ◽  
Z. Staroniewicz ◽  
B. Bażanów
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin E ◽  
Epithelial Cells ◽  
Glutathione Peroxidase ◽  
Dairy Cows ◽  
Clinical Mastitis ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Growth Type ◽  
Malassezia Pachydermatis ◽  
Blood Samples ◽  
Experimental Group

Abstract This study focuses on the effect of parenteral administration of Selenium (Se) and vitamin E on concentration of Se in plasma and the activity of glutathione peroxidase (GPx) in the blood of dairy cows during peripartal period and their effect on the reduction of clinical mastitis. From a 220 individuals Holstein herd in a two-four lactation-gestation cycle the control group (C), 1st (D1) and 2nd (D2) experimental group were selected. Every group consisted of 15 cows in the last phase of the pregnancy. All cows were fed with the diet containing 0.1 mg of Se per kg/DM. The blood samples from vena jugularis were collected approximately 21 days before calving (control sampling), 3 days, 12 days and 21 days after calving. On the day of control sampling and 12 days before calving in D1 group, cows were injected subcutaneously in the sprescapular region with preparation Selevit inj. a.u.v. at the doses of 48.4 mg/head of Se, and 550 IU/head of α-Tocoferol (α-Toc). In D2 group, cows were injected by the same preparation only on 21th day before calving with the same doses of Se and α-Toc. The increase in the concentration of Se in the plasma and activity GPx in blood in D1 group on the 3rd day and 12th day after calving were determined. Increase in plasmatic concentrations α-Toc on 3rd day after calving and reduction of occurrence of clinical mastitis (13.3%) as compared with control group were found

Analysis of the Effect of a Social Problem-Solving Program on the Aggression of Children

2011 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 142-153 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zarife Seçer ◽  
Hülya Gülay Ogelman
Keyword(s):  
Problem Solving ◽  
Training Program ◽  
Social Problem ◽  
Social Problem Solving ◽  
Indirect Aggression ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Group 13 ◽  
The Social ◽  
8Th Grade ◽  
Experimental Group

AbstractThe aim of this research was to establish the effect of a social problem-solving training program for 8th grade students. In the experimental group, 14 students were 14 years old and 1 student was 15 years old. In the control group, 13 students were 14 years old and 2 students were 15 years old. The Aggression Questionnaire (AQ) was administered to the students. The students in the experimental group were trained in the Social Problem-Solving program at school. The students in the Social Problem-Solving Training Program had statistically significant lower scores on physical aggression, anger, hostility, indirect aggression and total aggression than the students who did not undertake the program.

scholarly journals The long-term administration of a clinoptilolite-supplemented feed to layers and its effect on performance, haematological parameters and metabolic profile

2008 ◽  
Vol 53 (No. 5) ◽  
pp. 212-218 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Straková ◽  
P. Suchý ◽  
I. Herzig ◽  
V. Šerman ◽  
N. Mas
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Period ◽  
Reference Intervals ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Average Weight ◽  
Adaptation Period ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Total Plasma Protein ◽  
Term Administration ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Experimental Group

120 selected layers (Bovans Goldline hybrid) aged 19 weeks with an average weight of 1 735 g were divided into two balanced groups: control group (Group C) and experimental (Group E). Layers were reared in three-tier cages with automatic watering, manual feeding, and at controlled light and temperature regimens. One cage accommodated two layers, the floor surface area was 0.1125 m<sup>2</sup> per layer. The experiment started after a 20-day adaptation period with layers aged 22 weeks (Week 22) and ended when layers were 68 weeks old (Week 68). In a period of initiation (i.e. Weeks 19–38), layers were fed the complete feeding mixture N1. Then they received the feeding mixture N2 until the end of the experiment. Feeding mixtures in both groups (C and E) had the same composition; the only difference between mixtures was that the feeding mixture in the experimental group was enriched with 1% clinoptilolite (i.e. the commercially available additive ZeoFeed). Layers received feeding mixtures and drinking water <I>ad libitum.</I> In the course of the experimental period, control layers laid 16 289 eggs while experimental layers laid 16 474 eggs. It follows from the results that the laying intensity in experimental layers was 1.7% higher as compared to control layers, i.e. the number of laid eggs in experimental layers increased by 5.6 eggs per layer. The mean weight of all laid eggs was 66.3 ± 6.25 g in the control group and 65.6 ± 5.44 g in the experimental group (<I>P</I> ≤ 0.01). Such performance was achieved at the consumption of feeding mixture being 141.7 g per laid egg in the control group and 137.6 g per laid egg in the experimental group. The consumption of feeding mixture in the experimental group was 4.1 g lower than that in the control group. The mean values of parameters monitored in blood plasma such as uric acid, cholesterol, glucose, lactose, calcium, phosphorus, ALP, and LDH in both groups of layers ranged within reference intervals, with no significant differences being detected between both groups.However, statistically significant differences between both groups were found in total plasma protein (<I>P</I> ≤ 0.01), triacylglycerol levels (<I>P</I> ≤ 0.05), and magnesium (<I>P</I> ≤ 0.01), which were elevated in the control group, and in AST (<I>P</I> ≤ 0.05) whose level in the control group was significantly lower than that in the experimental group. The results of haematological tests performed with layers’ blood revealed statistically significant changes in parameters such as the erythrocyte count (<I>P</I> ≤ 0.01), haemoglobin level (<I>P</I> ≤ 0.01), and MCHC (<I>P</I> ≤ 0.05), which were elevated in the experimental group, and in the leukocyte count (<I>P</I> ≤ 0.05), which was lower in the experimental group, as compared with the control. However, the values found varied within physiological ranges.

scholarly journals Changes in the Concentrations of Some Plasma Proteins During Acute Inflammation in Dogs

2017 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 85-89
Author(s):  
Dimirtinka Zapryanova ◽  
Teodora Mircheva ◽  
Tsanko Hristov ◽  
Lazarin Lazarov ◽  
Aleksander Atanasov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Plasma Proteins ◽  
Acute Inflammation ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Post Inoculation ◽  
Lumbar Region ◽  
Total Proteins ◽  
Blood Samples ◽  
Inflammatory Conditions ◽  
Experimental Group

Abstract The purpose of the present study was to analyse the changes in concentrations of total proteins, albumin, globulins and albumin/globulin ratio in dogs with experimentally induced acute inflammation. The study was performed on 9 mongrel dogs (experimental group) and 6 mongrel dogs (control group) at the age of 2 years and body weight 12-15 kg. The acute inflammation was reproduced by inoculation of 2 ml turpentine oil in the lumbar region subcutaneously and in same quantity saline in control dogs. Blood samples were collected into heparinized tubes before inoculation (hour 0) then at hours 6, 24, 48, 72 and on days 7, 14, 21. The statistical analysis of the data was performed using one way analysis of variance (ANOVA). The level of albumin statistically decreased in the experimental dogs from at 72nd h to day 14 while the concentration of globulins increased from the 72nd h to day 21. On days 7 and 14 the albumin/globulin ratio slightly decreased. During the whole post inoculation period the values of total protein have not changed. The dates of the present study confirm that albumin, albumin/globulin ratio and globulins are sensitive factors in inflammatory conditions in dogs.

scholarly journals The Use and Development of Podcasting as a Technological Tool in Secondary Education in Greece: A Case Study

2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (11) ◽  
pp. 109 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stamatina Nikolou ◽  
Maria Darra
Keyword(s):  
Learning Styles ◽  
Educational Institution ◽  
First Grade ◽  
Control Group ◽  
School Subject ◽  
Group 13 ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Technological Tool ◽  
Experimental Group

The main objective of this study is to explore how podcasting can be implemented as a supportive technological tool in teaching English as a Second Language. To this aim, the field experiment research was conducted. The study was carried out in a total of 28 pupils of the first grade of high school at an educational institution on Rhodes, Greece in December 2017. The students were assigned into the experimental group (15 students) and the control group (13 students). A statistically significant difference has arisen regarding the contribution of podcasting to the motivation of the students of the two groups. The students of the experimental group believe that English is a very important school subject which can help them in other subjects. Students found the podcasts interesting and helpful and their content attracted their attention, satisfied their needs and was absolutely relevant to the lesson. All learning styles benefited from the educational podcasts, each one of them in a different way. Finally, the current study proposes specific suggestions for the development of podcasting according to different learning styles.

scholarly journals THE EFFECT OF PSYCHOLOGICAL STRESS ON MPF INTRAFOLLICULAR

2019 ◽  
pp. 127-130
Author(s):  
REVI GH NOVIKA ◽  
BUDI SANTOSO ◽  
WIDJIATI WIDJIATI
Keyword(s):  
Heat Shock ◽  
Heat Shock Protein ◽  
Psychological Stress ◽  
Heat Shock Protein 70 ◽  
Regulatory Protein ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Hsp70 Expression ◽  
Control Group Design ◽  
Cortisol Levels ◽  
Experimental Group

Objective: The aim of the study is to investigate the influence of cortisol and Heat Shock Protein 70 (HSP70) on the stressed mice to maturationpromoting factor (MPF) expression intrafollicular.Methods: Experimental laboratory with Randomized Post Test Only Control Group Design was carried out on intrafollicular mice. Divided into twogroups, experimental and control groups. The experimental group was given a 95 dB 4 hours/day noisy exposure for 5 days which was analogous topsychological stress in humans and the control group was not given noisy exposure. Furthermore, both groups were examined for cortisol levels toensure stress in mice. Heat shock protein 70 (HSP70) expression was examined as the main regulatory protein for stress response and Maturationpromoting factor (MPF) expression which is a mediator for oocyte maturation.Results: Psychological stress by 95 dB/4 hours/day noisy exposure for 5 days significantly increased serum cortisol levels in experimental group(p=0.000) and HSP70 expression (p=0.000). The effect of Increased cortisol levels and HSP70 expression significantly decrease in MPF expression(p=0.000).Conclusion: The study concluded that psychological stress could be seen by increasing cortisol and HSP70 expression affected to decreasing MPFexpression intrafollicular

Keeping method influence on newborn calves organism

2020 ◽  
pp. 23-24
Author(s):  
Vera N. Makarova ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
Average Daily Gain ◽  
Natural Resistance ◽  
Control Group ◽  
General Tendency ◽  
Blood Samples ◽  
Newborn Calves ◽  
Daily Gain ◽  
Experimental Group ◽  
Observation Period

The article reflects observations on calves with different ways of keeping. Two groups of newborn calves were selected at the dairy complex (n=33). The calves of the control group were raised indoors in the traditional way in individual cages, and the experimental group was outdoors in the houses. The experiment was conducted from March to June. For the first 10 days, all calves were measured body temperature, pulse, respiration, blood samples for 1, 5, 10, 20 and 30 days of life were studied, incidence was taken into account. The heart rate in both groups gradually decreased by day 10. In the experimental group, this decrease was less pronounced and on average over the observation period, the pulse rate was 128 or 8 beats higher than in the control. The respiratory rate in calves of both groups had a general tendency to decrease. In experimental calves, this indicator was more constant than in controls. In calves of the experimental group, the average daily gain was 69.0 g higher, and the incidence was 14.9% lower compared to the calves of the control group. Authors established activation of metabolism, increase in natural resistance, weight gain and decrease in the incidence of disease in calves bred in the open air in individual houses.

Effect of parenteral administration of Selenium and vitamin E on health status of mammary gland and on selected antioxidant indexes in blood of dairy cows

2014 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 217-223 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. Zigo ◽  
Z. Farkasóvá ◽  
J. Eleko ◽  
M. Lapin ◽  
M. Chripková ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mammary Gland ◽  
Health Status ◽  
Vitamin E ◽  
Glutathione Peroxidase ◽  
Dairy Cows ◽  
Clinical Mastitis ◽  
Parenteral Administration ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Blood Samples ◽  
Experimental Group

Abstract This study focuses on the effect of parenteral administration of Selenium (Se) and vitamin E on concentration of Se in plasma and the activity of glutathione peroxidase (GPx) in the blood of dairy cows during peripartal period and their effect on the reduction of clinical mastitis. From a 220 individuals Holstein herd in a two-four lactation-gestation cycle the control group (C), 1st (D1) and 2nd (D2) experimental group were selected. Every group consisted of 15 cows in the last phase of the pregnancy. All cows were fed with the diet containing 0.1 mg of Se per kg/DM. The blood samples from vena jugularis were collected approximately 21 days before calving (control sampling), 3 days, 12 days and 21 days after calving. On the day of control sampling and 12 days before calving in D1 group, cows were injected subcutaneously in the sprescapular region with preparation Selevit inj. a.u.v. at the doses of 48.4 mg/head of Se, and 550 IU/head of α-Tocoferol (α-Toc). In D2 group, cows were injected by the same preparation only on 21th day before calving with the same doses of Se and α-Toc. The increase in the concentration of Se in the plasma and activity GPx in blood in D1 group on the 3rd day and 12th day after calving were determined. Increase in plasmatic concentrations α-Toc on 3rd day after calving and reduction of occurrence of clinical mastitis (13.3%) as compared with control group were found

scholarly journals Evaluation of stress in laboratory rabbits used for teaching purposes

2019 ◽  
Vol 88 (2) ◽  
pp. 249-255
Author(s):  
Monika Urbanová ◽  
Eva Kramářová ◽  
Jan Chloupek ◽  
Martina Najmanová
Keyword(s):  
Oryctolagus Cuniculus ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Health Examination ◽  
Pharmaceutical Sciences ◽  
Blood Samples ◽  
Habituation Process ◽  
Biochemical Indices ◽  
The University ◽  
And Control ◽  
Experimental Group

This study was intended as a contribution to the argument about possible suffering of animals used for demonstrative purposes during teaching at universities. Pharmacology lectures at the University of Veterinary and Pharmaceutical Sciences Brno, Czech Republic were selected for this experiment. The study focused on stress assessment using haematological and biochemical indices. Blood samples were drawn from 20 rabbits (Oryctolagus cuniculus f. domesticus L.) 10 days after arrival at the institute (before the first practical lesson), and then in the 7th and 12th weeks of the semester with practical lessons. The haematological and biochemical indices were compared between the experimental group (n = 10) used for practical demonstrations and the control group (n = 10) which was kept in its hutch. Practical lessons included manipulation with rabbits, health examination, topical or total application and observation of the drugs’ effects. All the acts were carried out by students. Significant changes were detected in some of haematological (erythrocytes, haemoglobin, haematocrit) and biochemical (glucose, total protein, enzymes aspartate aminotransferase and lactate dehydrogenase) variables compared to the control group. The values obtained from the last blood sampling indicate a possible habituation process in the experimental group between the 8th and 12th week. The results were compared between the experimental and control group and also with the results of other studies with different stressors. In conclusion, the stress the rabbits used for teaching purposes at universities are exposed to, is tolerable.

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