scholarly journals Comparative Ecophysiological Study of Salt Stress for Wild and Cultivated Soybean Species from the Yellow River Delta, China

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-13 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gang Wu ◽  
Zhengda Zhou ◽  
Peng Chen ◽  
Xiaoli Tang ◽  
Hongbo Shao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Salt Stress ◽  
Yellow River ◽  
Glycine Soja ◽  
Wild Soybean ◽  
Yellow River Delta ◽  
Salt Resistance ◽  
Nacl Concentration ◽  
Relative Water ◽  
Cultivated Soybean ◽  
Almost All

Osmotic and ionic stresses were the primary and instant damage produced by salt stress. They can also bring about other secondary stresses. Soybean is an important economic crop and the wild soybean aroused increasing attention for its excellent performance in salt resistance. For this reason, we compared the different performances ofGlycine maxL. (ZH13) andGlycine sojaL. (BB52) in both young and mature seedlings, hoping to clarify the specific reasons. Our research revealed that, compared to the cultivated soybean, the wild soybean was able to maintain higher water potential and relative water content (RWC), accumulate more amount of proline and glycine betaine, reduce the contents of Na+and Cl−by faster efflux, and cut down the efflux of the K+as well as keep higher K+/Na+ratio. And what is more is that, almost all the excel behaviors became particularly obvious under higher NaCl concentration (300 mM). Therefore, according to all the detections and comparisons, we concluded that the wild soybean had different tolerance mechanisms and better salt resistance. It should be used as eminent germplasm resource to enhance the resistant ability of cultivated soybean or even other crops.

scholarly journals Genetic Control and Geo-Climate Adaptation of Pod Dehiscence Provide Novel Insights into Soybean Domestication

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 545-554 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jiaoping Zhang ◽  
Asheesh K. Singh
Keyword(s):  
Association Analysis ◽  
Climate Adaptation ◽  
Southern China ◽  
Glycine Soja ◽  
Wild Soybean ◽  
Candidate Gene Association ◽  
Genome Wide ◽  
Cultivated Soybean ◽  
Soybean Domestication ◽  
Pod Dehiscence

Loss of pod dehiscence was a key step in soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] domestication. Genome-wide association analysis for soybean shattering identified loci harboring Pdh1, NST1A and SHAT1-5. Pairwise epistatic interactions were observed, and the dehiscent Pdh1 overcomes resistance conferred by NST1A or SHAT1-5 locus. Further candidate gene association analysis identified a nonsense mutation in NST1A associated with pod dehiscence. Geographic analysis showed that in Northeast China (NEC), indehiscence at both Pdh1 and NST1A were required in cultivated soybean, while indehiscent Pdh1 alone is capable of preventing shattering in Huang-Huai-Hai (HHH) valleys. Indehiscent Pdh1 allele was only identified in wild soybean (Glycine soja L.) accession from HHH valleys suggesting that it may have originated in this region. No specific indehiscence was required in Southern China. Geo-climatic investigation revealed strong correlation between relative humidity and frequency of indehiscent Pdh1 across China. This study demonstrates that epistatic interaction between Pdh1 and NST1A fulfills a pivotal role in determining the level of resistance against pod dehiscence, and humidity shapes the distribution of indehiscent alleles. Our results give further evidence to the hypothesis that HHH valleys was at least one of the origin centers of cultivated soybean.

Microsatellite and amplified sequence length polymorphisms in cultivated and wild soybean

Genome ◽  
1995 ◽  
Vol 38 (4) ◽  
pp. 715-723 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. J. Maughan ◽  
M. A. Saghai Maroof ◽  
G. R. Buss
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Markers ◽  
Glycine Soja ◽  
Wild Soybean ◽  
Allelic Diversity ◽  
Sequence Length ◽  
Length Polymorphisms ◽  
Ssr Loci ◽  
Low Levels ◽  
Cultivated Soybean ◽  
Simple Sequence

The objectives of this study were to (i) assess the extent of genetic variation in soybean microsatellites (simple sequence repeats or SSRs), (ii) assay for amplified sequence length polymorphisms (ASLPs), and (iii) evaluate the usefulness of SSRs and ASLPs as genetic markers. Five microsatellites detected a total of 79 variants (alleles) in a sample of 94 accessions of wild (Glycine soja) and cultivated soybean (G. max). F2 segregation analysis of four of the five microsatellites identified these variants (alleles) with four loci located in independent linkage groups. The number of alleles per microsatellite locus ranged from 5 to 21; to our knowledge these are the largest numbers of alleles for single Mendelian loci reported in soybean. Allelic diversity for the SSR loci was greater in wild than in cultivated soybean. Overall, 43 more SSR alleles were detected in wild than in cultivated soybean. These results indicate that SSRs are the marker of choice, especially for species with low levels of variation as detected by other types of markers. Two alleles were detected at each of the three ASLP loci examined. A total of six ASLP alleles were observed in cultivated soybean and five were observed in wild soybean; all alleles detected in wild soybean were present in cultivated soybean. Allelic diversity values for the ASLP loci were near previous estimates for restriction fragment length polymorphisms and therefore ASLPs may be useful as genetic markers in site-directed mapping.Key words: microsatellite, simple sequence repeat, soybean, amplified sequence length polymorphism, genetic mapping.

Conservation of leghemoglobin heterogeneity and structures in cultivated and wild soybean

1985 ◽  
Vol 63 (11) ◽  
pp. 1951-1956 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. H. Fuchsman ◽  
R. G. Palmer
Keyword(s):  
Glycine Max ◽  
Isoelectric Focusing ◽  
Bradyrhizobium Japonicum ◽  
Glycine Soja ◽  
Wild Soybean ◽  
Rhizobium Japonicum ◽  
Plant Introductions ◽  
Glycine Max L ◽  
Cultivated Soybean ◽  
Selection Of

The leghemoglobins from a genetically diverse selection of 69 cultivated soybean (Glycine max (L.) Merr.) cultivars and plant introductions and 18 wild soybean (Glycine soja Sieb. & Zucc.) plant introductions all consist of the same set of major leghemoglobins (a, c1, c2, c3), as determined by analytical isoelectric focusing. The conservation of both leghemoglobin heterogeneity and also all four major leghemoglobin structures provides strong circumstantial evidence that leghemoglobin heterogeneity is functional. Glycine max and G. soja produced the same leghemoglobins in the presence of Bradyrhizobium japonicum (Kirchner) Jordan and in the presence of fast-growing Rhizobium japonicum.

scholarly journals The Root Nodule Microbiome of Cultivated and Wild Halophytic Legumes Showed Similar Diversity but Distinct Community Structure in Yellow River Delta Saline Soils

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 207 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yanfen Zheng ◽  
Jing Liang ◽  
Dong-Lin Zhao ◽  
Chen Meng ◽  
Zong-Chang Xu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Root Nodule ◽  
Yellow River ◽  
Glycine Soja ◽  
Bacterial Species ◽  
Yellow River Delta ◽  
River Delta ◽  
Saline Soils ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Principal Coordinates Analysis ◽  
Principal Coordinates

Symbiotic associations between leguminous plants and their nodule microbiome play a key role in sustainable agriculture by facilitating the fixation of atmospheric nitrogen and enhancing plant stress resistance. This study aimed to decipher the root nodule microbiome of two halophytic legumes, Sesbania cannabina and Glycine soja, which grow in saline soils of the Yellow River Delta, China, using PacBio’s circular consensus sequencing for full-length bacterial 16S rRNA gene to obtain finer taxonomic information. The cultivated legume Glycine max was used for comparison. We identified 18 bacterial genera and 55 species in nodule samples, which mainly classified to Proteobacteria, and rhizobial genus Ensifer was the predominant group. The three legumes showed similarity in operational taxonomic unit (OTU) diversity but distinction in OTU richness, indicating that they harbor similar bacterial species with different relative contents. The results of principal coordinates analysis and ANOSIM tests indicated that G. soja and G. max have similar nodule bacterial communities, and these communities differ from that of S. cannabina. Wild legumes S. cannabina and G. soja both harbored a higher number of rhizobia, while G. max possessed more non-rhizobial bacteria. These differences could be associated with their adaptability to saline–alkali stress and revealed clues on the nodule endophytes with relative importance of culturable rhizobial symbionts.

scholarly journals Overexpression of Peroxidase Gene GsPRX9 Confers Salt Tolerance in Soybean

2019 ◽  
Vol 20 (15) ◽  
pp. 3745 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ting Jin ◽  
Yangyang Sun ◽  
Ranran Zhao ◽  
Zhong Shan ◽  
Junyi Gai ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Salt Stress ◽  
Salt Tolerance ◽  
Glycine Soja ◽  
Primary Root ◽  
Wild Soybean ◽  
Plant Tolerance ◽  
Salt Tolerant ◽  
Fresh Weight ◽  
Peroxidase Gene

Peroxidases play prominent roles in antioxidant responses and stress tolerance in plants; however, their functions in soybean tolerance to salt stress remain unclear. Here, we investigated the role of a peroxidase gene from the wild soybean (Glycine soja), GsPRX9, in soybean tolerance to salt stress. GsPRX9 gene expression was induced by salt treatment in the roots of both salt-tolerant and -sensitive soybean varieties, and its relative expression level in the roots of salt-tolerant soybean varieties showed a significantly higher increase than in salt-sensitive varieties after NaCl treatment, suggesting its possible role in soybean response to salt stress. GsPRX9-overexpressing yeast (strains of INVSc1 and G19) grew better than the control under salt and H2O2 stress, and GsPRX9-overexpressing soybean composite plants showed higher shoot fresh weight and leaf relative water content than control plants after NaCl treatment. Moreover, the GsPRX9-overexpressing soybean hairy roots had higher root fresh weight, primary root length, activities of peroxidase and superoxide dismutase, and glutathione level, but lower H2O2 content than those in control roots under salt stress. These findings suggest that the overexpression of the GsPRX9 gene enhanced the salt tolerance and antioxidant response in soybean. This study would provide new insights into the role of peroxidase in plant tolerance to salt stress.

scholarly journals Effects of Irrigating with Brackish Water on Soil Moisture, Soil Salinity, and the Agronomic Response of Winter Wheat in the Yellow River Delta

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (20) ◽  
pp. 5801 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wang ◽  
Xu ◽  
Pang
Keyword(s):  
Soil Moisture ◽  
Salt Stress ◽  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Fresh Water ◽  
Soil Salinity ◽  
Brackish Water ◽  
Yellow River ◽  
Yellow River Delta ◽  
River Delta ◽  
Filling Stage

Water shortages due to low precipitation and seawater intrusion in the Lower China Yellow River Delta have occurred in recent years. Exploiting underground brackish water through well drilling is a potential alternative way to satisfy the demand for agricultural irrigation. However, how to successfully use brackish water for irrigation has become a new problem to solve. A two-year field experiment was conducted in this typical saline-alkaline region to investigate the effects of irrigating with brackish water on the soil water-salt dynamics, and the physiological response of winter wheat to drought-salt stress. The experiment was laid out in a randomized block design with three replications according to the quantity (160 mm and 240 mm) and quality (fresh water and brackish water with a salt concentration of 3 g L-1) of irrigation water: T1 was 240 mm of fresh water, T2 was 160 mm of fresh water, T3 was 80 mm of fresh water and 160 mm of brackish water, and T4 was 80 mm of fresh water and 80 mm of brackish water. The results showed that the soil moisture of T3 was almost the same as T1 after the harvest of winter wheat each year, therefore, irrigating with brackish water can maintain soil moisture while saving fresh water resources. After two years, the soil salinity of each treatment increased by 0.307, 0.406, 0.383, and 0.889 g kg-1, respectively. During the jointing-flowering stage, salt stress has a significant inhibitory effect on photosynthesis; T3 and T4 were lower than T1 and T2 in terms of plant height and dry weight. During the filling stage, because the effect of drought stress is more serious than that of salt stress, the photosynthesis of T3 was greater than that of T2 and T4. For both years, the yield of crops followed the rank order T1 > T3 > T2 > T4. Compared with irrigating with fresh water in T1, T3 changed the second and third irrigation into brackish water, however we did not find that soil salinity increased significantly, and this treatment was able to ensure crop growth during the filling stage. Therefore, the combination of fresh water (80 mm), then brackish water (80 mm), then brackish water (80 mm) is a feasible irrigation strategy in China's Yellow River Delta for winter wheat.

scholarly journals Variations in α–, β–Amylase and α–Glycosidase Activities in Two genotypes of Wheat Under NACL Salinity Stress

2014 ◽  
Vol 66 (1) ◽  
pp. 89-97 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chaffei Haouari Chiraz ◽  
Hajjaji Nasraoui Afef ◽  
Bouthour Donia ◽  
Gouia Houda
Keyword(s):  
Salt Stress ◽  
Water Status ◽  
Soluble Sugars ◽  
Germination Percentage ◽  
Soluble Carbohydrate ◽  
Inhibitory Effects ◽  
Total Soluble Sugars ◽  
Germination Process ◽  
Nacl Concentration ◽  
Relative Water

Abstract Two wheat differing in salt sensitivity, was examined for osmolyte contents and activities of α-amylase, β-amylase and α-glucosidase enzymes involved in seeds germination, in absence as well as in presence of 100, 150, 200 and 300 mM NaCl. The inhibitory effects of NaCl differed, depending on the species tested. In wild wheat specie (Triticum monococcum), with reduced germination percentage and lower relative water content, the increase in NaCl concentration resulted in the decrease in endogenous level of proline, total soluble sugars and activities of the main enzymes involved in the germination process. In contrast, cultivated wheat specie (Triticum aestivum) seed in response to salt stress accumulated higher proline and total soluble carbohydrate concentrations which improved their water status and the enzyme activities involved in the germination process. Differential response of the different species of wheat to salt stress is governed by the accumulation of osmolytes in seeds.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document