scholarly journals Synthesis, Characterization, and Osteoblastic Cell Culture of Poly(L-co-D,L-lactide-co-trimethylene carbonate) Scaffolds

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
André Dutra Messias ◽  
Kelly Fernanda Martins ◽  
Adriana Cristina Motta ◽  
Eliana Aparecida de Rezende Duek
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Engineering ◽  
Cell Culture ◽  
Glass Transition ◽  
Bone Tissue Engineering ◽  
Molar Mass ◽  
Bulk Polymerization ◽  
Osteoblastic Cell ◽  
Trimethylene Carbonate ◽  
Average Molar Mass ◽  
Copolymer Poly

Lactide-based polymers have been widely investigated as materials for tissue engineering. However, characteristics such as low flexibility and elongation tend to limit particular applications, although these can be enhanced by adding plasticizers such as trimethylene carbonate (TMC) to the polymer chain of the copolymer poly(L-lactide-co-D,L-lactide) (PLDLA). The aim of this work was to synthesize and characterize a terpolymer of L-lactide, D,L-lactide, and TMC. The polymers were synthesized from 30% TMC by bulk polymerization and resulted in an average molar mass >105 g/mol. Thermal investigation of PLDLA-TMC showed a decrease in the glass transition and onset temperatures compared to PLDLA. PLDLA-TMC scaffolds stimulated the proliferation and normal phenotypic manifestations of cultured osteoblasts. These results show that it was possible to produce a terpolymer from L-lactide, D,L-lactide, and TMC. Scaffolds of this terpolymer had important characteristics that could be useful for applications in bone tissue engineering.

scholarly journals Glass Transition in Crosslinked Nanocomposite Scaffolds of Gelatin/Chitosan/Hydroxyapatite

Polymers ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 642 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karina N. Catalan ◽  
Tomas P. Corrales ◽  
Juan C. Forero ◽  
Christian P. Romero ◽  
Cristian A. Acevedo
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Engineering ◽  
Glass Transition ◽  
Transition Temperature ◽  
Glass Transition Temperature ◽  
Bone Tissue Engineering ◽  
Bone Tissue ◽  
Mathematical Tool ◽  
Linear Behavior ◽  
Chitosan Scaffolds ◽  
Nanocomposite Scaffolds

The development of biopolymeric scaffolds crosslinked with nanoparticles is an emerging field. Gelatin/chitosan scaffolds are gaining interest in medical areas, e.g., bone tissue engineering, given their suitability for nano-hydroxyapatite incorporation. The glass transition temperature is a thermodynamic property of polymer scaffolds that changes with crosslinker or nanofiller concentration. Here, we report the experimental change in glass transition temperature of gelatin/chitosan scaffolds modified by hydroxyapatite nanoparticles and crosslinker concentration. Our results show synergic effects between nanoparticles and crosslinking, which leads to a non-linear behavior of the glass transition temperature. Furthermore, a theoretical model to predict glass transition is proposed. This model can be used as a mathematical tool for the design of future scaffolds used in bone tissue engineering.

Novel Electrospun Bicomponent Scaffolds for Bone Tissue Engineering: Fabrication, Characterization and Sustained Release of Growth Factor

2012 ◽  
Vol 1418 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chong Wang ◽  
Min Wang ◽  
Xiao-Yan Yuan
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Engineering ◽  
Bone Tissue Engineering ◽  
Bone Tissue ◽  
Biological Tissues ◽  
Osteoblastic Cell ◽  
Burst Release ◽  
Electrospinning Technique ◽  
Initial Burst ◽  
Initial Burst Release

ABSTRACTElectrospinning is a versatile technique for fabricating three-dimensional (3D) nanofibrous scaffolds and the scaffolds have been found to elicit desirable cellular behavior for tissue regeneration because the nanofibrous structures mimic the nanofibrous extracellular matrix (ECM) of biological tissues. From the material point of view, the ECM of bone is a nanofibrous nanocomposite consisting of an organic matrix (mainly collagen) and inorganic bone apatite nanoparticles. Therefore, for bone tissue engineering scaffolds, it is natural to construct nanofibrous nanocomposites having a biodegradable polymer matrix and nanosized bioactive bioceramics. Our previous studies demonstrated: (1) electrospun nanocomposite fiber loaded with calcium phosphate (Ca-P) were osteoconductive and could promote osteoblastic cell proliferation and differentiation better than pure polymer fibers; (2) The controlled release of recombinant human bone morphogenetic protein (rhBMP-2) from scaffolds provided the scaffolds with desired osteoinductivity. In the current investigation, novel bicomponent scaffolds for bone tissue engineering were produced using our established dual-source dual-power electrospinning technique to achieve both osteoconductivity and osteoinductivity. In the bicomponent scaffolds, one fibrous component was electrospun Ca-P/PLGA nanocomposite fibers and the other component was emulsion electrospun PDLLA nanofibers incorporated with rhBMP-2. Through electrospinning optimization, both fibers were evenly distributed in bicomponent scaffolds. The mass ratio of rhBMP-2/PDLLA fibers to Ca-P/PLGA fibers in bicomponent scaffolds could be controlled using multiple syringes. The structure and morphology of mono- and bicomponent scaffolds were examined. The in vitro release of rhBMP-2 from mono- and bicomponent scaffolds showed different release amount but similar release profile, exhibiting an initial burst release. Blending PDLLA with polyethylene glycol (PEG) could reduce the initial burst release of rhBMP-2.

scholarly journals Triblock Copolymers Based on ε-Caprolactone and Trimethylene Carbonate for the 3D Printing of Tissue Engineering Scaffolds

2017 ◽  
Vol 40 (4) ◽  
pp. 176-184 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aysun Güney ◽  
Jos Malda ◽  
Wouter J.A. Dhert ◽  
Dirk W. Grijpma
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Engineering ◽  
Glass Transition ◽  
3D Printing ◽  
Melting Temperature ◽  
Triblock Copolymers ◽  
Ethylene Carbonate ◽  
Porous Structures ◽  
Trimethylene Carbonate ◽  
Tissue Engineering Scaffolds ◽  
Slow Cooling

Background Biodegradable PCL- b-PTMC- b-PCL triblock copolymers based on trimethylene carbonate (TMC) and ε-caprolactone (CL) were prepared and used in the 3D printing of tissue engineering scaffolds. Triblock copolymers of various molecular weights containing equal amounts of TMC and CL were prepared. These block copolymers combine the low glass transition temperature of amorphous PTMC (approximately -20°C) and the semi-crystallinity of PCL (glass transition approximately -60°C and melting temperature approximately 60°C). Methods PCL- b-PTMC- b-PCL triblock copolymers were synthesized by sequential ring opening polymerization (ROP) of TMC and ε-CL. From these materials, films were prepared by solvent casting and porous structures were prepared by extrusion-based 3D printing. Results Films prepared from a polymer with a relatively high molecular weight of 62 kg/mol had a melting temperature of 58°C and showed tough and resilient behavior, with values of the elastic modulus, tensile strength and elongation at break of approximately 120 MPa, 16 MPa and 620%, respectively. Porous structures were prepared by 3D printing. Ethylene carbonate was used as a crystalizable and water-extractable solvent to prepare structures with microporous strands. Solutions, containing 25 wt% of the triblock copolymer, were extruded at 50°C then cooled at different temperatures. Slow cooling at room temperature resulted in pores with widths of 18 ± 6 μm and lengths of 221 ± 77 μm, rapid cooling with dry ice resulted in pores with widths of 13 ± 3 μm and lengths of 58 ± 12 μm. These PCL- b-PTMC- b-PCL triblock copolymers processed into porous structures at relatively low temperatures may find wide application as designed degradable tissue engineering scaffolds. Conclusions In this preliminary study we prepared biodegradable triblock copolymers based on 1,3-trimethylene carbonate and ε-caprolactone and assessed their physical characteristics. Furthermore, we evaluated their potential as melt-processable thermoplastic elastomeric biomaterials in 3D printing of tissue engineering scaffolds.

Preparation and Properties on Silk Fibers Reinforced Hydroxyapatite/Chitosan Composites

2010 ◽  
Vol 105-106 ◽  
pp. 557-560 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jing Wang ◽  
Q.Z. Sun ◽  
Jing Gao ◽  
D.M. Liu ◽  
Xiang Cai Meng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Engineering ◽  
Cell Culture ◽  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Bone Tissue Engineering ◽  
Bone Tissue ◽  
Biological Properties ◽  
X Rays ◽  
Silk Fibers ◽  
Initial Strength ◽  
Scaffold Materials

Silk fibers were introduced into hydroxyapatite(HA)/chitosan(CS) matrix to prepare scaffold materials of bone tissue engineering with the adequate initial strength and improved cellular affinity using combination of in situ synthesis and freeze-drying technique. Chemical component was investigated using X rays diffraction (XRD) and Fourier transform infrared spectrum (FTIR). Structure and morphology of the composites were observed by scanning electron microscope (SEM). Porosity was tested by liquid substitution method. The mechanical properties of the composites were also measured. The simulated body fluid (SBF) and the cell culture experiments were conducted to assess biological properties of the composites. Results show that the composites with a pore size of 100~250μm have a porosity of 75%~90%and the maximum compressive strength of 5.7 MPa. The compressive strength of the composite is greatly improved in comparison with that of HA/CS matrix (4.6 MPa). In the SBF tests, a layer of randomly oriented apatite crystals form on the scaffold surface after sample immersion in SBF. The cell culture experiments show that the osteoblast cells are attached and proliferated on the surface of the composite, which suggests good bioactivity and cellular compatibility of the composite material. It is concluded that the composites have a promising prospect as bone tissue engineering materials.

scholarly journals Calcium Carbonate/Gelatin Methacrylate Microspheres for 3D Cell Culture in Bone Tissue Engineering

2020 ◽  
Vol 26 (8) ◽  
pp. 418-432
Author(s):  
Pengwei Xu ◽  
Fuliang Jiang ◽  
Hongbo Zhang ◽  
Ruixue Yin ◽  
Lian Cen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Engineering ◽  
Cell Culture ◽  
Calcium Carbonate ◽  
Bone Tissue Engineering ◽  
Bone Tissue ◽  
3D Cell Culture

Effective Cell Seeding and Three-Dimensional Cell Culture for Bone Tissue Engineering

2014 ◽  
Vol 4 (7) ◽  
pp. 573-578 ◽  
Author(s):  
Min Hwei Ng ◽  
Shiplu Roy Chowdhury ◽  
Mahboob Morshed ◽  
Kok Keong Tan ◽  
Guan Huat Tan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Engineering ◽  
Cell Culture ◽  
Bone Tissue Engineering ◽  
Bone Tissue ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Cell Seeding ◽  
Dimensional Cell

scholarly journals Dynamic cell culture on calcium phosphate microcarriers for bone tissue engineering applications

2014 ◽  
Vol 5 ◽  
pp. 204173141454396 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roman A Perez ◽  
Kiara Riccardi ◽  
George Altankov ◽  
Maria-Pau Ginebra
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Engineering ◽  
Cell Culture ◽  
Calcium Phosphate ◽  
Bone Tissue Engineering ◽  
Bone Tissue ◽  
Engineering Applications ◽  
Dynamic Cell
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