scholarly journals Phenotypic Characterization of TransgenicMiscanthus sinensisPlants OverexpressingArabidopsisPhytochrome B

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ok-Jin Hwang ◽  
Soo-Hyun Lim ◽  
Yun-Jeong Han ◽  
Ah-Young Shin ◽  
Do-Soon Kim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Transgenic Plants ◽  
Herbicide Resistance ◽  
Blot Analysis ◽  
Red Light ◽  
Transformation Method ◽  
Phenotypic Characterization ◽  
Selection Marker ◽  
Miscanthus Sinensis ◽  
Phytochrome B ◽  
Agricultural Performance

Phytochromes are dimeric pigment proteins with reversible photochromism between red and far-red light-absorbing forms. They are photoreceptors that regulate various aspects of plant growth and development and have been used for biotechnological applications to improve agricultural performance of crops.Miscanthusspecies have been suggested as one of the most promising energy crops. In this paper,Arabidopsisphytochrome B(PHYB)gene was introduced intoMiscanthus sinensisusingAgrobacterium-mediated transformation method that we developed recently, with the herbicide resistance gene(BAR)as a selection marker. After putative transgenic plants were selected using the herbicide resistance assay, genomic integration of the transgene was confirmed by genomic PCR and Southern blot analysis, and transgene expression was validated by Northern blot analysis. Compared to nontransformed control plants, transgenic plants overexpressingPHYBshowed phenotypes with increased phytochrome B function, which includes increased chlorophyll content, decreased plant height, and delayed flowering. Therefore, these results suggest thatArabidopsisphytochrome B is functional inM. sinensisand provide a method to developMiscanthusvarieties with enhanced agricultural performance using phytochromes.

scholarly journals ptxD/Phi as alternative selectable marker system for genetic transformation for bio-safety concerns: a review

PeerJ ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
pp. e11809
Author(s):  
Richard Dormatey ◽  
Chao Sun ◽  
Kazim Ali ◽  
Sajid Fiaz ◽  
Derong Xu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Transgenic Plants ◽  
Genetic Transformation ◽  
Herbicide Resistance ◽  
Selectable Marker ◽  
Selection Marker ◽  
Marker Genes ◽  
Selection System ◽  
Efficient System ◽  
Marker System ◽  
Selectable Marker Genes

Antibiotic and herbicide resistance genes are the most common marker genes for plant transformation to improve crop yield and food quality. However, there is public concern about the use of resistance marker genes in food crops due to the risk of potential gene flow from transgenic plants to compatible weedy relatives, leading to the possible development of “superweeds” and antibiotic resistance. Several selectable marker genes such as aph, nptII, aaC3, aadA, pat, bar, epsp and gat, which have been synthesized to generate transgenic plants by genetic transformation, have shown some limitations. These marker genes, which confer antibiotic or herbicide resistance and are introduced into crops along with economically valuable genes, have three main problems: selective agents have negative effects on plant cell proliferation and differentiation, uncertainty about the environmental effects of many selectable marker genes, and difficulty in performing recurrent transformations with the same selectable marker to pyramid desired genes. Recently, a simple, novel, and affordable method was presented for plant cells to convert non-metabolizable phosphite (Phi) to an important phosphate (Pi) for developing cells by gene expression encoding a phosphite oxidoreductase (PTXD) enzyme. The ptxD gene, in combination with a selection medium containing Phi as the sole phosphorus (P) source, can serve as an effective and efficient system for selecting transformed cells. The selection system adds nutrients to transgenic plants without potential risks to the environment. The ptxD/Phi system has been shown to be a promising transgenic selection system with several advantages in cost and safety compared to other antibiotic-based selection systems. In this review, we have summarized the development of selection markers for genetic transformation and the potential use of the ptxD/Phi scheme as an alternative selection marker system to minimize the future use of antibiotic and herbicide marker genes.

scholarly journals Arabidopsis Phytochrome B Promotes SPA1 Nuclear Accumulation to Repress Photomorphogenesis under Far-Red Light

2013 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
pp. 115-133 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xu Zheng ◽  
Suowei Wu ◽  
Huqu Zhai ◽  
Peng Zhou ◽  
Meifang Song ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Red Light ◽  
Nuclear Accumulation ◽  
Phytochrome B

scholarly journals Interactive Effects of Light Quality and Temperature on Arabidopsis Growth and Immunity

2020 ◽  
Vol 61 (5) ◽  
pp. 933-941
Author(s):  
Xiaoying Liu ◽  
Chunmei Xue ◽  
Le Kong ◽  
Ruining Li ◽  
Zhigang Xu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Disease Resistance ◽  
Blue Light ◽  
Light Quality ◽  
Red Light ◽  
Complex Interaction ◽  
Hypocotyl Elongation ◽  
Interactive Effects ◽  
Phytochrome B ◽  
Light Conditions ◽  
Effects Of Temperature

Abstract We report here the interactive effects of three light qualities (white, red and blue) and three growth temperatures (16�C, 22�C and 28�C) on rosette growth, hypocotyl elongation and disease resistance in Arabidopsis thaliana. While an increase in temperature promotes hypocotyl elongation irrespective of light quality, the effects of temperature on rosette growth and disease resistance are dependent on light quality. Maximum rosette growth rate under white, red and blue light are observed at 28�C, 16�C and 22�C, respectively. The highest disease resistance is observed at 16�C under all three light conditions, but the highest susceptibility is observed at 28�C for white light and 22�C for red and blue light. Interestingly, rosette growth is inhibited by phytochrome B (PHYB) under blue light at 28�C and by cryptochromes (CRYs) under red light at 16�C. In addition, disease resistance is inhibited by PHYB under blue light and promoted by CRYs under red light. Therefore, this study reveals a complex interaction between light and temperature in modulating rosette growth and disease resistance as well as the contribution of PHYB and CRY to disease resistance.

scholarly journals Light Gradient-Based Screening of Arabidopsis thaliana on a 384-Well Type Plant Array Chip

Micromachines ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 191
Author(s):  
Youn-Hee Park ◽  
Je-Kyun Park
Keyword(s):  
Arabidopsis Thaliana ◽  
White Light ◽  
Solid Medium ◽  
Red Light ◽  
Phytochrome B ◽  
Wild Type ◽  
Light Gradient ◽  
Gradient Based ◽  
Light Effects ◽  
Germination And Growth

Arabidopsis thaliana (Arabidopsis), as a model for plant research, is widely used for various aspects of plant science. To provide a more sophisticated and microscopic environment for the germination and growth of Arabidopsis, we report a 384-well type plant array chip in which each Arabidopsis seed is independently seeded in a solid medium. The plant array chip is made of a poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) acrylic material and is assembled with a home-made light gradient module to investigate the light effects that significantly affect the germination and growth of Arabidopsis. The light gradient module was used to observe the growth pattern of seedlings according to the intensity of the white light and to efficiently screen for the influence of the white light. To investigate the response to red light (600 nm), which stimulates seed germination, the light gradient module was also applied to the germination test. As a result, the germination results showed that the plant array chip can be used to simultaneously screen wild type seeds and phytochrome B mutant seeds on a single array chip according to the eight red light intensities.

scholarly journals Arabidopsis chloroplast J protein DJC75/CRRJ mediates nitrate-promoted seed germination in the dark

2020 ◽  
Vol 125 (7) ◽  
pp. 1091-1099
Author(s):  
Huai-Syuan Ciou ◽  
Yu-Lun Tsai ◽  
Chi-Chou Chiu
Keyword(s):  
Arabidopsis Thaliana ◽  
Seed Germination ◽  
Germination Rate ◽  
Red Light ◽  
Phytochrome B ◽  
Biosynthetic Gene ◽  
Unknown Mechanism ◽  
J Domain ◽  
Domain Protein ◽  
J Protein

Abstract Background and Aims Nitrate can stimulate seed germination of many plant species in the absence of light; however, the molecular mechanism of nitrate-promoted seed germination in the dark remains largely unclear and no component of this pathway has been identified yet. Here, we show that a plastid J-domain protein, DJC75/CRRJ, in arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) is important for nitrate-promoted seed germination in the dark. Methods The expression of DJC75 during imbibition in the dark was investigated. The seed germination rate of mutants defective in DJC75 was determined in the presence of nitrate when light cues for seed germination were eliminated by the treatment of imbibed seeds with a pulse of far-red light to inactivate phytochrome B (phyB), or by assaying germination in the dark with seeds harbouring the phyB mutation. The germination rates of mutants defective in CRRL, a J-like protein related to DJC75, and in two chloroplast Hsp70s were also measured in the presence of nitrate in darkness. Key Results DJC75 was expressed during seed imbibition in the absence of light. Mutants defective in DJC75 showed seed germination defects in the presence of nitrate when light cues for seed germination were eliminated. Mutants defective in CRRL and in two chloroplast Hsp70s also exhibited similar seed germination defects. Upregulation of gibberellin biosynthetic gene GA3ox1 expression by nitrate in imbibed phyB mutant seeds was diminished when DJC75 was knocked out. Conclusions Our data suggest that plastid J-domain protein DJC75 regulates nitrate-promoted seed germination in the dark by upregulation of expression of the gibberellin biosynthetic gene GA3ox1 through an unknown mechanism and that DJC75 may work in concert with chloroplast Hsp70s to regulate nitrate-promoted seed germination. DJC75 is the first pathway component identified for nitrate-promoted seed germination in the dark.

scholarly journals Deconstructing and repurposing the light-regulated interplay between Arabidopsis phytochromes and interacting factors

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
David Golonka ◽  
Patrick Fischbach ◽  
Siddhartha G. Jena ◽  
Julius R. W. Kleeberg ◽  
Lars-Oliver Essen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mammalian Cells ◽  
Red Light ◽  
Interaction Data ◽  
Phytochrome B ◽  
Adaptive Responses ◽  
Membrane Recruitment ◽  
C Terminus ◽  
Regulated Gene Expression ◽  
Insight Into ◽  
Differential Affinity

AbstractPhytochrome photoreceptors mediate adaptive responses of plants to red and far-red light. These responses generally entail light-regulated association between phytochromes and other proteins, among them the phytochrome-interacting factors (PIF). The interaction with Arabidopsis thaliana phytochrome B (AtPhyB) localizes to the bipartite APB motif of the A. thaliana PIFs (AtPIF). To address a dearth of quantitative interaction data, we construct and analyze numerous AtPIF3/6 variants. Red-light-activated binding is predominantly mediated by the APB N-terminus, whereas the C-terminus modulates binding and underlies the differential affinity of AtPIF3 and AtPIF6. We identify AtPIF variants of reduced size, monomeric or homodimeric state, and with AtPhyB affinities between 10 and 700 nM. Optogenetically deployed in mammalian cells, the AtPIF variants drive light-regulated gene expression and membrane recruitment, in certain cases reducing basal activity and enhancing regulatory response. Moreover, our results provide hitherto unavailable quantitative insight into the AtPhyB:AtPIF interaction underpinning vital light-dependent responses in plants.

An Efficient Transformation Method to Regenerate a High Number of Transgenic Plants Using a New Embryogenic Line of Medicago truncatula cv. Jemalong

2004 ◽  
Vol 78 (2) ◽  
pp. 123-131 ◽  
Author(s):  
Susana de Sousa Araújo ◽  
Ana Sofia Roldão Lopes Amaral Duque ◽  
Dulce Maria Metelo Fernandes dos Santos ◽  
Manuel Pedro Salema Fevereiro
Keyword(s):  
Transgenic Plants ◽  
Medicago Truncatula ◽  
Transformation Method ◽  
Efficient Transformation ◽  
Embryogenic Line

Response of the photosynthetic apparatus to UV-A and red light in the phytochrome B-deficient Arabidopsis thaliana L. hy3 mutant

2016 ◽  
Vol 54 (3) ◽  
pp. 321-330 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. D. Kreslavski ◽  
F. J. Schmitt ◽  
C. Keuer ◽  
T. Friedrich ◽  
G. N. Shirshikova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Arabidopsis Thaliana ◽  
Red Light ◽  
Photosynthetic Apparatus ◽  
Phytochrome B

Herbicide Resistance in Transgenic Plants through Degradation of the Phytotoxin to Urea

1991 ◽  
Vol 30 (10) ◽  
pp. 1314-1315 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ursula H. Maier-Greiner ◽  
Christian B. A. Klaus ◽  
Lydia M. Estermaier ◽  
Guido R. Hartmann
Keyword(s):  
Transgenic Plants ◽  
Herbicide Resistance

Herbicide Resistance in Transgenic Plants Expressing a Bacterial Detoxification Gene

Science ◽  
1988 ◽  
Vol 242 (4877) ◽  
pp. 419-423 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. M. STALKER ◽  
K. E. MCBRIDE ◽  
L. D. MALYJ
Keyword(s):  
Transgenic Plants ◽  
Herbicide Resistance ◽  
Detoxification Gene
Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document