scholarly journals Pneumomediastinum Associated with Pneumopericardium and Epidural Pneumatosis

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-4 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ozlem Bilir ◽  
Ozcan Yavasi ◽  
Gokhan Ersunan ◽  
Kamil Kayayurt ◽  
Baris Giakoup
Keyword(s):  
Chest Wall ◽  
Subcutaneous Emphysema ◽  
Specific Treatment ◽  
Pediatric Intensive Care ◽  
Anterior Chest Wall ◽  
Benign Condition ◽  
Spontaneous Pneumomediastinum ◽  
Life Threatening ◽  
Lateral Chest ◽  
Physical Findings

Spontaneous pneumomediastinum is a relatively rare benign condition. It may rarely be associated with one or combination of pneumothorax, epidural pneumatosis, pneumopericardium, or subcutaneous emphysema. We present a unique case with four of the radiological findings in a 9-year-old male child who presented to our emergency department with his parents with complaints of unproductive cough, dyspnea, and swelling on chest wall. Bilateral subcutaneous emphysema was palpated on anterior chest wall from sternum to midaxillary regions. His anteroposterior and lateral chest radiogram revealed subcutaneous emphysema and pneumomediastinum. His thorax computed tomography to rule out life-threatening conditions revealed bilateral subcutaneous, mediastinal, pericardial, and epidural emphysema without pneumothorax. He was transferred to pediatric intensive care unit for close monitorization and conservative treatment. He was followed-up by chest radiographs. He was relieved from symptoms and signs around the fifth day and he was discharged at the seventh day. Diagnosis of pneumomediastinum is often made based on physical findings and plain radiographs. It may not be as catastrophic as it is seen. Close cardiopulmonary monitorization is mandatory for complications and accompanying conditions. Most patients with uncomplicated spontaneous pneumomediastinum respond well to oxygen and conservative management without any specific treatment.

Cervicofacial Emphysema Secondary to Facebow Injury: A Case Report

2009 ◽  
Vol 33 (4) ◽  
pp. 333-336
Author(s):  
Marco Cicciù ◽  
Giovanni Battista Grossi ◽  
Mario Beretta ◽  
Davide Farronato ◽  
Concetta Scalfaro ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Case Report ◽  
Soft Tissue ◽  
Subcutaneous Emphysema ◽  
Clinical Case ◽  
Dental Procedure ◽  
Life Threatening ◽  
Facial Area ◽  
Orthodontic Device ◽  
Physical Findings

Aim: To report the clinical case of a child with facial and periorbital emphysema caused by an orthodontic device. Case report: An 11-year-old child presented to our clinic showing moderate swelling of the left facial area. Based on his dental history, physical findings, and instrument examinations, the diagnosis of cervicofacial emphysema was established, caused by disengagement of the facebow. One week later, all swelling and crepitus had disappeared without complications. Most patients who develop subcutaneous emphysema after a dental procedure have only moderate local swelling, which normally resolves spontaneously and without complications within a week. However, the spread of large amounts of air into the deeper spaces may cause life-threatening sequelae. Conclusions: Orthodontists should be aware that the use of extraoral traction applied via a facebow can cause soft tissue injures and emphysema of the cervicofacial region. It is important to avoid misdiagnosis and to appropriately inform patient and parents about this condition.

scholarly journals Spontaneous Pneumomediastinum from Running Sprints

2010 ◽  
Vol 2010 ◽  
pp. 1-4 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joseph W. Turban
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Lung Cancer ◽  
Asthma Exacerbation ◽  
Rare Condition ◽  
Intrathoracic Pressure ◽  
Benign Condition ◽  
Spontaneous Pneumomediastinum ◽  
Free Air ◽  
Life Threatening ◽  
Intense Physical Activity

Spontaneous pneumomediastinum (SPM) is a fairly rare condition, caused by increased intrathoracic pressure, leading to free air in the mediastinal structures. Underlying lung conditions are associated with increased incidence of SPM, including asthma, interstitial lung disease, pneumonia, bullous lung, and radiation therapy for lung cancer. It is often preceded by Valsalva maneuvers, vomiting, coughing, asthma exacerbation, sneezing, childbirth, or intense physical activity. A case of SPM is presented in a 15-year-old male, who complained of throat pain and dyspnea while running sprints at football practice. Workup revealed SPM, and he was subsequently admitted and treated conservatively. His symptoms resolved in 2 days and he was discharged and suffered no further recurrences. In contrast to secondary pneumomediastinum, SPM is usually a benign condition although life-threatening conditions can rarely arise. Differentiating between these two conditions has important prognostic indications. There is a paucity of prospectively collected data regarding SPM, and considerable variation in recommendations concerning the extent of workup.

Surgical Management of Chest Wall Tuberculosis

2009 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 33-39 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alper Gözübüyük ◽  
Berkant Özpolat ◽  
Sedat Gürkök ◽  
Hasan Çaylak ◽  
Orhan Yücel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Differential Diagnosis ◽  
Soft Tissue ◽  
Pulmonary Tuberculosis ◽  
Chest Wall ◽  
Extrapulmonary Tuberculosis ◽  
Anterior Chest Wall ◽  
The World ◽  
Lateral Chest ◽  
Antituberculous Chemotherapy ◽  
Parallel Fashion

Objective: Tuberculosis remains one of the most fatal diseases in the world. Extrapulmonary tuberculosis increases in parallel fashion with the rise of incidence of pulmonary tuberculosis. Tuberculosis of the chest wall is rare. Methods: Our study retrospectively evaluated 10 patients with tuberculosis of the chest wall who were treated with surgery in addition to antituberculous chemotherapy in the last 8 years. Seven of the lesions were located on the anterior chest wall, and three of the lesions were on the lateral chest wall. Results: Surgical therapy consisted of evacuation of the cold abscess material from the cavities and wide débridement of the soft tissue planes in all patients. Partial rib resections were performed in six patients owing to costal or chondral involvement. Conclusions: Chest wall tuberculosis must be considered in the differential diagnosis of chest wall lesions, especially in endemic areas.

scholarly journals Hamman’s Syndrome: A Rare Cause of Chest Pain in a Postpartum Patient

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-4 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniyeh Khurram ◽  
Brijesh Patel ◽  
M. Waseem Farra
Keyword(s):  
Subcutaneous Emphysema ◽  
Valsalva Maneuver ◽  
Diagnostic Technique ◽  
Rare Condition ◽  
Benign Condition ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Life Threatening ◽  
Subcutaneous Tissues ◽  
Chest X Ray ◽  
Tissue Diffusion

Hamman’s syndrome is a rare condition represented by spontaneous pneumomediastinum and subcutaneous emphysema. Excessive Valsalva maneuver during vaginal delivery and excessive retching, coughing, and straining are frequently reported causes. The incidence of Hamman’s syndrome is believed to be 1 in 100,000 deliveries. The pathophysiology of this condition is rupture of alveoli and seepage of air through bronchovascular connective tissue. Diffusion of air to subcutaneous tissues results in subcutaneous emphysema. In most cases, it is a benign condition and resolves spontaneously. In life-threatening cases, a cardiac tamponade can ensue. Chest X-ray is a useful early diagnostic technique. We report a case of a twenty-four-year-old female who was diagnosed with Hamman’s syndrome after prolonged, exhaustive labor.

scholarly journals Life Threatening Hemoperitoneum and Liver Injury as a Result of Chest Tube Thoracostomy

2015 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
pp. CCRep.S23139 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jung-Min Bae
Keyword(s):  
Liver Injury ◽  
Chest Wall ◽  
Subcutaneous Emphysema ◽  
Chest Tube ◽  
Rare Case ◽  
Rare Complication ◽  
Tube Thoracostomy ◽  
Review Of Literature ◽  
Life Threatening ◽  
Emergent Laparotomy

Common complications of chest tube thoracostomy (CTT) include lung laceration, chest wall bleeding, improper position of tube, subcutaneous emphysema, and so on. Although intra-abdominal injury because of CTT was possible in stomach, spleen, and liver, published reports are rare and no case of life-threatening hemoperitoneum because of CTT has been published in the literature. Here, we present a rare case of life-threatening hemoperitoneum and liver injury because of CTT. We successfully treated the case with emergent laparotomy. Owing to great rarity and particular rare complication of CTT, we report this case with a review of literature.

scholarly journals Peri-Myocardial Infarction Pericarditis: Current Concepts

2019 ◽  
pp. 23-26
Author(s):  
Gharacholou S Michael ◽  
Vaca-Cartagena F Bryan ◽  
Parikh P Pragnesh ◽  
Pollak M Peter ◽  
Bruce J Charles
Keyword(s):  
Myocardial Infarction ◽  
Management Strategy ◽  
Specific Treatment ◽  
The Self ◽  
Free Wall ◽  
Transthoracic Echocardiogram ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Imaging Findings ◽  
Benign Condition ◽  
Life Threatening

Peri-Myocardial Infarction Pericarditis (PMIP), or epistenocardiac pericarditis, has been considered a relatively benign condition occurring within a few days after Myocardial Infarction (MI). Although the condition usually does not require specific treatment, the finding of a pericardial friction rub in the post-MI patient does prompt a careful review of post-MI symptoms and test results, including dysrhythmia recordings, Electro-Cardio Grams (EKG), and the Transthoracic Echocardiogram (TTE) to exclude potentially life threatening post-MI mechanical complications such as free wall rupture. The auscultatory findings of a pericardial rub often represent a teaching opportunity for house staff and students, yet given the self-limited course of PMIP, very little is known regarding the mechanism, biology, imaging findings, and management strategy in patients with and without symptoms. We review the current understanding of PMIP for clinicians caring for post-MI patients.

scholarly journals Spontaneous Pneumomediastinum with a Rare Presentation

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-3 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ehsan Bolvardi ◽  
Elham Pishbin ◽  
Mohsen Ebrahimi ◽  
Azadeh Mahmoudi Gharaee ◽  
Farhad Bagherian
Keyword(s):  
Subcutaneous Emphysema ◽  
Vital Signs ◽  
Physical Exertion ◽  
Rare Presentation ◽  
Benign Condition ◽  
Spontaneous Pneumomediastinum ◽  
Free Air ◽  
Close Observation ◽  
Chest Examination ◽  
History Of

Spontaneous pneumomediastinum is an unusual and benign condition in which air is present in mediastinum. A 20-year-old male patient presented to ED with complaint of hoarseness and odynophagia from the day before, after weightlifting. The patient was nonsmoker and denied history of other diseases. On physical examination he had no dyspnea with normal vital signs. Throat examination and pulmonary auscultation were normal and no crepitation was palpable. We could not find subcutaneous emphysema in neck and chest examination. In neck and chest X-ray we found that air is present around the trachea. There was no apparent pneumothorax in CXR. In cervical and chest CT free air was present around trachea and in mediastinum. Subcutaneous emphysema was also evident. But there was no pneumothorax. The patient was admitted and went under close observation, oxygen therapy, and analgesic. The pneumomediastinum and subcutaneous emphysema gradually resolved within a week by conservative therapy and he was discharged without any complication. Many different conditions could be trigged because of pneumomediastinum but it is rarely seen in intense physical exertion such as weightlifting and bodybuilding. Two most common symptoms are retrosternal chest pain and dyspnea. But the patient here complained of hoarseness and odynophagia.

Patients’ experience of portacaths in cystic fibrosis: questionnaire-based study

2015 ◽  
Vol 100 (7) ◽  
pp. 659-661 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lynne A McIntosh ◽  
Gregor M Walker
Keyword(s):  
Cystic Fibrosis ◽  
Chest Wall ◽  
Anterior Chest Wall ◽  
Only Children ◽  
Assess Patient Satisfaction ◽  
Preoperative Information ◽  
Lateral Chest ◽  
Patients Experience ◽  
Cystic Fibrosis Questionnaire

Backgrounds and aimsPortacaths are regularly used in children with cystic fibrosis (CF). We aimed to assess patient satisfaction with lateral chest wall portacaths in children with CF.MethodsAll children in a geographical region with CF and portacath in situ were identified. Site of chest wall placement was identified on X-ray; only children with lateral chest wall portacaths were sent questionnaires. Data collected included preoperative information, cosmesis and interference with activities.ResultsOf the 46 patients identified, 42 had lateral chest wall ports. 25 of this 42(60%) submitted their questionnaires. 22(88%) were happy with preoperative information although only 8(32%) recall being offered choice of position. 23(92%) were satisfied with cosmesis. 2 patients reported problems with physiotherapy only with indwelling needles. 6(24%) patients had problems with clothing, 7(32%) with sports and 3(12%) with seatbelts.ConclusionsLateral chest wall portacaths are cosmetically acceptable. Impact on daily activities is less common than that reported with anterior chest wall placement.

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