scholarly journals Hamman’s Syndrome: A Rare Cause of Chest Pain in a Postpartum Patient

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-4 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniyeh Khurram ◽  
Brijesh Patel ◽  
M. Waseem Farra
Keyword(s):  
Subcutaneous Emphysema ◽  
Valsalva Maneuver ◽  
Diagnostic Technique ◽  
Rare Condition ◽  
Benign Condition ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Life Threatening ◽  
Subcutaneous Tissues ◽  
Chest X Ray ◽  
Tissue Diffusion

Hamman’s syndrome is a rare condition represented by spontaneous pneumomediastinum and subcutaneous emphysema. Excessive Valsalva maneuver during vaginal delivery and excessive retching, coughing, and straining are frequently reported causes. The incidence of Hamman’s syndrome is believed to be 1 in 100,000 deliveries. The pathophysiology of this condition is rupture of alveoli and seepage of air through bronchovascular connective tissue. Diffusion of air to subcutaneous tissues results in subcutaneous emphysema. In most cases, it is a benign condition and resolves spontaneously. In life-threatening cases, a cardiac tamponade can ensue. Chest X-ray is a useful early diagnostic technique. We report a case of a twenty-four-year-old female who was diagnosed with Hamman’s syndrome after prolonged, exhaustive labor.

scholarly journals Spontaneous Pneumomediastinum in Labor

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 ◽  
pp. 1-3 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohamed Adnane Berdai ◽  
Said Benlamkadem ◽  
Smael Labib ◽  
Mustapha Harandou
Keyword(s):  
Subcutaneous Emphysema ◽  
Valsalva Maneuver ◽  
Rare Complication ◽  
Diagnostic Technique ◽  
Second Stage Of Labor ◽  
Second Stage ◽  
Spontaneous Pneumomediastinum ◽  
Major Interest ◽  
Chest X Ray ◽  
Limiting Condition

Spontaneous pneumomediastinum and subcutaneous emphysema also known as Hamman’s syndrome is a very rare complication of labor that is often related to the valsalva maneuver during the labor. In most case, Hamman’s syndrome is a self-limiting condition, rarely complicated unless there are underlying respiratory diseases. Chest X-ray can be a useful early diagnostic technique in severe clinical presentation. We report an uneventful pregnancy in a primigravid parturient, which was complicated in the late second stage of labor by the development of subcutaneous emphysema, pneumomediastinum, and mild pneumothorax. Spontaneous recovery occurred after four days of conservative management. This condition shows the major interest of labor analgesia especially locoregional techniques.

scholarly journals Diagnosing gastric volvulus in chest X-ray: report of three cases

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 (7) ◽  
Author(s):  
Narendra Pandit ◽  
Abhijeet Kumar ◽  
Tek Narayan Yadav ◽  
Qamar Alam Irfan ◽  
Sujan Gautam ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Acute Abdomen ◽  
Gastric Volvulus ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Pain Abdomen ◽  
Life Threatening ◽  
Chest X Ray ◽  
High Index Of Suspicion ◽  
Specific Symptoms ◽  
Prompt Diagnosis

Abstract Gastric volvulus is a rare abnormal rotation of the stomach along its axis. It is a surgical emergency, hence requires prompt diagnosis and treatment to prevent life-threatening gangrenous changes. Hence, a high index of suspicion is required in any patients presenting with an acute abdomen in emergency. The entity can present acutely with pain abdomen and vomiting, or as chronic with non-specific symptoms. Chest X-ray findings to diagnose it may be overlooked in patients with acute abdomen. Here, we report three patients with gastric volvulus, where the diagnosis was based on the chest X-ray findings, confirmed with computed tomography, and managed successfully with surgery.

Life-threatening presentation of a parahiatal hernia after esophagectomy: a case report and review of the literature

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (6) ◽  
pp. e242158
Author(s):  
Camille Plourde ◽  
Émilie Comeau
Keyword(s):  
Small Bowel ◽  
Transverse Colon ◽  
Acute Abdominal Pain ◽  
Haemodynamic Instability ◽  
Acute Setting ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Left Diaphragm ◽  
Life Threatening ◽  
Chest X Ray ◽  
Obstructive Shock

A woman presented to our hospital with acute abdominal pain 7 months following an oesophagectomy. A chest X-ray revealed a new elevation of the left diaphragm. CT demonstrated a large left diaphragmatic hernia incarcerated with non-enhancing transverse colon and loops of small bowel. She deteriorated rapidly into obstructive shock and was urgently brought to the operating room for a laparotomy. The diaphragmatic orifice was identified in a left parahiatal position, consistent with a parahiatal hernia. Incarcerated necrotic transverse colon and ischaemic loops of small bowel were resected, and the diaphragmatic defect was closed primarily. Because of haemodynamic instability, the abdomen was temporarily closed, and a second look was performed 24 hours later, allowing anastomosis and definitive closure. Parahiatal hernias are rare complications following surgical procedures and can lead to devastating life-threatening complications, such as an obstructive shock. Expeditious diagnosis and management are required in the acute setting.

scholarly journals A dangerous pleural effusion

2010 ◽  
Vol 92 (5) ◽  
pp. e53-e54 ◽  
Author(s):  
Somprakas Basu ◽  
Shilpi Bhadani ◽  
Vijay K Shukla
Keyword(s):  
Rare Complication ◽  
Sudden Onset ◽  
Biliary Surgery ◽  
Biliary Leak ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Delay In Diagnosis ◽  
Aged Woman ◽  
Middle Aged Woman ◽  
Life Threatening ◽  
Chest X Ray

Bilothorax is a rare complication of biliary peritonitis and, if not treated promptly, can be life-threatening. We report a case of a middle-aged woman who had undergone a bilio-enteric bypass and subsequently a biliary leak developed, which finally led to intra-abdominal biliary collection and spontaneous bilothorax. The clinical course was rapid and mimicked venous thromboembolism, myocardial infarction and pulmonary oedema, which led to a delay in diagnosis and management and finally death. We high-light the fact that bilothorax, although a rare complication of biliary surgery, should always be considered as a probable cause of massive effusion and sudden-onset respiratory and cardiovascular collapse in the postoperative period. A chest X-ray and a diagnostic pleural tap can confirm the diagnosis. Once detected, an aggressive management should be instituted to prevent organ failure and death.

Management of an unusual presentation of foreign body aspiration

1992 ◽  
Vol 106 (8) ◽  
pp. 751-752 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hassan H. Ramadan ◽  
Nicolas Bu-Saba ◽  
Anis Baraka ◽  
Salman Mroueh
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Body ◽  
Subcutaneous Emphysema ◽  
Positive Pressure Ventilation ◽  
Intermittent Positive Pressure Ventilation ◽  
Foreign Body Aspiration ◽  
Positive Pressure ◽  
Review Of The Literature ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Post Surgery ◽  
Chest X Ray

AbstractForeign body aspiration is a very common problem in children and toddlers and still a serious and sometimes fatal condition. We are reporting on a 2-year-old white asthmatic male who choked on a chick pea and presented with subcutaneous emphysema, and on chest X-ray with an isolated pneumomediastinum but not pneumothorax. On review of the literature an isolated pneumomediastinum without pneumothorax was rarely reported. This presented a challenge in management mainly because of the technique that we had to use in order to undergo bronchoscopy and removal of the foreign body. Apnoeic diffusion oxygenation was used initially while the foreign body was removed piecemeal, and afterwards intermittent positive pressure ventilation was used. The child did very well, and his subcutaneous emphysema and pneumomediastinum remarkably improved immediately post surgery.

scholarly journals Ginkgo leaf sign on X-ray chest due to subcutaneous emphysema in a COVID-19 patient

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (8) ◽  
pp. 1223
Author(s):  
Ashish Behera ◽  
Mohan Kumar H. ◽  
Rohit Bakshi ◽  
Arihant Sharma
Keyword(s):  
Subcutaneous Emphysema ◽  
Sudden Change ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Direct Trauma ◽  
Rare Manifestation ◽  
Subcutaneous Space ◽  
Pectoralis Muscles ◽  
Chest X Ray ◽  
Airway Access ◽  
Ginkgo Leaf

Subcutaneous emphysema (SE) is usually encountered in cases of structural lung diseases and secondary to direct trauma or iatrogenic procedures for airway access. It is mostly associated with pneumothorax. The diagnosis is made clinically by palpation of the affected area and radiology. Here we presented a case of COVID-19 pneumonia presenting with extensive subcutaneous emphysema resulting in airway compression which was a very rare manifestation of COVID-19 infection. The COVID-19 infection led to extensive alveolar damage to the lungs and the chronic cough which may have led to this complication due to sudden change of pressure differences in the chest wall cavity. The limitation of using of personal protective equipments hindered the diagnosis of this condition as auscultation and the palpatory feelings were greatly hindered. The chest X-ray shows air in subcutaneous space and the prominence of the fibres of bilateral pectoralis muscles which gives an impression of the venous system of a Ginkgo leaf, so named as Ginkgo leaf sign. 

scholarly journals Subcutaneous Emphysema in Pregnancy

2011 ◽  
Vol 51 (183) ◽  
Author(s):  
A Shrestha ◽  
S Acharya
Keyword(s):  
Subcutaneous Emphysema ◽  
Late Pregnancy ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Close Observation ◽  
The Face ◽  
Normal Chest ◽  
Chest X Ray ◽  
Keywords Pregnancy ◽  
Systemic Examination ◽  
The Right

Spontaneous pneumomediastinum and subcutaneous emphysema are rare complications of labor, especially in the late pregnancy period, but they are usually self-limiting. Management includes avoidance of exacerbative factors and close observation with supportive treatment. A 19-year-old primi gravida at 36 weeks pregnancy presented with swelling over the right side of the face, neck and chest. Her general examination was normal. Systemic examination revealed swelling with palpatory crepitation over the right side of chest, neck and face, and other examination findings were normal. Chest X-ray revealed subcutaneous emphysema without pneumothorax. The patient left hospital against medical advice. Keywords: Pregnancy; subcutaneous emphysema; pneumomediastinum.

scholarly journals Spontaneous pneumomediastinum and subcutaneous emphysema in a child with unknown aetiology

2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. e226805
Author(s):  
Anoopkishore Chidambaram ◽  
Sirisha Donekal
Keyword(s):  
Subcutaneous Emphysema ◽  
Rare Entity ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Spontaneous Pneumomediastinum ◽  
Expert Opinions ◽  
Repeat Chest ◽  
Chest X Ray ◽  
Red Flag ◽  
Surgical Emphysema ◽  
Safety Netting

Spontaneous subcutaneous emphysema and pneumomediastinum in children without any predisposing factors is a rare entity. We present a case of an adolescent boy with spontaneous pneumomediastinum. He is a 14-year-old boy brought to the hospital with an odd feeling in the neck and chest. Initial chest X-ray revealed subcutaneous emphysema and pneumomediastinum. He was further evaluated with CT thorax and abdomen with contrast which revealed extensive pneumomediastinum with associated surgical emphysema in the chest wall and neck. Expert opinions from the cardiothoracic and respiratory teams were obtained. The child was discharged with safety netting and description of red flag signs. Repeat chest X-ray in 2 weeks showed complete resolution of the pneumomediastinum and subcutaneous emphysema. We will briefly discuss about the diagnosis and treatment of spontaneous pneumomediastinum and subcutaneous emphysema.

DOZ047.79: Bronchoscopic treatment of plastic bronchitis in children

2019 ◽  
Vol 32 (Supplement_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
M Y Erdas ◽  
N Valiyev ◽  
K K Cerit ◽  
Y Gokdemir ◽  
G Kiyan
Keyword(s):  
Respiratory Distress ◽  
Rare Condition ◽  
Airway Disease ◽  
Underlying Disease ◽  
Bronchial Tree ◽  
X Rays ◽  
Plastic Bronchitis ◽  
Left Hemithorax ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Chest X Ray

Abstract Purpose Plastic bronchitis or cast bronchitis is a rare condition characterized by the formation of large gelatinous or rigid airway casts. Classification of plastic bronchitis is done by disease association and cast histology. This rare condition can cause airway obstruction and there is no standardized treatment. Here are presented two cases with plastic bronchitis treated by bronchoscopic removal of casts in our clinic. Patients Case 1: A 9-year-old boy presented with wheezing, cough, and respiratory distress. He expectorated the cast spontaneously and the cast was misdiagnosed as germinative membrane of a hydatid cyst at the previous center. Total collapse of the left hemithorax was seen on chest X-ray. Any underlying disease was not detected. The plastic-like solid structure was detected and easily extracted from the bronchial tree. Pathology results of the casts were eosinophilic mucoid casts. The patient experienced three bronchoscopic removals and had no recurrence thereafter for two years. Case 2: A 7-year-old girl presented with persistent cough and respiratory distress. The patient was referred to our center with the diagnosis of foreign body aspiration. Total collapse of the right middle and lower segment and partial collapse of the upper segment were seen on chest X-ray. Previously, she was diagnosed with reactive airway disease. The plastic-like semisolid structure was detected during bronchoscopy its extraction from the bronchial tree was not easy but was possible. Pathology results were eosinophilic mucoid and fibrinotic casts. This patient still needs bronchoscopy for cast removal after 12 bronchoscopic removals but her symptoms and bronchoscopy findings have regressed with time. Conclusion Bronchoscopic extraction of casts provides fast improvement of patients’ symptoms and postoperative chest X-rays, but recurrence of cast formation is common. Nevertheless, it is the mostly chosen therapy in the literature. Further researches in this area are required.

scholarly journals Spontaneous Pneumomediastinum from Running Sprints

2010 ◽  
Vol 2010 ◽  
pp. 1-4 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joseph W. Turban
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Lung Cancer ◽  
Asthma Exacerbation ◽  
Rare Condition ◽  
Intrathoracic Pressure ◽  
Benign Condition ◽  
Spontaneous Pneumomediastinum ◽  
Free Air ◽  
Life Threatening ◽  
Intense Physical Activity

Spontaneous pneumomediastinum (SPM) is a fairly rare condition, caused by increased intrathoracic pressure, leading to free air in the mediastinal structures. Underlying lung conditions are associated with increased incidence of SPM, including asthma, interstitial lung disease, pneumonia, bullous lung, and radiation therapy for lung cancer. It is often preceded by Valsalva maneuvers, vomiting, coughing, asthma exacerbation, sneezing, childbirth, or intense physical activity. A case of SPM is presented in a 15-year-old male, who complained of throat pain and dyspnea while running sprints at football practice. Workup revealed SPM, and he was subsequently admitted and treated conservatively. His symptoms resolved in 2 days and he was discharged and suffered no further recurrences. In contrast to secondary pneumomediastinum, SPM is usually a benign condition although life-threatening conditions can rarely arise. Differentiating between these two conditions has important prognostic indications. There is a paucity of prospectively collected data regarding SPM, and considerable variation in recommendations concerning the extent of workup.

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