scholarly journals Micromelanomas: A Review of Melanomas≤2 mm and a Case Report

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-4
Author(s):  
Sharad P. Paul
Keyword(s):  
Case Report ◽  
Previous History ◽  
Melanoma In Situ ◽  
Pigmented Lesions ◽  
Pigmented Lesion ◽  
History Of

The ABCD acronym used to screen pigmented lesions for melanoma obviously was not designed to contend with melanomas that are under 2 mm in diameter. Previously, views ranged that such small lesions could not be melanomas until a few reports of such “micromelanomas” emerged. The author presents a 2 mm melanoma in situ presenting as an insignificant pigmented lesion in a 60-year-old patient with no previous history of melanoma or multiple nevi—which is usually the norm in cases of small melanoma. This paper reiterates the fact that when it comes to a melanoma, size does not matter. In this paper, the term “micromelanoma” is used by the author to represent melanomas under 2 mm. Dermatoscopy and histopathology findings are discussed in this case, along with a review of small melanomas.

Recurrent primary vulvovaginal malignant melanoma arising in melanoma in situ – the natural history of lesions followed for 23 years

2004 ◽  
Vol 14 (4) ◽  
pp. 628-632
Author(s):  
N. J. Kingston ◽  
R. W. Jones ◽  
J. Baranyai
Keyword(s):  
Malignant Melanoma ◽  
Natural History ◽  
Metastatic Melanoma ◽  
Cutaneous Melanoma ◽  
Mucosal Melanoma ◽  
Histologic Examination ◽  
Melanoma In Situ ◽  
Pigmented Lesions ◽  
History Of

Multifocal melanoma and melanoma in situ of the vulva and vagina are uncommon lesions, and our understanding of their natural history is limited. Vulvovaginal melanoma appears to be biologically different from cutaneous melanoma and has more in common with mucosal melanoma. A 60-year-old woman presented in 1977 with a pigmented vulvar lesion. Histologic examination revealed melanoma in situ associated with focal invasive melanoma. She re-presented with recurrent primary melanomas arising in melanoma in situ in 1990 and 1998 and died of widespread metastatic melanoma in 2000. Melanoma in situ of the vulva and vagina is rare and appears to have a relatively slow but definite progression to invasive melanoma. All suspicious pigmented lesions in this region should be biopsied, and if multifocal in situ melanoma is identified, vulvo(vagin)ectomy should be considered.

scholarly journals Nasal Mucosal Melanosis may act as a Harbinger of Melanoma: A Case Report

2016 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. ar.2016.7.0174 ◽  
Author(s):  
William C. Yao ◽  
Kevin S. Emerick ◽  
Stefan Kraft ◽  
Eric H. Holbrook
Keyword(s):  
Case Report ◽  
Nasal Cavity ◽  
Cutaneous Melanoma ◽  
Precancerous Lesion ◽  
Melanoma In Situ ◽  
Pigmented Lesion ◽  
Endoscopic Observation ◽  
Mucosal Lesions ◽  
Over Time

Background The progression from a benign pigmented lesion on the skin to cutaneous melanoma is better understood, and it could be presumed that a similar progression occurs with mucosal lesions. However, to our knowledge, there has never been documentation of melanosis transforming into melanoma over time. Objective To describe a transformation of a mucosal melanosis into melanoma. Methods A 53-year-old man with diffuse melanosis of the nasal cavity underwent surgical resection. Results Pathology revealed melanocytic hyperplasia without evidence of melanoma. The patient was serially examined, with excisions for new areas of melanosis. The pathology progressed to severely atypical melanocytic proliferation and melanoma in situ over a 4-year period. Conclusion Nasal melanosis may be a precancerous lesion and may transform into melanoma. All melanosis should be biopsied with close endoscopic observation. Lesions with dysplasia or atypia should be excised due to potential transformation to melanoma.

scholarly journals Multiple melanoma in a burns scar

2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. e227295 ◽  
Author(s):  
Phillip Cantwell ◽  
Adrian Brooks
Keyword(s):  
Case Report ◽  
Breslow Thickness ◽  
Malignant Tumours ◽  
Burn Scar ◽  
Melanoma In Situ ◽  
Pigmented Lesions ◽  
Digital Amputation ◽  
Little Finger

It is well known that up to 2% of chronic burn scar lesions can transform into malignant tumours, however, melanoma formation at these sites is extremely rare. This case report describes a burns case, which progressed to four melanomas in a 78-year-old male patient’s little finger, 40 years after the initial incident. The patient underwent 3 mm punch biopsies, then digital amputation of the finger with pathology-proven melanoma. Histopathology investigation demonstrated three melanoma in situ and one invasive melanoma with a Breslow thickness of 1 mm. These findings are rare with few reports of melanoma in burn scars in the literature. This case report highlights the vigilance required from clinicians when performing skin examinations, and the importance of biopsies to newly pigmented lesions.

Popliteal artery thrombosis secondary to a tibial osteochondroma

VASA ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 40 (3) ◽  
pp. 251-255 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gruber-Szydlo ◽  
Poreba ◽  
Belowska-Bien ◽  
Derkacz ◽  
Badowski ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Case Report ◽  
Magnetic Resonance Angiography ◽  
Popliteal Artery ◽  
Doppler Ultrasonography ◽  
Histopathological Examination ◽  
Previous History ◽  
Plain Radiography ◽  
Artery Thrombosis ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Right

Popliteal artery thrombosis may present as a complication of an osteochondroma located in the vicinity of the knee joint. This is a case report of a 26-year-old man with symptoms of the right lower extremity ischaemia without a previous history of vascular disease or trauma. Plain radiography, magnetic resonance angiography and Doppler ultrasonography documented the presence of an osteochondrous structure of the proximal tibial metaphysis, which displaced and compressed the popliteal artery, causing its occlusion due to intraluminal thrombosis..The patient was operated and histopathological examination confirmed the diagnosis of osteochondroma.

Comparison of Primary and Metastatic Malignant Melanoma of the Esophagus: Clinicopathologic Review of 10 Cases

2008 ◽  
Vol 132 (10) ◽  
pp. 1623-1629 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amy A. Sanchez ◽  
Tsung-Teh Wu ◽  
Victor G. Prieto ◽  
Asif Rashid ◽  
Stanley R. Hamilton ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Metastatic Melanoma ◽  
Cell Morphology ◽  
Growth Phase ◽  
Cutaneous Melanoma ◽  
Radial Growth ◽  
Spindle Cell ◽  
Previous History ◽  
Depth Of Invasion ◽  
History Of

Abstract Context.—Primary esophageal melanoma (PEM) is a rare disease and is difficult to distinguish from other esophageal malignancies and from metastatic melanoma. Objective.—To develop diagnostic criteria for PEM, we compared the clinicopathologic features of 5 PEMs and 5 metastatic melanomas to esophagus. Design.—Ten cases of esophageal melanoma, including 4 surgically resected specimens, 2 autopsy cases, and 4 cases reported on mucosal biopsies, were reviewed. The histologic parameters used in this study were well-characterized features for cutaneous melanoma, including junctional component (in situ melanoma), radial growth phase, modified Breslow thickness, depth of invasion, lymphovascular invasion, satellitosis, predominant type of cytology, and regional lymph node metastasis. Clinical and follow-up information was obtained by reviewing patients' medical records. Results.—Previous history of cutaneous melanoma was present in all 5 cases of metastatic esophageal melanoma but was not present in the 5 patients with PEMs. In situ melanoma and/or radial growth phase were identified in all 5 PEMs but were not present in any of the metastatic cases. Among the 4 resected and 2 autopsy cases, melanocytosis and mixed epithelioid and spindle cell morphology was present in 2 (50%) of 4 PEMs but was not present in 2 (40%) of the metastatic melanomas. Melanin pigment was detectable in all cases. Patients with PEM had better survival than those who had metastatic melanoma to esophagus (P = .03). Conclusions.—The presence of in situ melanoma, radial growth phase, melanocytosis, and mixed epithelioid and spindle cell morphology, in the context of no history of melanoma, distinguishes PEM from metastatic melanoma.

An unusual case of dysphagia

2018 ◽  
Vol 17 (3) ◽  
pp. 154-155
Author(s):  
Adam Williamson ◽  
◽  
Christopher Kelly ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Unusual Case ◽  
Previous History ◽  
Upper Respiratory Tract ◽  
Medical Unit ◽  
Solid Foods ◽  
Acute Medical Unit ◽  
History Of ◽  
Upper Respiratory ◽  
Ventriculo Peritoneal Shunt

A 51-year-old lady, with a background of an arachnoid cyst and ventriculo-peritoneal shunt in situ, presented to the Acute Medical Unit with a 2-day history of neck pain. She awoke from sleep with the pain and it persisted since. She had not been involved in any trauma, had no previous history of neck or back pain and her pain was not controlled with simple analgesia. She also complained of new odynophagia and high dysphagia, particularly to solid foods. There was no history of upper respiratory tract infection.

scholarly journals The Incidence of Central Serous Chorioretinopathy after Photorefractive Keratectomy and Laser In Situ Keratomileusis

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-5 ◽  
Author(s):  
Majid Moshirfar ◽  
Maylon Hsu ◽  
Julia Schulman ◽  
Joseph Armenia ◽  
Shameema Sikder ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Central Serous Chorioretinopathy ◽  
Refractive Surgery ◽  
Chart Review ◽  
Previous History ◽  
Laser In Situ Keratomileusis ◽  
Photorefractive Keratectomy ◽  
Causal Association ◽  
History Of ◽  
Low Incidence

Purpose. To assess the incidence of central serous chorioretinopathy (CSCR) following laser in situ keratomileusis (LASIK) and photorefractive keratectomy (PRK).Methods. A chart review was performed to identify all patients with CSCR and a previous history of LASIK or PRK.Results. Over the 6-year study period, 1 of 4,876 eyes which had LASIK or PRK at the Moran Eye Center was diagnosed with CSCR. One other patient was referred from an outside center, developed CSCR symptoms one month after PRK. Both patients were managed conservatively with a final visual acuity of 20/20 or better. All other patients presented 4 or more years after refractive surgery.Conclusions. We report the first 2 CSCR cases developing within one month after PRK. The low incidence argues against a causal association. Topical corticosteroids or anxiety may elevate cortisol levels presenting therapeutic challenges for the management of CSCR after PRK or LASIK.

scholarly journals Mild SARS-CoV-2 Infection After Gene Therapy in a Child With Wiskott-Aldrich Syndrome: A Case Report

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sabina Cenciarelli ◽  
Valeria Calbi ◽  
Federica Barzaghi ◽  
Maria Ester Bernardo ◽  
Chiara Oltolini ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Therapy ◽  
Case Report ◽  
Immune Reconstitution ◽  
Autoinflammatory Disease ◽  
Clinical Phenotype ◽  
High Titer ◽  
Previous History ◽  
Wiskott Aldrich Syndrome ◽  
Neutralizing Capacity ◽  
History Of

In this work we present the case of SARS-CoV-2 infection in a 1.5-year-old boy affected by severe Wiskott-Aldrich Syndrome with previous history of autoinflammatory disease, occurring 5 months after treatment with gene therapy. Before SARS-CoV-2 infection, the patient had obtained engraftment of gene corrected cells, resulting in WASP expression restoration and early immune reconstitution. The patient produced specific immunoglobulins to SARS-CoV-2 at high titer with neutralizing capacity and experienced a mild course of infection, with limited inflammatory complications, despite pre-gene therapy clinical phenotype.

Pleomorphic lobular carcinoma in situ: A distinct entity of controversial significance.

2012 ◽  
Vol 30 (27_suppl) ◽  
pp. 177-177
Author(s):  
Marina De Brot ◽  
Shirin Muhsen ◽  
Victor P. Andrade ◽  
Starr Koslow Mautner ◽  
Melissa Murray ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Carcinoma In Situ ◽  
Ductal Carcinoma ◽  
Lobular Carcinoma ◽  
Previous History ◽  
Prior History ◽  
Lobular Carcinoma In Situ ◽  
Pleomorphic Lobular Carcinoma ◽  
History Of

177 Background: Pleomorphic lobular carcinoma in situ (PLCIS) is an increasingly diagnosed variant of lobular carcinoma in situ. Histologically, it resembles ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS), leading to controversy over proper management. Yet, the natural history of PLCIS is unknown. Here we describe our experience with PLCIS. Methods: Review of pathology reports (1995–2012) identified 233 cases of LCIS variants. Patients with synchronous ipsilateral DCIS or invasive cancer (IC) were excluded leaving 25 cases for review. Consensus review by 3 pathologists further excluded 7; leaving 18 cases, 12 of which were classified as PLCIS and 6 as LCIS with pleomorphic features (LCIS-PF). (Table) PLCIS was defined by cellular dyshesion, nuclear pleomorphism with a 2-3 fold size variation, conspicuous nucleoli, mitoses and abundant cytoplasm; lesions not meeting all parameters were classified as LCIS-PF. Loss of e-cadherin was confirmed; clinical data were obtained from medical records. Results: Mean patient age at diagnosis of PLCIS/LCIS-PF was 57 yrs (42-67 yrs). All cases presented with imaging abnormalities. A previous history of breast cancer was present in 7/18 (39%) pts (3/7, ipsilateral; 4/7, contralateral). Following PLCIS/LCIS-PF diagnosis, 6/18 (33%) pts underwent mastectomy and 12/18 had excision alone, with (n=3) or without chemoprevention (n=9). Margin status was negative in 4/12 pts; close in 3/12 pts and positive in 5/12 pts undergoing excision. At a median follow-up of 27 mos (2-148 mos), 2/12 pts treated with excision developed ipsilateral breast cancer (1 DCIS; 1 IC). Both had close margins at initial excision; median time to cancer, 54 mos. Conclusions: Pure PLCIS is an uncommon lesion. Synchronous malignancy or prior history of breast cancer are often present in patients with PLCIS, contributing to the difficulty in determining the actual risk conferred by this lesion and appropriate management. Efforts to systematically characterize LCIS variants and prospective documentation of outcomes are needed to clarify the significance of these lesions. [Table: see text]

scholarly journals Adolescent Catatonia Successfully Treated with Lorazepam and Aripiprazole

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-4 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aaron J. Roberto ◽  
Subhash Pinnaka ◽  
Abhishek Mohan ◽  
Hiejin Yoon ◽  
Kyle A. B. Lapidus
Keyword(s):  
Case Report ◽  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Emotional Distress ◽  
Successful Treatment ◽  
Previous History ◽  
Treatment Modalities ◽  
Psychotic Symptoms ◽  
First Episode ◽  
Significant Impairment ◽  
History Of

Catatonia is especially concerning in children and adolescents. It leads to significant impairment, including emotional distress, difficulty communicating, and other debilitating symptoms. In this case report, we discuss a patient with no previous history of neuroleptic medication or psychotic symptoms, presenting with first-episode catatonia in the presence of disorganized, psychotic thoughts. We then review the catatonia syndrome, citing examples in the literature supporting its underdiagnosis in children and adolescents, and discuss successful treatment modalities. It is important to diagnose and treat catatonia as efficiently as possible, to limit functional and emotional distress to the patient.

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