scholarly journals Autogenerator-Based Modelling Framework for Development of Strategic Games Simulations: Rational Pigs Game Extended

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-11
Author(s):  
Robert Fabac ◽  
Danijel Radošević ◽  
Ivan Magdalenić
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Equilibrium Point ◽  
Structural Changes ◽  
Matrix Game ◽  
Strategic Games ◽  
Program Specification ◽  
Modelling Framework ◽  
Successful Attempt ◽  
General Game ◽  
Rational Players

When considering strategic games from the conceptual perspective that focuses on the questions of participants’ decision-making rationality, the very issues of modelling and simulation are rarely discussed. The well-known Rational Pigs matrix game has been relatively intensively analyzed in terms of reassessment of the logic of two players involved in asymmetric situations as gluttons that differ significantly by their attributes. This paper presents a successful attempt of using autogenerator for creating the framework of the game, including the predefined scenarios and corresponding payoffs. Autogenerator offers flexibility concerning the specification of game parameters, which consist of variations in the number of simultaneous players and their features and game objects and their attributes as well as some general game characteristics. In the proposed approach the model of autogenerator was upgraded so as to enable program specification updates. For the purpose of treatment of more complex strategic scenarios, we created the Rational Pigs Game Extended (RPGE), in which the introduction of a third glutton entails significant structural changes. In addition, due to the existence of particular attributes of the new player, “the tramp,” one equilibrium point from the original game is destabilized which has an influence on the decision-making of rational players.

What do new neuroscience discoveries in children mean for their open future?

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cheryl D. Lew
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Moral Agency ◽  
Structural Changes ◽  
Fetal Life ◽  
Open Future ◽  
Ethical Concerns ◽  
Pediatric Ethics ◽  
Pediatric Decision Making ◽  
New Research ◽  
Pediatric Healthcare

Over the last decade, the number of neuroimaging and other neuroscience studies on the developing brain from fetal life through adolescence has increased exponentially. Children are viewed as particularly vulnerable members of our society and observations of significant neural structural changes associated with behavioral anomalies raise numerous ethical concerns around personal identity, free will, and the possibility of an open future. This chapter provides a review of recent research in the pediatric neuroscience literature, common pediatric decision-making, and social justice models, and discusses the implications of this research for the future of pediatric ethics thinking and policy. New research presents challenges to professional and pediatric bioethicist views of the moral future of children in pediatric healthcare and opportunities to examine anew notions of how to consider the developing moral agency of children.

Citizen accountability in the ‘New NHS’ in England

2017 ◽  
Vol 38 (2) ◽  
pp. 418-427 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bob Hudson
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Future Development ◽  
Structural Changes ◽  
Citizen Engagement ◽  
Local Areas ◽  
Increasing Demand ◽  
Accountability Gap

The NHS is facing a combination of lower spending and increasing demand. In response, NHS England is requiring local areas to substantially rethink and reshape services through Sustainability and Transformation Plans. These have been devised largely without the involvement of patients and citizens, giving rise to widespread concerns about service loss. Other structural changes are also taking place that have no obvious place for citizen engagement. All of this is highlighting the problem of a lack of local accountability and legitimacy for decision-making in healthcare. This commentary describes the changes, identifies the accountability gap and suggests a framework for future development.

The Engro Zarkhez Challenge 2011

2013 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 15-34
Author(s):  
Sara Alvi ◽  
Arif N. Butt ◽  
Anwar Khurshid ◽  
M. Athar Siddiqui
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Goal Setting ◽  
Structural Changes ◽  
Organizational Decision Making ◽  
Work Related ◽  
Marketing Managers ◽  
Strategic Goals ◽  
Marketing Team ◽  
Working Out

The case aims at highlighting the intra organizational negotiation challenges faced by Engro Marketing team for attaining sales targets. The problem is of goal incongruence and lack of communication regarding sales targets in the organization. Additionally, the structural changes which had added a new layer of management of Area Marketing Managers (AMMs) in Engro led to role ambiguities between the Area Marketing Managers (AMM) and the Zonal Marketing Managers (ZMM). The main challenges that Engro faces are: a) There was an urgent need for differing viewpoints on sales targets to converge to a joint goal setting pattern b) Up-gradation of skills was needed by AMM and ZMM with respect to increased listening and communication, facing and appreciating work-related conflict, working out interpersonal frictions and not using compromise as a basis for organizational decision-making, and c) A commitment to the strategic goals of the company needed to be gained by establishing clear responsibilities for implementing them.

scholarly journals Eight grand challenges in socio-environmental systems modeling

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 ◽  
pp. 16226 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sondoss Elsawah ◽  
Tatiana Filatova ◽  
Anthony J. Jakeman ◽  
Albert J. Kettner ◽  
Moira L. Zellner ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Quantitative Methods ◽  
Structural Changes ◽  
Uncertainty Assessment ◽  
Human Dimensions ◽  
Data Types ◽  
Grand Challenges ◽  
Qualitative And Quantitative Methods ◽  
Research Areas ◽  
Environmental Systems

Modeling is essential to characterize and explore complex societal and environmental issues in systematic and collaborative ways. Socio-environmental systems (SES) modeling integrates knowledge and perspectives into conceptual and computational tools that explicitly recognize how human decisions affect the environment. Depending on the modeling purpose, many SES modelers also realize that involvement of stakeholders and experts is fundamental to support social learning and decision-making processes for achieving improved environmental and social outcomes. The contribution of this paper lies in identifying and formulating grand challenges that need to be overcome to accelerate the development and adaptation of SES modeling. Eight challenges are delineated: bridging epistemologies across disciplines; multi-dimensional uncertainty assessment and management; scales and scaling issues; combining qualitative and quantitative methods and data; furthering the adoption and impacts of SES modeling on policy; capturing structural changes; representing human dimensions in SES; and leveraging new data types and sources. These challenges limit our ability to effectively use SES modeling to provide the knowledge and information essential for supporting decision making. Whereas some of these challenges are not unique to SES modeling and may be pervasive in other scientific fields, they still act as barriers as well as research opportunities for the SES modeling community. For each challenge, we outline basic steps that can be taken to surmount the underpinning barriers. Thus, the paper identifies priority research areas in SES modeling, chiefly related to progressing modeling products, processes and practices.

Aggregate Efficiency Dynamics in Lithuanian Dairy Farms

2021 ◽  
Vol 70 (4) ◽  
pp. 251-264
Author(s):  
Tomas Balezentis ◽  
Giannis Karagiannis
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Structural Changes ◽  
Dairy Farms ◽  
Family Farms ◽  
Efficiency Change ◽  
Empirical Application ◽  
Level Data ◽  
Covariance Term ◽  
Large Farms ◽  
Decision Making Units

In this paper, we attempt to identify the major groups of decision making units (dairy farms) contributing to the aggregate efficiency change. We also suggest identifying influential peers in order to gain more insights into possible development strategies within a sector. The empirical application focuses on specialist dairy farms in Lithuania. The farm-level data cover the period 2004-2016. The results indicate the presence of structural changes and resulting shifts in the aggregate efficiency. Based on the results of decomposition of the covariance term and identification of the influential peers, two models can be followed by Lithuanian dairy farms, namely “pure” family farms with lower operational scale and large farms involving hired labour.

A modelling framework for householder decision-making for wildfire emergencies

2019 ◽  
Vol 41 ◽  
pp. 101274 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ruggiero Lovreglio ◽  
Erica Kuligowski ◽  
Steve Gwynne ◽  
Ken Strahan
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Modelling Framework

scholarly journals Characterization and Evolution of a Digital Economy Ecosystem Based on an Interspecies Competition Model

2022 ◽  
Vol 2022 ◽  
pp. 1-12
Author(s):  
Han Zhou ◽  
Xiaorui Han ◽  
Le Wang
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Equilibrium Point ◽  
Digital Economy ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Evolution Model ◽  
Dynamic Evolution ◽  
Model Parameters ◽  
Entrepreneurial Ecosystem ◽  
Interspecies Competition ◽  
The Relationship

This paper provides an in-depth study and analysis of the characterization of the digital economy ecosystem and the mechanism of eye-flowering through the method of interspecies competition. The evolutionary game model of symbiotic decision-making in the entrepreneurial ecosystem is constructed, the evolutionary process of symbiotic decision-making of subjects is analyzed through mathematical derivation, and the symbiotic decision-making process of subjects is simulated through computer simulation to answer how the subjects of the entrepreneurial ecosystem make symbiotic decisions and explore the mechanism of symbiotic formation of the entrepreneurial ecosystem. Then, based on the ecological perspective, the symbiotic evolution model of entrepreneurial ecosystem subjects is constructed from the subject level, the equilibrium point of the evolution of entrepreneurial ecosystem subjects, the stability conditions, and the relationship between the equilibrium point and the symbiosis model are analyzed, and the symbiotic evolution paths of entrepreneurial ecosystem subjects under different symbiosis modes, initial population size, maximum size, and natural growth rate are presented with simulation experiments, respectively. The main characteristics and manifestations of the dynamic evolution of the platform ecosystem are analyzed, and the key competitive factors that determine the dynamic evolution of the platform ecosystem are depicted. Then, according to the inherent characteristic laws of the platform ecosystem, the complex network approach is applied to construct a dynamic evolution model with originality and wide applicability for the change of bilateral user scale. Based on the dynamic evolution process, the relationship between model parameters and business performance is explored, and the trajectory of bilateral user size change over time and the range of parameters are derived by numerical calculation. Finally, using Monte Carlo simulation methods, the dynamic evolution model is used to predict the future operating conditions of platform enterprises, providing a valuation basis for investors to make investment decisions and helping platform managers to formulate business strategies.

scholarly journals Advancing urban analytics for energy transitions: Data-driven strategic planning for citywide building retrofitting

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
Oleksii Pasichnyi
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Data Quality ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Building Energy ◽  
Energy Performance ◽  
Energy Data ◽  
Modelling Framework ◽  
Energy Transitions ◽  
Energy Modelling

Decarbonisation of the building stock is essential for energy transitions towards climate-neutral cities in Sweden, Europe and globally. Meeting 1.5°C scenarios is only possible through collaborative efforts by all relevant stakeholders — building owners, housing associations, energy installation companies, city authorities, energy utilities and, ultimately, citizens. These stakeholders are driven by different interests and goals. Many win-win solutions are not implemented due to lack of information, transparency and trust about current building energy performance and available interventions, ranging from city-wide policies to single building energy service contracts. The emergence of big data in the building and energy sectors allows this challenge to be addressed through new types of analytical services based on enriched data, urban energy models, machine learning algorithms and interactive visualisations as important enablers for decision-makers on different levels. The overall aim of this thesis was to advance urban analytics in the building energy domain. Specific objectives were to: (1) develop and demonstrate an urban building energy modelling framework for strategic planning of large-scale building energy retrofitting; (2) investigate the interconnection between quality and applications of urban building energy data; and (3) explore how urban analytics can be integrated into decision-making for energy transitions in cities. Objectives 1 and 2 were pursued within a single case study based on continuous collaboration with local stakeholders in the city of Stockholm, Sweden. Objective 3 was addressed within a multiple case study on participatory modelling for strategic energy planning in two cities, Niš, Serbia, and Stockholm. A transdisciplinary research strategy was applied throughout. A new urban building energy modelling framework was developed and demonstrated for the case of Stockholm. This framework utilises high-resolution building energy data to identify buildings and retrofitting measures with the highest potential, assess the change in total energy demand from large-scale retrofitting and explore its impact on the supply side. Growing use of energy performance certificate (EPC) data and increasing requirements on data quality were identified in a systematic mapping of EPC applications combined with assessment of EPC data quality for Stockholm. Continuity of data collaborations and interactivity of new analytical tools were identified as important factors for better integration of urban analytics into decision-making on energy transitions in cities.

scholarly journals Fuzzy Matrix Game: A Fast Approach using Artificial Hybrid Neural-Net Logic-Gate Switching Circuit

2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ankan Bhaumik ◽  
Sankar Kumar Roy
Keyword(s):  
Neural Network ◽  
Neural Networks ◽  
Decision Making ◽  
Artificial Neural Network ◽  
Logic Gate ◽  
Real Life ◽  
Neural Nets ◽  
Matrix Game ◽  
Switching Circuit ◽  
Artificial Neural

Abstract Introducing neuro -fuzzy concept in decision making problems, makes a new way in artificial intelligence and expert systems. Sometimes, neural networks are used to optimize certain performances. In general, knowledge acquisition becomes difficult when problem's variables, constraints, environment, decision maker's attitude and complex behavior are encountered with. A sense of fuzziness prevails in these situations; sometimes numerically and sometimes linguistically. Neural networks (or neural nets) help to overcome this problem. Neural networks are explicitly and implicitly hyped to draw out fuzzy rules from numerical information and linguistic information. Logic-gate and switching circuit mobilize the fuzzy data in crisp environment and can be used in artificial neural network, also. Game theory has a tremendous scope in decision making; and consequently decision makers' hesitant characters play an important role in it. In this paper, a game situation is clarified under artificial neural network through logic-gate switching circuit in hesitant fuzzy environment with a suitable example; and this concept can be applied in future for real-life situations.

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