Fuzzy Matrix Game: A Fast Approach using Artificial Hybrid Neural-Net Logic-Gate Switching Circuit

Introducing neuro -fuzzy concept in decision making problems, makes a new way in artificial intelligence and expert systems. Sometimes, neural networks are used to optimize certain performances. In general, knowledge acquisition becomes difficult when problem's variables, constraints, environment, decision maker's attitude and complex behavior are encountered with. A sense of fuzziness prevails in these situations; sometimes numerically and sometimes linguistically. Neural networks (or neural nets) help to overcome this problem. Neural networks are explicitly and implicitly hyped to draw out fuzzy rules from numerical information and linguistic information. Logic-gate and switching circuit mobilize the fuzzy data in crisp environment and can be used in artificial neural network, also. Game theory has a tremendous scope in decision making; and consequently decision makers' hesitant characters play an important role in it. In this paper, a game situation is clarified under artificial neural network through logic-gate switching circuit in hesitant fuzzy environment with a suitable example; and this concept can be applied in future for real-life situations.

Demonstration of a Novel Alternating Current Hybrid Concept for a Fuel Cell–Battery Hybrid Electric Aircraft

Hybrid electric aircraft offer the potential to decrease emissions from air travel. A new hybrid concept is proposed for a fuel cell-battery hybrid aircraft. In contrast to existing hybrids, the proposed concept puts a battery directly on the AC phases of the motor, which together with a suitable switching circuit superimposes the DC voltage from the battery on the AC voltage of the motor phase providing a voltage boost depending on the battery voltage, which can be used during a high-power demand flight phase. The system is also capable of recharging the battery during flight. The necessary switching architecture was developed and modeled in MATLAB/Simulink to verify the concept and an experimental setup was built for demonstrating the functionality. Simulation and experimental results showed a very good agreement which is very promising for the proposed new hybrid topology.

Research on real time simulation modeling method of large scale MMC electromagnetic transient

Modular multilevel converter (MMC) contains a large number of power electronic switching devices. The modeling method based on switching circuit model needs a lot of resources and the simulation speed is slow, so it is difficult to realize large-scale real-time simulation of electromagnetic transient. A MMC electromagnetic transient numerical modeling method based on ideal transformer model (ITM) is presented. Firstly, the MMC system is divided into the main circuit network and the sub module group network by ITM method, and the error caused by decoupling delay in serial and parallel real time simulation is compensated respectively by interpolation prediction and advanced interpolation prediction. Secondly, the capacitor in sub module is discreted respectively by trapezoidal integration method, backward Euler method and Gear-2 method. Based on the above numerical integration, the difference equations of capacitance voltage, capacitance current and output voltage of half bridge and full bridge sub modules are derived. Then, in order to improve the calculation speed, a simplified numerical model of half bridge and full bridge sub module based on switching function is proposed. Finally, the MMC based on switching circuit model runs off-line simulation in the simulation software, and the above MMC numerical modeling method runs real-time simulation in Speedgoat real-time simulator. The off-line and real-time simulation results of the MMC numerical modeling method and the switching circuit model are compared. And the simulation results verify the feasibility and effectiveness of the above MMC numerical modeling method in real time simulation.

Implementasi Kontrol Proportional - Integral Pada Bidirectional Converter Untuk Sistem Pengisian Baterai Turbin Angin

The level of demand for electrical energy in Indonesia is currently getting higher and will continue with the increase in population so that it is required to conduct research in the field of renewable energy. To be able to support renewable energy research, a switching circuit is needed for the battery charging system. The switching circuit used is a converter bidirectional circuit controlled by an Arduino Uno microcontroller based on PI (Proportional-Integral) control. PI control functions to regulate the voltage so that it has a stable output voltage value. From the research results of the Konverter bidirectional circuit, using trial and error control constants Kp: 2,6 and Ki: 5,6, it was found that the battery charging time was obtained with an initial voltage of 22.9 Volt to 24 Volt battery without using PI control, which was 6 hours 57 minutes, whereas if using the PI control with Kp: 2,6 and Ki: 5,6 with the initial battery voltage of 22.9 Volt to 24 Volt, the battery charging becomes faster, which is 2 hours 45 minutes.

Simultaneous Acquisition of Ultrasound and Gamma Signals with a Single-Channel Readout

We propose an integrated front-end data acquisition circuit for a hybrid ultrasound (US)-gamma probe. The proposed circuit consists of three main parts: (1) a preamplifier for the gamma probe, (2) a preprocessing analog circuit for the US, and (3) a digitally controlled analog switch. By exploiting the long idle time of the US system, an analog switch can be used to acquire data of both systems using a single output channel simultaneously. On the nuclear medicine (NM) gamma probe side, energy resolutions of 18.4% and 17.5% were acquired with the standalone system and with the proposed switching circuit, respectively, when irradiated with a Co-57 radiation source. Similarly, signal-to-noise ratios of 14.89 and 13.12 dB were achieved when US echo signals were acquired with the standalone system and with the proposed switching circuit, respectively. Lastly, a combined US-gamma probe was used to scan a glass target and a sealed radiation source placed in a water tank. The results confirmed that, by using a hybrid US-gamma probe system, it is possible to distinguish between the two objects and acquire structural information (ultrasound) alongside molecular information (gamma radiation source).

DIAGONAL COMMUTATION MODEL FOR PARALLEL SORTING OF DATA ARRAYS

Oбъект исследования - алгоритмы параллельной сортировки с применением базовой операции «сравнение-обмен». Цель исследования - сокращение шагов работы алгоритма сортировки массива данных за счет уменьшения количества промежуточных перестановок элементов массива. Цель достигается разработкой оригинальной схемы коммутаций элементов массива. Данная схема составляет основу модели диагональных коммутаций пар элементов массива. Массив имеет 2d-представление, что позволяет объединить в пары элементы из его различных половин. За счет 2d-представления массива образуемые пары элементов позволяют уменьшить количество перестановок. Новизна модели диагональных коммутаций состоит в том, что операции «сравнение-обмен» параллельно выполняются на неконфликтующих парах элементов, взятых из различных половин массива. Это свойство модели позволяет «прыжками» перемещать элемент в необходимую позицию массива. Модель диагональных коммутаций объединена с известной моделью четно-нечетной сортировки. В результате объединения был получен алгоритм параллельной сортировки с гибридной схемой коммутации. Эта схема реализует на четных шагах предложенную модель, а на нечетных шагах - модель четно-нечетной сортировки. Моделирование алгоритмов четно-нечетной сортировки и гибридной сортировок показало преимущество разработанной модели. Расширение четно-нечетной сортировки моделью диагональных коммутаций позволяет сократить среднее число шагов сортировки. Кроме четно-нечетной сортировки, модель диагональных коммутаций применима для алгоритмов параллельной сортировки, использующих базовую операцию «сравнение-обмен» - сортировки Батчера, Шелла, слиянием The object of the research is parallel sorting algorithms using the basic operation "compare-swap". The aim of the research is to reduce the steps of the algorithm for sorting the data array by reducing the number of intermediate permutations of the array elements. The goal is achieved by developing an original switching circuit of the array elements. This circuit forms the basis of the model for diagonal commutation of pairs of array elements. The array is 2D, which allows one to pair elements from its different halves. Due to the 2D representation of the array, the formed pairs of elements allow reducing the number of permutations. The novelty of the diagonal commutation model is that the “compare-exchange” operations are performed in parallel on non-conflicting pairs of elements taken from different halves of the array. This property of the model allows one to "jump" the element to the desired position in the array. The diagonal commutation model is combined with the well-known odd-even sorting model. The combination resulted in a parallel sorting algorithm with a hybrid switching scheme. This scheme implements the proposed model at even steps, and the even-odd sorting model at odd steps. Modeling algorithms for odd-even sorting and hybrid sorting showed the advantage of the developed model. Extension of even-odd sorting by the diagonal commutation model allows to reduce the average number of sorting steps by 6-10%. In addition to odd-even sorting, the diagonal commutation model is applicable for parallel sorting algorithms using the basic comparison-exchange operation - Butcher, Shell, merge sorting