scholarly journals Extraction of S- and N-Compounds from the Mixture of Hydrocarbons by Ionic Liquids as Selective Solvents

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Beata Gabrić ◽  
Aleksandra Sander ◽  
Marina Cvjetko Bubalo ◽  
Dejan Macut
Keyword(s):  
Ionic Liquid ◽  
Ionic Liquids ◽  
Mass Ratio ◽  
Diesel Fuels ◽  
Selective Solvents ◽  
Liquid Liquid Extraction ◽  
Model Fuel ◽  
Liquid Model ◽  
Nitrogen Containing Compounds ◽  
N Compounds

Liquid-liquid extraction is an alternative method that can be used for desulfurization and denitrification of gasoline and diesel fuels. Recent approaches employ different ionic liquids as selective solvents, due to their general immiscibility with gasoline and diesel, negligible vapor pressure, and high selectivity to sulfur- and nitrogen-containing compounds. For that reason, five imidazolium-based ionic liquids and one pyridinium-based ionic liquid were selected for extraction of thiophene, dibenzothiophene, and pyridine from two model solutions. The influences of hydrodynamic conditions, mass ratio, and number of stages were investigated. Increasing the mass ratio of ionic liquid/model fuel and multistage extraction promotes the desulfurization and denitrification abilities of the examined ionic liquids. All selected ionic liquids can be reused and regenerated by means of vacuum evaporation.

scholarly journals Dehydration of bioethanol with both pure ionic liquids and an ionic liquid anchored to mesoporous silica: A comparative study

2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 113-119 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luz A. Carreño-Díaz
Keyword(s):  
Ionic Liquid ◽  
Ionic Liquids ◽  
Atmospheric Pressure ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Covalent Bond ◽  
Mass Ratio ◽  
Relative Volatility ◽  
Imidazolium Chloride ◽  
The Matrix ◽  
Mesoporous Sio2

Bioethanol is produced by the fermentation of different raw materials; anhydrous ethanol is used as biofuel. This article reports the study of the dehydration of bioethanol by breaking the azeotrope, using ionic liquids as entrainers. Three ionic liquids (LIs) [EMIM][Cl], [EMIM][OAc], and [BMIM][Cl] were tested as entrainers; the behavior of ternary mixes of bioethanol-water-LI were evaluated through the activity coefficients and the relative volatility of bioethanol at 80°C and atmospheric pressure. In this first study it was concluded that the [EMIM][Cl] was the most effective IL for dehydration purposes: bioethanol (93.45 % v/v) after three cycles of extraction was (99.20 % v/v) when a mass ratio bioethanol-IL of 0.55 was used. Based on the first study, a composite was prepared by anchoring the LI 1-ethyl-(3-trimethoxysilil) propyl imidazolium chloride to mesoporous SiO2. The composite was characterized and it has been confirmed that there is a covalent bond between the IL and the matrix. The material was tested as dehydrating agent; results of these two studies were compared and showed that the pure ionic liquids could be used as entrainers in extractive distillations, breaking water-ethanol azeotrope, also showing the same ionic liquids able to be anchored to matrices as solid composites for dehydration, offering additional advantages such as selectivity, less time consuming, recyclability, and significantly diminishes (84%), the requirement for the amount of the IL.

Study on the Chemical Modification of Cellulose in Ionic Liquid with Maleic Anhydride

2012 ◽  
Vol 581-582 ◽  
pp. 287-291 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hai Feng Li ◽  
Huan Li ◽  
Xuan Zhong ◽  
Xin Da Li ◽  
Magdi E. Gibril ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ionic Liquid ◽  
Ionic Liquids ◽  
Infrared Spectroscopy ◽  
Reaction Time ◽  
Thermogravimetric Analysis ◽  
Maleic Anhydride ◽  
Chemical Modification ◽  
Cotton Cellulose ◽  
Optimal Conditions ◽  
Mass Ratio

Dissolution and regeneration of cotton cellulose using ionic liquids as solvent was investigated. In this paper, modification of celluloses with maleic anhydride (MA) was carried out in ionic liquid,1-allyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride(AmimCl).The maleylation celluloses with degrees of substitution (DS) between 0.85and 1.46 were accessible in IL. The effects of reaction time, temperature and mass ratio of the MA in cellulose were investigated. These maleylation celluloses were characterized by infrared spectroscopy, thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). Experiments showed that the optimal conditions for grafting were: mass ratio of maleic anhydride and cotton cellulose 0.8; reaction time of 90 min; temperature of 80 °C.

Ionic liquid@MIL-101 prepared via the ship-in-bottle technique: remarkable adsorbents for the removal of benzothiophene from liquid fuel

2016 ◽  
Vol 52 (12) ◽  
pp. 2561-2564 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nazmul Abedin Khan ◽  
Zubair Hasan ◽  
Sung Hwa Jhung
Keyword(s):  
Ionic Liquid ◽  
Ionic Liquids ◽  
Liquid Fuel ◽  
Metal Organic Framework ◽  
Adsorptive Desulfurization ◽  
Model Fuel ◽  
Metal Organic ◽  
Organic Framework

Ionic liquids were firstly synthesized in a pore of metal–organic framework via a ship-in-bottle technique; and the obtained IL@MOF showed a remarkable reusability/stability in the adsorptive desulfurization of model fuel.

Separation of Naphthenic Acid Using Hydroxide Based Ionic Liquids

2014 ◽  
Vol 625 ◽  
pp. 570-573 ◽  
Author(s):  
Syed Nasir Shah ◽  
Mohammed Ibrahim Abdul Mutalib ◽  
Rashidah Binti Mohd Pilus ◽  
Kallidanthiyil Chellappan Lethesh
Keyword(s):  
Ionic Liquid ◽  
Ionic Liquids ◽  
Naphthenic Acid ◽  
Liquid Model ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Different Temperatures ◽  
Model Oil

Isolation of naphthenic acid from model oil using hydroxide based ionic liquid was investigated. A detailed de-acidification study at different temperatures and different ionic liquid/model oil was performed and the content of naphthenic acid before and after extraction was calculated. The ILs containing hydroxide anions has the potential to completely deacidify model oil having high TAN with extremely low ionic liquid /oil ratio.

scholarly journals Extraction of Zinc Metal ions from Aqueous Solution Using Ionic Liquids

2020 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Aqueous Solution ◽  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Ionic Liquid ◽  
Ionic Liquids ◽  
Metal Ions ◽  
Heavy Metal Ions ◽  
Metal Extraction ◽  
Extraction Behavior ◽  
Liquid Liquid Extraction ◽  
Hydrophobic Ionic Liquids

<p>This work analyzes the extraction behavior of transition heavy metal Zinc and other metal ions such as Copper, and Cadmium from hydrochloride aqueous solution in the absence of chelating agents by using a novel class of hydrophobic ionic liquids. Ionic liquid for this study was synthesized based on 1-(n-alkyl)-3-methylimidazolium cations and hexafluorophosphate anions followed by the metathesis route at room temperature were evaluated. The advantages of using these ionic liquids include their simple synthesis and sustainability. Which makes them “Greener and Simpler” compared to other solvents used for metal extraction. The experimental results show that ionic liquid 1-Butyl-3-methylimidazolium hexafluorophosphate, [BMPSM][PF6] entirely removed of Zinc (extraction percentage 94.4%) and other Copper and Cadmium heavy metals from the aqueous solutions. Based on the results, the use of ionic liquids for selected heavy metal ions as a substitute to the traditional extraction agents in liquid/liquid extraction of heavy metal ions shows considerable potential and is quite promising and promoting for further extraction.</p>

scholarly journals Synthesis of glucose esters from cellulose in ionic liquids

Holzforschung ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 66 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Igor A. Ignatyev ◽  
Charlie Van Doorslaer ◽  
Pascal G.N. Mertens ◽  
Koen Binnemans ◽  
Dirk E. de Vos
Keyword(s):  
Ionic Liquid ◽  
Ionic Liquids ◽  
Acetic Anhydride ◽  
Liquid Extraction ◽  
Simple Liquid ◽  
Reaction Conditions ◽  
Liquid Liquid Extraction ◽  
Optimized Conditions ◽  
Glucose Pentaacetate ◽  
Acidic Resin

Abstract The transformation of cellulose into glucose ester α-d-glucose pentaacetate (GPAc) was carried out in ionic liquid 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride under mild reaction conditions. The reaction comprises two steps: the first involves a hydrolysis reaction, yielding α-d-glucose and glucose oligomers; and then only after some time, the acetylating reagent acetic anhydride is added. Under optimized conditions and with the acidic resin Amberlyst 15DRY as a hydrolysis catalyst, a 70% yield of GPAc was obtained. This product could be quantitatively isolated by simple liquid-liquid extraction, which allowed easy recycling of the ionic liquid and catalyst.

Mapping the “Extra Solvent Power, ESP” of Ionic Liquids for Monomers, Polymers and Globular Nanoparticles

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jose A. Pomposo
Keyword(s):  
Ionic Liquid ◽  
Ionic Liquids ◽  
Linear Polymers ◽  
Green Solvents ◽  
Ionic Polymers ◽  
First Time ◽  
Solvent Power

Understanding the miscibility behavior of ionic liquid (IL) / monomer, IL / polymer and IL / nanoparticle mixtures is critical for the use of ILs as green solvents in polymerization processes, and to rationalize recent observations concerning the superior solubility of some proteins in ILs when compared to standard solvents. In this work, the most relevant results obtained in terms of a three-component Flory-Huggins theory concerning the “Extra Solvent Power, ESP” of ILs when compared to traditional non-ionic solvents for monomeric solutes (case I), linear polymers (case II) and globular nanoparticles (case III) are presented. Moreover, useful ESP maps are drawn for the first time for IL mixtures corresponding to case I, II and III. Finally, a potential pathway to improve the miscibility of non-ionic polymers in ILs is also proposed.

Dynamics of Ion Locking in Doubly Polymerized Ionic Liquids

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Swati Arora ◽  
Julisa Rozon ◽  
Jennifer Laaser
Keyword(s):  
Dielectric Constant ◽  
Ionic Liquid ◽  
Ionic Liquids ◽  
Ion Pairs ◽  
Polymer Chains ◽  
Ion Motion ◽  
Charged Species ◽  
Broadband Dielectric Spectroscopy ◽  
Covalently Linked ◽  
Insight Into

<div>In this work, we investigate the dynamics of ion motion in “doubly-polymerized” ionic liquids (DPILs) in which both charged species of an ionic liquid are covalently linked to the same polymer chains. Broadband dielectric spectroscopy is used to characterize these materials over a broad frequency and temperature range, and their behavior is compared to that of conventional “singly-polymerized” ionic liquids (SPILs) in which only one of the charged species is attached to the polymer chains. Polymerization of the DPIL decreases the bulk ionic conductivity by four orders of magnitude relative to both SPILs. The timescales for local ionic rearrangement are similarly found to be approximately four orders of magnitude slower in the DPILs than in the SPILs, and the DPILs also have a lower static dielectric constant. These results suggest that copolymerization of the ionic monomers affects ion motion on both the bulk and the local scales, with ion pairs serving to form strong physical crosslinks between the polymer chains. This study provides quantitative insight into the energetics and timescales of ion motion that drive the phenomenon of “ion locking” currently under investigation for new classes of organic electronics.</div>

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