scholarly journals Surface-Treated versus Untreated Large-Bore Catheters as Vascular Access in Hemodialysis and Apheresis Treatments

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rolf Bambauer ◽  
Ralf Schiel ◽  
Carolin Bambauer ◽  
Reinhard Latza
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscope ◽  
Retrospective Study ◽  
Outer Surface ◽  
Bacterial Colonization ◽  
Ion Beam ◽  
Treatment Processes ◽  
Ion Beam Assisted Deposition ◽  
Biological Surface ◽  
Scanning Electron

Background. Catheter-related infections, thrombosis, and stenosis are among the most frequent complications associated with catheters, which are inserted in vessels. Surface treatment processes of the outer surface, such as ion-beam-assisted deposition, can be used to mitigate such complications.Methods. This retrospective study (1992–2007) evaluated silver-coated (54 patients) and noncoated (105 patients) implanted large-bore catheters used for extracorporeal detoxification. The catheters were inserted into the internal jugular or subclavian veins. After removal, the catheters were cultured for bacterial colonization using standard microbiologic assays. They also were examined using scanning electron microscope.Results. The silver coated catheters showed a tendency towards longer in situ time. The microbiologic examinations of the catheter tips were in both catheter types high positive, but not significant.Conclusion. The silver-coated catheters showed no significantly reduction in infection rate by evaluation of all collected data in this retrospective study. There was no association between both catheters in significantly reducing savings in treatment costs and in reducing patient discomfort. Other new developed catheter materials such as the microdomain-structured inner and outer surface are considered more biocompatible because they mimic the structure of natural biological surface.

Ion Beam Etching of Biological Material in the Scanning Electron Microscope

1969 ◽  
Vol 27 ◽  
pp. 10-11
Author(s):  
Patrick Echlin ◽  
David Kynaston ◽  
Paul M. Knights
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscope ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscope ◽  
Biological Material ◽  
Ion Beam ◽  
Ion Source ◽  
Ion Beam Etching ◽  
Dynamic Experiments ◽  
First Time ◽  
Scanning Electron

An ion source has been designed to operate in the chamber of the Stereoscan scanning electron microscope and provides facilities for etching specimens in situ. The source is a demountable cold cathode discharge type requiring only simple control.The ion beam described above has been used to progressively etch away hard or resilient biological material. This is the first time that ion beam etching of botanical specimens has been followed inside the scanning microscope, and marks the beginning of a range of dynamic experiments using this form of instrumentation.

scholarly journals Hydrogen-enhanced cracking revealed by in situ micro-cantilever bending test inside environmental scanning electron microscope

2017 ◽  
Vol 375 (2098) ◽  
pp. 20170106 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yun Deng ◽  
Tarlan Hajilou ◽  
Afrooz Barnoush
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscope ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscope ◽  
Ion Beam ◽  
Environmental Scanning Electron Microscope ◽  
Bending Test ◽  
Environmental Scanning ◽  
Micro Cantilever ◽  
Cantilever Bending ◽  
Scanning Electron

To evaluate the hydrogen (H)-induced embrittlement in iron aluminium intermetallics, especially the one with stoichiometric composition of 50 at.% Al, a novel in situ micro-cantilever bending test was applied within an environmental scanning electron microscope (ESEM), which provides both a full process monitoring and a clean, in situ H-charging condition. Two sets of cantilevers were analysed in this work: one set of un-notched cantilevers, and the other set with focused ion beam-milled notch laying on two crystallographic planes: (010) and (110). The cantilevers were tested under two environmental conditions: vacuum (approximately 5 × 10 −4  Pa) and ESEM (450 Pa water vapour). Crack initiation at stress-concentrated locations and propagation to cause catastrophic failure were observed when cantilevers were tested in the presence of H; while no cracking occurred when tested in vacuum. Both the bending strength for un-notched beams and the fracture toughness for notched beams were reduced under H exposure. The hydrogen embrittlement (HE) susceptibility was found to be orientation dependent: the (010) crystallographic plane was more fragile to HE than the (110) plane. This article is part of the themed issue ‘The challenges of hydrogen and metals’.

In-situ integrity control of frozen-hydrated, vitreous lamellas prepared by the cryo-focused ion beam-scanning electron microscope

2013 ◽  
Vol 183 (1) ◽  
pp. 11-18 ◽  
Author(s):  
D.A. Matthijs de Winter ◽  
Rob J. Mesman ◽  
Michael F. Hayles ◽  
Chris T.W.M. Schneijdenberg ◽  
Cliff Mathisen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscope ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscope ◽  
Focused Ion Beam ◽  
Ion Beam ◽  
Beam Scanning ◽  
Scanning Electron

Development of Hybrid MEMS/FIB Processes and Applications of Three-pronged Active Nanotweezers For Manipulation of Nano Objects

2006 ◽  
Vol 983 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xuefeng Wang ◽  
Chang Liu
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Nanotubes ◽  
Electron Microscope ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscope ◽  
Focused Ion Beam ◽  
Ion Beam ◽  
In Situ Characterization ◽  
End Effectors ◽  
Scanning Electron

AbstractWe report recent development of a three-probe micromachined nanomanipulator for manipulation and in-situ characterization of nanomaterials in scanning electron microscope (SEM). The nanomanipulator consists of three independent probes having thermal bimetallic actuators and nanoscopic end-effectors. Nanoscale end-effectors with sub-100-nm spacing are created using focused ion beam (FIB) milling to directly interface with nanoscopic objects (e.g., nanotubes, nanowires). Handling of individual carbon nanotubes (CNTs) was successfully realized with the nanomanipulator in an SEM.

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