scholarly journals Towards an Automatic Parameter-Tuning Framework for Cost Optimization on Video Encoding Cloud

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaowei Li ◽  
Yi Cui ◽  
Yuan Xue
Keyword(s):  
Service Provider ◽  
Cost Optimization ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Parameter Tuning ◽  
Resource Consumption ◽  
Video Encoding ◽  
Digital Videos ◽  
Parameter Configuration ◽  
The One ◽  
Automatic Parameter Tuning

The emergence of cloud encoding services facilitates many content owners, such as the online video vendors, to transcode their digital videos without infrastructure setup. Such service provider charges the customers only based on their resource consumption. For both the service provider and customers, lowering the resource consumption while maintaining the quality is valuable and desirable. Thus, to choose a cost-effective encoding parameter, configuration is essential and challenging due to the tradeoff between bitrate, encoding speed, and resulting quality. In this paper, we explore the feasibility of an automatic parameter-tuning framework, based on which the above objective can be achieved. We introduce a simple service model, which combines the bitrate and encoding speed into a single value: encoding cost. Then, we conduct an empirical study to examine the relationship between the encoding cost and various parameter settings. Our experiment is based on the one-pass Constant Rate Factor method in x264, which can achieve relatively stable perceptive quality, and we vary each parameter we choose to observe how the encoding cost changes. The experiment results show that the tested parameters can be independently tuned to minimize the encoding cost, which makes the automatic parameter-tuning framework feasible and promising for optimizing the cost on video encoding cloud.

scholarly journals Sprouting of Sorghum (Sorghum bicolor [L.] Moench): Effect of Drying Treatment on Protein and Starch Features

Foods ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 407 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mia Marchini ◽  
Alessandra Marti ◽  
Claudia Folli ◽  
Barbara Prandi ◽  
Tommaso Ganino ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Food Production ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
High Exposure ◽  
Effective Technology ◽  
Drying Treatment ◽  
Higher Temperature ◽  
Lower Temperature ◽  
The One ◽  
Drying Conditions ◽  
Sorghum Bicolor L

The nutritional and physicochemical properties of sorghum proteins and starch make the use of this cereal for food production challenging. Sprouting is a cost-effective technology to improve the nutritional and functional profile of grains. Two drying treatments were used after sorghum sprouting to investigate whether the drying phase could improve the protein and starch functionalities. Results showed that the drying treatment at lower temperature/longer time (40 °C for 12 h) extended the enzymatic activity that started during sprouting compared to the one performed at higher temperature/shorter time (50 °C for 6 h). An increased protein hydrolysis and water- and oil-holding capacity were found in the flour obtained by the former treatment. Higher protein matrix hydrolysis caused high exposure of starch to enzymes, thus increasing its digestibility, while worsening the technological functionality. Overall, modulating drying conditions could represent a further way, in addition to sprouting, to improve sorghum flour’s nutritional profile.

scholarly journals Adaptive sensing scheme using naive Bayes classification for environment monitoring with drone

2018 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 155014771875603 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yao-Hua Ho ◽  
Yu-Te Huang ◽  
Hao-Hua Chu ◽  
Ling-Jyh Chen
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Changes ◽  
Naive Bayes ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Parameter Tuning ◽  
Naïve Bayes ◽  
Spatial Distance ◽  
Environmental Sensors ◽  
Adaptive Sensing ◽  
Naive Bayes Classification ◽  
Naïve Bayes Classification

Environmental sensors are important for collecting data to understand environmental changes and analyze environmental issues. In order to effectively monitor environmental changes, high-density sensor deployment and evenly distributed spatial distance between sensors become the requirements and desired properties for such applications. In many applications, sensors are deployed in locations that are difficult and dangerous to reach (e.g. mountaintop or skyscraper roof). To collect data from those sensors, unmanned aerial vehicles are used to act as data mules to overcome the problem of collecting data in challenging environments. In this article, we extend the adaptive return-to-home sensing algorithm with a parameter-tuning algorithm that combines naive Bayes classification and binary search to adapt adaptive return-to-home sensing parameters effectively on the fly. The proposed approach is able to (1) optimize number of sensing attempts, (2) reduce oscillation of the distance for consecutive attempts, and (3) reserve enough power for drone to return-to-home. Our results show that the naive Bayes classification–enhanced adaptive return-to-home sensing scheme is able to avoid oscillation in sensing and guarantees return-to-home feature while behaving more cost-effective in parameter tuning than the other machine learning–based approaches.

The cost competitiveness, competitiveness and sustainability of the hospitality industry in India

2016 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 432-443 ◽  
Author(s):  
Madhu Vij
Keyword(s):  
Hospitality Industry ◽  
Cost Optimization ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Comprehensive Treatment ◽  
Global Level ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Present Context ◽  
Cost Competitiveness ◽  
Internal Operations ◽  
The Cost

Purpose This study aims to provide a comprehensive treatment of the various issues surrounding the concept of the cost competitiveness, competitiveness and sustainability of the hospitality industry. We also investigate how innovations in the Indian hospitality industry can optimize costs without compromising the quality of the product or the services offered. Design/methodology/approach The methodology used is mainly survey-based with the use of both structured and unstructured questionnaires. In addition, some interviews were conducted with policy-makers and academics to explore from their perspectives what might be the innovations and sustainability issues in the next decade. Findings The paper helps to identify the essential aspects of cost competitiveness, competitiveness and sustainability in the hospitality industry and to better understand if cost optimization can be accomplished simply by realigning process or cost. These issues have become very important in India in the present context of globalization. Practical implications With growing competition on a global level, the hospitality industry needs to proactively manage its internal operations and focus on reducing costs and raising service quality. In this context, the paper helps to reveal sustainable cost effective practices that are geared to today’s competitive environment. Originality/value The inspiration to write this paper arises from the recent global economic slowdown and the fact that the hospitality industry is confronted with growing competition on a global level. This study highlights how value can be created for customers by applying suitable strategies.

scholarly journals Simple and Visible Detection of Novel Astroviruses Causing Fatal Gout in Goslings Using One-Step Reverse Transcription Polymerase Spiral Reaction Method

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jun Ji ◽  
Qinxi Chen ◽  
Zhengli Yu ◽  
Xin Xu ◽  
Xinhao Mu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Reverse Transcription ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Pcr Primers ◽  
Probit Regression ◽  
Conventional Pcr ◽  
Specific Detection ◽  
Isothermal Method ◽  
Naked Eye ◽  
One Step ◽  
The One

In this study, a one-step isothermal method combining polymerase spiral reaction (PSR) with reverse transcription (RT-PSR) was established for rapid and specific detection of novel astroviruses causing fatal gout in goslings (N-GoAstV). The one-step RT-PSR was accomplished at the optimal temperature of 62°C and time of 40 min and used primers simply designed as conventional PCR primers, and the results of detection were visible to the naked eye. The detection limit of PSR was above 34.7 copies/μL at a 95% probability level according to probit regression analysis. The assay specifically detected N-GoAstV, and no other reference viruses were detected. These results suggest that the newly established RT-PSR assay could, in one step, accomplish reverse-transcription, amplification, and result determination providing a visible, convenient, rapid, and cost-effective test that can be carried out onsite, in order to ensure timely quarantine of N-GoAstV-infected birds, leading to effective disease control.

scholarly journals Bicluster CC Algoritm Analysis to Identify Patterns of Food Insecurity in Indonesia

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 325-338
Author(s):  
Raditya Novidianto ◽  
Rini Irfani
Keyword(s):  
Food Insecurity ◽  
Agricultural Sector ◽  
Parameter Tuning ◽  
Mean Square ◽  
Calorie Consumption ◽  
Food And Agriculture ◽  
Food And Agriculture Organization ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Best Parameter ◽  
The One

Indonesia is known as an agricultural country. This means that most of the population work in the agricultural sector related to food. However, food insecurity still occurs in Indonesia. With the COVID-19 pandemic, the Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) stated that there was a threat of food scarcity which had an impact on food insecurity conditions. This would undermine the second goal of the SDGs, which is to end hunger and create sustainable agriculture. The purpose of this study was to determine the spatial pattern of food insecurity in each province in Indonesia using the bicluster method. The data used are data from Susenas and Sakernas by BPS in 2019. Several studies show that the bicluster method with the CC algorithm shows that each province group has a different characteristic pattern. In the bicluster approach, the researcher runs parameter tuning to select the best parameter based on the Mean Square Residual in Volume (MSR / V). The CC algorithm tries to get a bicluster with a low MSR value, therefore the best parameter is the one that produces the smallest MSR / V value, in this study the smallest MSR / V is 0,01737 with δ = 0,01. The application of the CC biclustering algorithm to the food insecurity structure in Indonesia results in 5 bicluster. Bicluster 1 consists of 15 provinces with 8 variables, Bicluster 2 consists of 10 provinces with 5 variables, Bicluster 3 consists of 3 provinces with 7 variables, Bicluster 4 consists of 4 provinces with 4 variables and Bicluster 5 consists of 2 provinces with 5 variables. Biculster 4 represents a cluster of food insecurity areas with the characteristics of the bicluster P0, P1, P2 and calorie consumption of less than 1400 KKAL.

A computer simulation model of forest fire suppression with air tankers

1979 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 390-398 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. J. Simard
Keyword(s):  
Computer Simulation ◽  
Simulation Model ◽  
Historical Data ◽  
Fire Suppression ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Computer Simulation Model ◽  
Fire Dynamics ◽  
Data Output ◽  
The One ◽  
Fire Ground

A computer simulation model which evaluates air tanker productivity and effectiveness is described. Three hundred equations are required to define the model, which consists of five components: administration, the environment, the fire, ground suppression, and air tanker utilization. AIRPRO, a computer program based on the model, tests various combinations of air tanker resources and tactics and selects the one which minimizes suppression cost plus damage caused by fire. The program contains four loops: the fire, the tactic, the event, and fire dynamics (growth and suppression). The environmental, fire, and ground suppression components were validated by comparing model output with historical data. Output of the air tanker component was examined for reasonableness, compared with previous research, and a sensitivity analysis was performed. It is concluded that an assumption of model validity is reasonable. In applying the model in New Brunswick, it was found that medium sized land-based air tankers were the most cost effective, followed by small land-based air tankers. It was also found that a fleet of three or four aircraft would be optimum.

Better regulation, administrative sanctions and constitutional values

Legal Studies ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 33 (2) ◽  
pp. 312-339
Author(s):  
Karen Yeung
Keyword(s):  
Due Process ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
The Other ◽  
Regulatory Enforcement ◽  
The Rule Of Law ◽  
Enforcement Action ◽  
Better Regulation ◽  
The One ◽  
The Uk ◽  
Administrative Sanctions

This paper interrogates the predisposition in favour of informal, low-intervention control styles of enforcement advocated by the ‘better regulation’ movement, and which resonates throughout the Hampton Report recommendations which are currently being implemented in the UK. It focuses on three practices that reflect the trend towards diverting regulatory enforcement action away from the courts in favour of reliance on formal administrative sanctioning powers ranging from ‘hard’ to ‘soft’: the use of negotiated penalty settlements, the acceptance of administrative undertakings (‘enforcement undertakings’) and the provision of firm-specific compliance advice by regulators. Each practice is explored through various analytical lenses which enable the underlying constitutional tensions to be identified and interrogated. In so doing, it demonstrates how the emphasis on bargaining, negotiation and discussions between regulators and those they are responsible for regulating advocated by the UK better regulation movement may antagonise several constitutional values, including transparency, accountability, due process and participation, as well as several values associated with formal conceptions of the rule of law. On the other hand, resort to negotiation and discussion in regulatory enforcement can generate important benefits, largely in facilitating the timely, creative and cost-effective resolution of enforcement disputes while avoiding the formality, delay and hostility associated with formal court adjudication. This ‘clash of logics’ can be traced to inherent differences between bargaining, on the one hand, and adjudication on the other. Bargaining and adjudication represent two quite different and distinct forms of ordering through which disputes can be resolved, and it is these differences that lie at the foundation of their respective virtues and shortcomings when employed to resolve disputes concerning regulatory violations.

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