scholarly journals Nucleic Acid, Antibody, and Virus Culture Methods to Detect Xenotropic MLV-Related Virus in Human Blood Samples

2011 ◽  
Vol 2011 ◽  
pp. 1-12 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. F. Kearney ◽  
K. Lee ◽  
R. K. Bagni ◽  
A. Wiegand ◽  
J. Spindler ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Prostate Cancer ◽  
Nucleic Acids ◽  
Chronic Fatigue ◽  
Culture Methods ◽  
Blood Samples ◽  
Replication Competent Virus ◽  
Fatigue Syndrome ◽  
22Rv1 Cell ◽  
Highly Sensitive ◽  
Human Blood Samples

The MLV-related retrovirus, XMRV, was recently identified and reported to be associated with both prostate cancer and chronic fatigue syndrome. At the National Cancer Institute-Frederick, MD (NCI-Frederick), we developed highly sensitive methods to detect XMRV nucleic acids, antibodies, and replication competent virus. Analysis of XMRV-spiked samples and/or specimens from two pigtail macaques experimentally inoculated with 22Rv1 cell-derived XMRV confirmed the ability of the assays used to detect XMRV RNA and DNA, and culture isolatable virus when present, along with XMRV reactive antibody responses. Using these assays, we did not detect evidence of XMRV in blood samples () or prostate specimens () from two independent cohorts of patients with prostate cancer. Previous studies detected XMRV in prostate tissues. In the present study, we primarily investigated the levels of XMRV in blood plasma samples collected from patients with prostate cancer. These results demonstrate that while XMRV-related assays developed at the NCI-Frederick can readily measure XMRV nucleic acids, antibodies, and replication competent virus, no evidence of XMRV was found in the blood of patients with prostate cancer.

Neuroendocrine Assessment of Serotonin (5-HT) Function in Chronic Fatigue Syndrome

1995 ◽  
Vol 40 (2) ◽  
pp. 93-96 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. Yatham Lakshmi ◽  
L. Morehouse Rachel ◽  
B. Terry Chisholm ◽  
A. Haase David ◽  
D. Macdonald Dianne ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Fatigue Syndrome ◽  
Chronic Fatigue ◽  
Healthy Controls ◽  
Hormonal Responses ◽  
Age And Gender ◽  
Blood Samples ◽  
Fatigue Syndrome ◽  
Cortisol Responses ◽  
Cortisol Levels ◽  
And Gender

Prolactin and Cortisol responses to dl-fenfluramine challenge were examined in 11 patients with chronic fatigue syndrome and in 11 healthy controls who were age and gender matched. After obtaining two baseline samples, each subject was given 60 mg of dl-fenfluramine orally and further blood samples were drawn hourly during the following five hours in order to measure prolactin and Cortisol levels. There was no difference in either baseline or fenfluramine-induced hormonal responses between patients with chronic fatigue syndrome and controls. There was also no correlation between depression scores on HAM-D and hormonal responses in patients with chronic fatigue syndrome. The findings of this study do not support a role for 5-HT in chronic fatigue syndrome.

Nuclear Accumulation of Mercury in Neutrophil Granulocytes Associated with Exposure from Dental Amalgam

2003 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Lindvall ◽  
R. Hudecek
Keyword(s):  
Side Effects ◽  
Venous Blood ◽  
Chronic Fatigue ◽  
Dental Amalgam ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Neutrophil Granulocytes ◽  
Blood Samples ◽  
Nuclear Microscopy ◽  
Fatigue Syndrome ◽  
Occupationally Exposed

Corrosion and wear of dental amalgam may be associated with unexpectedly high levels of endogenous exposure to heavy metals. According to WHO, the resulting uptake of mercury exceeds that from all other sources in persons not occupationally exposed (WHO 1991) and a daily uptake level of 100 μg has been reported (Barregard et al. 1995). Due to the distribution patterns of mercury, standard blood and urine analyses give meager information on the response of the organism to this exposure. We here present data from nuclear microscopy analysis of neutrophil granulocytes (short-lived cells in the immune system cascade) in peripheral blood. Blood samples were drawn from patients suffering from possible side effects from dental amalgam. Their symptoms resembled those of the Chronic Fatigue Syndrome (Fukuda 1994), and the onset or intensity of the symptoms were related to occasional increased exposure to dental amalgam e.g., unprotected placing/drilling of the material. Data showed profound derangement of several cellular trace elements in the patient group and in some cases the substitution of mercury for zinc in the nuclear area. This supports the contention that systemic side effects from dental amalgam may occur. Venous blood samples were drawn from a cohort of Caucasian patients (n = 25) with a chronic debilitating illness, possibly related to the exposure from dental amalgam, and cell preparations were done as previously described (Johansson 1984, Lindh 1997). The same procedure was performed on blood samples from an age- and sex-matched healthy control group (n = 22) with similar numbers of amalgam fillings. A freeze-dried monolayer preparation of neutrophil granulocytes from each subject was investigated by means of nuclear microscopy (Zidenberg-Cherr). Thirty cells from each subject were analyzed in a subsequent manner and means and variances of the elemental concentrations of calcium (Ca), manganese (Mn), iron (Fe), zinc (Zn), and mercury (Hg) were calculated. In addition, the intracellular distribution of zinc and mercury was investigated in a few cells from both patients and controls by means of a nuclear microscopy elemental mapping technique. Cells with mercury levels above the detection limit (0.5 μg/kg dry weight) were investigated as well as cells with no detectable mercury.

scholarly journals Raltegravir Is a Potent Inhibitor of XMRV, a Virus Implicated in Prostate Cancer and Chronic Fatigue Syndrome

PLoS ONE ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
pp. e9948 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ila R. Singh ◽  
John E. Gorzynski ◽  
Daria Drobysheva ◽  
Leda Bassit ◽  
Raymond F. Schinazi
Keyword(s):  
Prostate Cancer ◽  
Chronic Fatigue Syndrome ◽  
Potent Inhibitor ◽  
Chronic Fatigue ◽  
Fatigue Syndrome

scholarly journals XMRV Discovery and Prostate Cancer-Related Research

2011 ◽  
Vol 2011 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
David E. Kang ◽  
Michael C. Lee ◽  
Jaydip Das Gupta ◽  
Eric A. Klein ◽  
Robert H. Silverman
Keyword(s):  
Prostate Cancer ◽  
Cell Lines ◽  
Leukemia Virus ◽  
Chronic Fatigue ◽  
Rnase L ◽  
Primate Model ◽  
Related Research ◽  
Fatigue Syndrome ◽  
Healthy Control ◽  
Tract Infections

Xenotropic murine leukemia virus-related virus (XMRV) was first reported in 2006 in a study of human prostate cancer patients with genetic variants of the antiviral enzyme, RNase L. Subsequent investigations in North America, Europe, Asia, and Africa have either observed or failed to detect XMRV in patients (prostate cancer, chronic fatigue syndrome-myalgic encephalomyelitis (CFS-ME), and immunosuppressed with respiratory tract infections) or normal, healthy, control individuals. The principal confounding factors are the near ubiquitous presence of mouse-derived reagents, antibodies and cells, and often XMRV itself, in laboratories. XMRV infects and replicates well in many human cell lines, but especially in certain prostate cancer cell lines. XMRV also traffics to prostate in a nonhuman primate model of infection. Here, we will review the discovery of XMRV and then focus on prostate cancer-related research involving this intriguing virus.

scholarly journals Failure to Detect XMRV-Specific Antibodies in the Plasma of CFS Patients Using Highly Sensitive Chemiluminescence Immunoassays

2011 ◽  
Vol 2011 ◽  
pp. 1-5 ◽  
Author(s):  
Brendan Oakes ◽  
Xiaoxing Qiu ◽  
Susan Levine ◽  
John Hackett ◽  
Brigitte T. Huber
Keyword(s):  
Leukemia Virus ◽  
Chronic Fatigue ◽  
Serological Response ◽  
Healthy Individuals ◽  
Pcr Assay ◽  
Specific Antibodies ◽  
Fatigue Syndrome ◽  
Highly Sensitive ◽  
Human Individual ◽  
Healthy Control

In 2009, Lombardi et al. reported their startling finding that the gammaretrovirus xenotropic murine leukemia virus-related retrovirus (XMRV) is present in 67% of blood samples of patients suffering from chronic fatigue syndrome (CFS), as opposed to only 3.7% of samples from healthy individuals. However, we and others could not confirm these results, using a nested PCR assay. An alternative to this highly sensitive, but contamination-prone, technique is to measure the serological response to XMRV. Thus, we tested the plasma samples from our cohorts of CFS patients and healthy controls for the presence of XMRV-specific antibodies. Using two novel chemiluminescence immunoassays (CMIAs), we show that none of our samples have any XMRV-reactive antibodies. Taken together with our previous findings, we conclude that XMRV is not present in any human individual tested by us, regardless of CFS or healthy control.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document