An Unfolded Map of the Cerebellar Dentate Nucleus and its Projections to the Cerebral Cortex

2003 ◽  
Vol 89 (1) ◽  
pp. 634-639 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard P. Dum ◽  
Peter L. Strick
Keyword(s):  
Cerebral Cortex ◽  
Dentate Nucleus ◽  
Neurotropic Viruses ◽  
Transneuronal Transport ◽  
Posterior Parietal ◽  
Cerebellar Dentate Nucleus ◽  
Premotor Areas

We have used retrograde transneuronal transport of neurotropic viruses to examine the organization of the projections from the dentate nucleus of the cerebellum to “motor” and “nonmotor” areas of the cerebral cortex. To perform this analysis we created an unfolded map of the dentate. Plotting the results from current and prior experiments on this unfolded map revealed important features about the topography of function in the dentate. We found that the projections to the primary motor and premotor areas of the cerebral cortex originated from dorsal portions of the dentate. In contrast, projections to prefrontal and posterior parietal areas of cortex originated from ventral portions of the dentate. Thus the dentate contains anatomically separate and functionally distinct motor and nonmotor domains.

Cerebellar dentate nucleus functional connectivity with cerebral cortex in Alzheimer's disease and memory: a seed-based approach

2020 ◽  
Vol 89 ◽  
pp. 32-40 ◽  
Author(s):  
Giusy Olivito ◽  
Laura Serra ◽  
Camillo Marra ◽  
Carlotta Di Domenico ◽  
Carlo Caltagirone ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Alzheimer's Disease ◽  
Cerebral Cortex ◽  
Functional Connectivity ◽  
Dentate Nucleus ◽  
Cerebellar Dentate Nucleus

scholarly journals Organization of Excitatory Inputs from the Cerebral Cortex to the Cerebellar Dentate Nucleus

1993 ◽  
Vol 20 (S3) ◽  
pp. S19-S28 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shinoda Yoshikazu ◽  
Sugiuchi Yuriko ◽  
Futami Takahiro
Keyword(s):  
Cerebral Cortex ◽  
Dentate Nucleus ◽  
Inferior Olive ◽  
Mossy Fibers ◽  
Excitatory Input ◽  
Control Mechanisms ◽  
Pontine Nucleus ◽  
Pericruciate Cortex ◽  
Cerebellar Dentate Nucleus ◽  
Stimulation Of

ABSTRACT:Intracellular recording was made from dentate nucleus neurons (DNNs) in anesthetized cats, to investigate cerebral inputs to DNNs and their responsible pathways. Stimulation of the medial portion of the contralateral pericruciate cortex most effectively produced EPSPs followed by long-lasting IPSPs in DNNs. Stimulation of the pontine nucleus (PN), the nucleus reticularis tegmenti pontis (NRTP) and the inferior olive (IO) produced monosynaptic EPSPs and polysynaptic IPSPs in DNNs. The results indicate that the excitatory input from the cerebral cortex to DNNs is at least partly relayed via the PN, the NRTP and the 10. Intraaxonal injection of HRP visualized the morphology of mossy fibers from the PN to the DN and the cerebellar cortex. The functional significance of the excitatory inputs from the PN and the NRTP to the DN is discussed in relation to the motor control mechanisms of the cerebellum.

Responses of Cerebellar Interpositus Neurons to Predictable Perturbations Applied to an Object Held in a Precision Grip

2004 ◽  
Vol 91 (3) ◽  
pp. 1230-1239 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joël Monzée ◽  
Allan M. Smith
Keyword(s):  
Cerebral Cortex ◽  
Grip Force ◽  
Dentate Nucleus ◽  
Fruit Juice ◽  
Single Cells ◽  
Precision Grip ◽  
Load Cells ◽  
Pulse Perturbation ◽  
Anticipatory Activity ◽  
Premotor Areas

Two monkeys were trained to lift and hold an instrumented object at a fixed height for 2.5 s using a precision grip. The device was equipped with load cells to measure both the grip and lifting or load forces. On selected blocks of 20-30 trials, a downward force-pulse perturbation was applied to the object after 1.5 s of stationary holding. The animals were required to resist the perturbation to obtain a fruit juice reward. The perturbations invariably elicited a reflex-like, time-locked increase in grip force at latencies between 50 and 100 ms. In this study, we searched for single cells in the interpositus and dentate nuclei with activity related to grasping and lifting, and we tested 127/150 task-related cells for their responses to the perturbation. Of the 127 cells, reflex-like increases or decreases in discharge frequency occurred in 75 cells (59%) at a mean latency of 36 ms. Preparatory increases in grip force preceding the perturbation appeared gradually and increased in strength with repetition in 39/127 (31%) cells. These preparatory increases did not immediately disappear when the perturbations were withdrawn but decreased progressively over repeated trials. Although a few cells showed anticipatory activity without a reflex-like response (15/127 or 12%), the majority of these cells (24/39) displayed both anticipatory and reflex-like responses. From an examination of the histological sections, cells with both anticipatory and reflex-like responses appeared to be confined to the dorsal anterior interpositus, adjacent to, but not within, the dentate nucleus. These results confirm and extend the suggestion by Dugas and Smith that the cerebellum plays a major role in organizing anticipatory responses to predictable perturbations in a manner that medial and lateral premotor areas of the cerebral cortex do not.

Cerebellar Dentate Nucleus in Alzheimer’s Disease with Myoclonus

1999 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 81-88 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuken Fukutani ◽  
NigelJ. Cairns ◽  
IanP. Everall ◽  
Andrew Chadwick ◽  
Kiminori Isaki ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Alzheimer's Disease ◽  
Dentate Nucleus ◽  
Cerebellar Dentate Nucleus

scholarly journals Neuronal Distribution Across the Cerebral Cortex of the Marmoset Monkey (Callithrix jacchus)

2018 ◽  
Vol 29 (9) ◽  
pp. 3836-3863 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nafiseh Atapour ◽  
Piotr Majka ◽  
Ianina H Wolkowicz ◽  
Daria Malamanova ◽  
Katrina H Worthy ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cerebral Cortex ◽  
Visual Cortex ◽  
Complex Interaction ◽  
Anterior Cingulate ◽  
Functional Requirements ◽  
Anterior Cortex ◽  
Neuronal Density ◽  
Marmoset Monkey ◽  
Posterior Parietal ◽  
Neuronal Distribution

Abstract Using stereological analysis of NeuN-stained sections, we investigated neuronal density and number of neurons per column throughout the marmoset cortex. Estimates of mean neuronal density encompassed a greater than 3-fold range, from >150 000 neurons/mm3 in the primary visual cortex to ~50 000 neurons/mm3 in the piriform complex. There was a trend for density to decrease from posterior to anterior cortex, but also local gradients, which resulted in a complex pattern; for example, in frontal, auditory, and somatosensory cortex neuronal density tended to increase towards anterior areas. Anterior cingulate, motor, premotor, insular, and ventral temporal areas were characterized by relatively low neuronal densities. Analysis across the depth of the cortex revealed greater laminar variation of neuronal density in occipital, parietal, and inferior temporal areas, in comparison with other regions. Moreover, differences between areas were more pronounced in the supragranular layers than in infragranular layers. Calculations of the number of neurons per unit column revealed a pattern that was distinct from that of neuronal density, including local peaks in the posterior parietal, superior temporal, precuneate, frontopolar, and temporopolar regions. These results suggest that neuronal distribution in adult cortex result from a complex interaction of developmental/ evolutionary determinants and functional requirements.

Frameless Stereotactic Targeting of the Cerebellar Dentate Nucleus in Nonhuman Primates: Translatable Model for the Surgical Delivery of Gene Therapy

2019 ◽  
Vol 97 (5-6) ◽  
pp. 293-302
Author(s):  
Jeremy S. Wetzel ◽  
Nathan Hardcastle ◽  
Muhibullah S. Tora ◽  
Thais Federici ◽  
Stephen Frey ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Therapy ◽  
Nonhuman Primates ◽  
Dentate Nucleus ◽  
Cerebellar Dentate Nucleus
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