scholarly journals Plasticity of Spinal Cord Reflexes After a Complete Transection in Adult Rats: Relationship to Stepping Ability

2006 ◽  
Vol 96 (4) ◽  
pp. 1699-1710 ◽  
Author(s):  
Igor Lavrov ◽  
Yury P. Gerasimenko ◽  
Ronaldo M. Ichiyama ◽  
Gregoire Courtine ◽  
Hui Zhong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Spinal Cord ◽  
Early Response ◽  
Functional Restoration ◽  
Late Response ◽  
Direct Stimulation ◽  
Adult Rats ◽  
Epidural Stimulation ◽  
Complete Transection ◽  
Spinal Cord Reflexes ◽  
Stimulation Of

Changes in epidurally induced (S1) spinal cord reflexes were studied as a function of the level of restoration of stepping ability after spinal cord transection (ST). Three types of responses were observed. The early response (ER) had a latency of 2.5 to 3 ms and resulted from direct stimulation of motor fibers or motoneurons. The middle response (MR) had a latency of 5 to 7 ms and was monosynaptic. The late response (LR) had a latency of 9 to 11 ms and was polysynaptic. After a complete midthoracic ST, the LR was abolished, whereas the MR was facilitated and progressively increased. The LR reappeared about 3 wk after ST and increased during the following weeks. Restoration of stepping induced by epidural stimulation at 40 Hz coincided with changes in the LR. During the first 2 wk post-ST, rats were unable to step and electrophysiological assessment failed to show any LR. Three weeks post-ST, epidural stimulation resulted in a few steps and these coincided with reappearance of the LR. The ability of rats to step progressively improved from wk 3 to wk 6 post-ST. There was a continuously improved modulation of rhythmic EMG bursts that was correlated with restoration of the LR. These results suggest that restoration of polysynaptic spinal cord reflexes after complete ST coincides with restoration of stepping function when facilitated by epidural stimulation. Combined, these findings support the view that restoration of polysynaptic spinal cord reflexes induced epidurally may provide a measure of functional restoration of spinal cord locomotor networks after ST.

scholarly journals Clinical application of evoked spinal cord potentials elicited by direct stimulation of the cord during temporary occlusion of the thoracic aorta

1994 ◽  
Vol 107 (6) ◽  
pp. 1519-1527 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yoshiro Matsui ◽  
Kazutomo Goh ◽  
Norihiko Shiiya ◽  
Toshihumi Murashita ◽  
Masatoshi Miyama ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Spinal Cord ◽  
Thoracic Aorta ◽  
Clinical Application ◽  
Direct Stimulation ◽  
Temporary Occlusion ◽  
Stimulation Of

scholarly journals Comparison of operation of spinal locomotor networks activated by supraspinal commands and by epidural stimulation of the spinal cord in cats

2020 ◽  
Vol 598 (16) ◽  
pp. 3459-3483 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pavel E. Musienko ◽  
Vladimir F. Lyalka ◽  
Oleg V. Gorskii ◽  
Natalia Merkulyeva ◽  
Yuri P. Gerasimenko ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Spinal Cord ◽  
Epidural Stimulation ◽  
Stimulation Of

Percutaneous epidural stimulation of the spinal cord for relief of pain

1978 ◽  
Vol 48 (3) ◽  
pp. 323-328 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bruno J. Urban ◽  
Blaine S. Nashold
Keyword(s):  
Spinal Cord ◽  
Dorsal Column ◽  
Long Term Results ◽  
Percutaneous Technique ◽  
Intractable Pain ◽  
Epidural Stimulation ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Major Operation ◽  
Stimulation Of

✓ Percutaneous epidural stimulation of the spinal cord was carried out in 20 patients with intractable pain. The procedure proved simple, and no major complications were encountered. The long-term results were comparable to the results obtained after a dorsal column stimulator implant by laminectomy. The percutaneous technique allowed extended trial stimulation without committing the patient to a major operation. Those patients in whom stimulation did not alleviate pain could be identified during a 2-week observation period, and the system could be removed easily. Seven patients were placed on chronic autostimulation and only one of those failed to experience continuing pain relief throughout the follow-up time of up to 2 years. It is concluded that percutaneous epidural stimulation constitutes a valid alternative to dorsal column stimulator implantation.

scholarly journals Trains of Epidural DC Stimulation of the Cerebellum Tune Corticomotor Excitability

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nordeyn Oulad Ben Taib ◽  
Mario Manto
Keyword(s):  
Spinal Cord ◽  
Motor Cortex ◽  
Spatial Representation ◽  
Primary Motor Cortex ◽  
Anterior Horn ◽  
Adult Rats ◽  
Afferent Inhibition ◽  
Antagonist Muscles ◽  
Conditioned Motor ◽  
Stimulation Of

We assessed the effects of anodal/cathodal direct current stimulation (DCS) applied epidurally over the cerebellum. We studied the excitability of both the motor cortex and the anterior horn of the spinal cord in adult rats under continuous anesthesia. We also investigated the effects on the spatial representation of a couple of agonist/antagonist muscles on primary motor cortex. Moreover, we evaluated the effects on the afferent inhibition in a paradigm of conditioned corticomotor responses. Anodal DCS of the cerebellum (1) decreased the excitability of the motor cortex, (2) reduced the excitability ofFwaves, as shown by the decrease of both meanF/meanMratios and persistence ofFwaves, (3) exerted a “smoothing effect” on corticomotor maps, reshaping the representation of muscles on the motor cortex, and (4) enhanced the afferent inhibition of conditioned motor evoked responses. Cathodal DCS of the cerebellum exerted partially reverse effects. DCS of the cerebellum modulates the excitability of both motor cortex and spinal cord at the level of the anterior horn. This is the first demonstration that cerebellar DCS tunes the shape of corticomotor maps. Our findings provide a novel mechanism by which DCS of the cerebellum exerts a remote neuromodulatory effect upon motor cortex.

The Effect of Percutaneous Epidural Stimulation of the Spinal Cord for Brachial Plexopathy

1993 ◽  
Vol 26 (2) ◽  
pp. 333
Author(s):  
Sang Chul Lee ◽  
Ik Hyun Choe ◽  
Sang Min Lee ◽  
Hae Kyoung Kim ◽  
Yong Lak Kim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Spinal Cord ◽  
Brachial Plexopathy ◽  
Epidural Stimulation ◽  
Stimulation Of
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