scholarly journals Commentaries on Viewpoint: Resistance training and exercise tolerance during high-intensity exercise: moving beyond just running economy and muscle strength

2018 ◽  
Vol 124 (2) ◽  
pp. 529-535
Keyword(s):  
Resistance Training ◽  
Muscle Strength ◽  
High Intensity ◽  
Exercise Tolerance ◽  
High Intensity Exercise ◽  
Running Economy

Blood Flow Restriction Training Applied With High-Intensity Exercise Does Not Improve Quadriceps Muscle Function After Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction: A Randomized Controlled Trial

2020 ◽  
Vol 48 (4) ◽  
pp. 825-837 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael T. Curran ◽  
Asheesh Bedi ◽  
Christopher L. Mendias ◽  
Edward M. Wojtys ◽  
Megan V. Kujawa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Muscle Strength ◽  
High Intensity ◽  
Muscle Function ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Cruciate Ligament ◽  
Quadriceps Muscle ◽  
High Intensity Exercise ◽  
Quadriceps Muscle Strength ◽  
Flow Restriction ◽  
Anterior Cruciate

Background: A major goal of rehabilitation after anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction (ACLR) is restoring quadriceps muscle strength. Unfortunately, current rehabilitation paradigms fall short of this goal, such that substantial quadriceps muscle strength deficits can limit return to play and increase the risk of recurrent injuries. Blood flow restriction training (BFRT) involves the obstruction of venous return to working muscles during exercise and may lead to better recovery of quadriceps muscle strength after ACLR. Purpose: To examine the efficacy of BFRT with high-intensity exercise on the recovery of quadriceps muscle function in patients undergoing ACLR. Study Design: Randomized controlled trial; Level of evidence, 2. Methods: A total of 34 patients (19 female, 15 male; mean age, 16.5 ± 2.7 years; mean height, 169.0 ± 19.7 cm; mean weight, 73.2 ± 17.7 kg) scheduled to undergo ACLR were randomly assigned to 1 of 4 groups: concentric (n = 8), eccentric (n = 8), concentric with BFRT (n = 9), and eccentric with BFRT (n = 9). The exercise component of the intervention consisted of patients performing a single-leg isokinetic leg press, at an intensity of 70% of the patients’ 1-repetition maximum during either the concentric or eccentric action, for 4 sets of 10 repetitions 2 times per week for 8 weeks beginning at 10 weeks postoperatively. Patients randomized to the BFRT groups performed the leg-press exercise with a cuff applied to the thigh, set to a limb occlusion pressure of 80%. Isometric and isokinetic (60 deg/s) quadriceps peak torque, quadriceps muscle activation, and rectus femoris muscle volume were assessed before ACLR, after BFRT, and at the time that patients returned to activity and were converted to the change in values from baseline for analysis. Also, 1-way analyses of covariance were used to compare the change in values for each dependent variable between groups after BFRT and at return to activity ( P ≤ .05). Results: No significant differences were found between groups for any outcome measures at either time point ( P > .05). Conclusion: An 8-week BFRT plus high-intensity exercise intervention did not significantly improve quadriceps muscle strength, activation, or volume. On the basis of our findings, the use of BFRT in conjunction with high-intensity resistance exercise in patients undergoing ACLR to improve quadriceps muscle function may not be warranted. Registration: NCT03141801 ( ClinicalTrials.gov identifier)

Effects of high-intensity interval cycling performed after resistance training on muscle strength and hypertrophy

2016 ◽  
Vol 27 (11) ◽  
pp. 1317-1327 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Tsitkanou ◽  
K. Spengos ◽  
A-N. Stasinaki ◽  
N. Zaras ◽  
G. Bogdanis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Resistance Training ◽  
Muscle Strength ◽  
High Intensity ◽  
High Intensity Interval ◽  
Interval Cycling

Pulmonary O2 uptake kinetics as a determinant of high-intensity exercise tolerance in humans

2011 ◽  
Vol 110 (6) ◽  
pp. 1598-1606 ◽  
Author(s):  
Scott R. Murgatroyd ◽  
Carrie Ferguson ◽  
Susan A. Ward ◽  
Brian J. Whipp ◽  
Harry B. Rossiter
Keyword(s):  
Steady State ◽  
High Intensity ◽  
Exercise Tolerance ◽  
Slow Component ◽  
Progressive Increase ◽  
High Intensity Exercise ◽  
Exercise Intolerance ◽  
Exercise Onset ◽  
O2 Uptake Kinetics ◽  
Two Parameters

Tolerance to high-intensity constant-power (P) exercise is well described by a hyperbola with two parameters: a curvature constant (W′) and power asymptote termed “critical power” (CP). Since the ability to sustain exercise is closely related to the ability to meet the ATP demand in a steady state, we reasoned that pulmonary O2 uptake (V̇o2) kinetics would relate to the P-tolerable duration (tlim) parameters. We hypothesized that 1) the fundamental time constant (τV̇o2) would relate inversely to CP; and 2) the slow-component magnitude (ΔV̇o2sc) would relate directly to W′. Fourteen healthy men performed cycle ergometry protocols to the limit of tolerance: 1) an incremental ramp test; 2) a series of constant-P tests to determine V̇o2max, CP, and W′; and 3) repeated constant-P tests (WR6) normalized to a 6 min tlim for τV̇o2 and ΔV̇o2sc estimation. The WR6 tlim averaged 365 ± 16 s, and V̇o2max (4.18 ± 0.49 l/min) was achieved in every case. CP (range: 171–294 W) was inversely correlated with τV̇o2 (18–38 s; R2 = 0.90), and W′ (12.8–29.9 kJ) was directly correlated with ΔV̇o2sc (0.42–0.96 l/min; R2 = 0.76). These findings support the notions that 1) rapid V̇o2 adaptation at exercise onset allows a steady state to be achieved at higher work rates compared with when V̇o2 kinetics are slower; and 2) exercise exceeding this limit initiates a “fatigue cascade” linking W′ to a progressive increase in the O2 cost of power production (V̇o2sc), which, if continued, results in attainment of V̇o2max and exercise intolerance. Collectively, these data implicate V̇o2 kinetics as a key determinant of high-intensity exercise tolerance in humans.

scholarly journals Muscle strength and size gains in older women after four and eight weeks of high-intensity resistance training

2017 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 22-28 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael E Rogers ◽  
◽  
Nicole L Rogers ◽  
Eiji Fujita ◽  
Mohammod M Islam ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Resistance Training ◽  
Muscle Strength ◽  
Older Women ◽  
High Intensity

scholarly journals Effects of intradialytic progressive resistance training on muscle strength, physical capacity and quality of life in end-stage renal disease patients

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (9) ◽  
pp. e33710918195
Author(s):  
Antônio Paulo Castro ◽  
Mônica Costa ◽  
Maycon Reboredo ◽  
Leandro de Oliveira Sant'Ana ◽  
Henrique Mansur ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Resistance Training ◽  
Muscle Strength ◽  
High Intensity ◽  
Physical Capacity ◽  
Progressive Resistance Training ◽  
Sf 36 ◽  
Stage Renal Disease ◽  
End Stage

Objective: This study aimed to investigate the effects of moderate- to high-intensity intradialytic progressive resistance training (IPRT) on muscle strength (MS), physical capacity (PC), and quality of life (QoL) in end-stage renal disease patients. Methods: Twenty-seven sedentary hemodialysis patients (55.5±10.6 years) were divided into a resistance training group (RTG, n=15) and a control group (CG, n=12). Patients of RTG were submitted to IPRT, three times per week for 12 weeks. The Borg’s scale was used for exercise prescription.  Muscle strength was measured using hand grip dynamometry (MS). The sit-to-stand (STS) test and usual walking speed (UWS) test were performed to measure the physical capacity, and the SF-36 questionnaire to evaluate the quality of life (QoL). All patients were evaluated at baseline and after 12 weeks. Results: Moderate- to high-intensity IPRT significantly increased the MS (p=0.001, effect size (ES)=0.98), the physical capacity evaluated by the STS (p=0.002, ES=0.85) and UWS (p=0.014, ES=1.11), and all domains of SF-36 questionnaire (p<0.05). On the other hand, in the CG these variables did not change significantly. The protocol was well tolerated and was not associated with significant clinical complications. Conclusion: Twelve weeks of moderate- to high-intensity IPRT in HD patients was safe and improved MS, PC, and QoL.

scholarly journals Moderate- to high intensity aerobic and resistance exercise reduces peripheral blood regulatory cell populations in older adults with rheumatoid arthritis

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sofia E. M. Andersson ◽  
Elvira Lange ◽  
Daniel Kucharski ◽  
Sara Svedlund ◽  
Karin Önnheim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rheumatoid Arthritis ◽  
Older Adults ◽  
Muscle Strength ◽  
High Intensity ◽  
Intervention Group ◽  
High Intensity Exercise ◽  
Cell Populations ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Regulatory Cells ◽  
Active Control Group

Abstract Objective Exercise can improve immune health and is beneficial for physical function in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA), but the immunological mechanisms are largely unknown. We evaluated the effect of moderate- to high intensity exercise with person-centred guidance on cells of the immune system, with focus on regulatory cell populations, in older adults with RA. Methods Older adults (≥65 years) with RA were randomized to either 20-weeks of moderate – to high intensity aerobic and resistance exercise (n = 24) or to an active control group performing home-based exercise of light intensity (n = 25). Aerobic capacity, muscle strength, DAS28 and CRP were evaluated. Blood samples were collected at baseline and after 20 weeks. The frequency of immune cells defined as adaptive regulatory populations, CD4 + Foxp3 + CD25 + CD127- T regulatory cells (Tregs) and CD19 + CD24hiCD38hi B regulatory cells (Bregs) as well as HLA-DR−/lowCD33 + CD11b + myeloid derived suppressor cells (MDSCs), were assessed using flow cytometry. Results After 20 weeks of moderate- to high intensity exercise, aerobic capacity and muscle strength were significantly improved but there were no significant changes in Disease Activity Score 28 (DAS28) or CRP. The frequency of Tregs and Bregs decreased significantly in the intervention group, but not in the active control group. The exercise intervention had no effect on MDSCs. The reduction in regulatory T cells in the intervention group was most pronounced in the female patients. Conclusion Moderate- to high intensity exercise in older adults with RA led to a decreased proportion of Tregs and Bregs, but that was not associated with increased disease activity or increased inflammation. Trial registration Improved Ability to Cope With Everyday Life Through a Person-centered Training Program in Elderly Patients With Rheumatoid Arthritis - PEP-walk Study, NCT02397798. Registered at ClinicalTrials.gov March 19, 2015.

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