Transfer function analysis of heart rate variability in response to water intake: correlation with gastric myoelectrical activity

2004 ◽  
Vol 96 (6) ◽  
pp. 2226-2230 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. L. Chen ◽  
H. H. Lin ◽  
William C. Orr ◽  
Cheryl C. H. Yang ◽  
Terry B. J. Kuo
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
Heart Rate Variability ◽  
Transfer Function ◽  
Water Intake ◽  
Function Analysis ◽  
Gastric Myoelectrical Activity ◽  
Myoelectrical Activity ◽  
Sinus Arrhythmia ◽  
Transfer Function Analysis ◽  
Before And After

We utilized transfer function analysis of heart rate variability (HRV) and respiration to investigate the effect of water intake on gastric myoelectrical activity and its relationship to vagal activity. The electrogastrography (EGG) and HRV were recorded simultaneously before and after drinking 500 ml of water in 10 healthy subjects. We observed good linearity between lung volumes and HRV signals at a ventilatory rate between 0.2 and 0.4 Hz before and after water intake. The EGG power of 3 cycles/min increased remarkably after the water intake. We found that there was a significant increase in the magnitude of the respiration-HRV transfer function after water intake ( P < 0.05). The EGG 3 cycles/min power was positively correlated with the transfer magnitude throughout the study ( r = 0.54, P = 0.01). These results confirm that transfer function analysis of HRV sensitively identifies subtle changes in the respiratory sinus arrhythmia that occurs with water intake. The present findings suggest that transfer function analysis of HRV and respiration after water intake can be used to evaluate vagal nervous activity in the human gut.

Effect of head-down-tilt bed rest and hypovolemia on dynamic regulation of heart rate and blood pressure

2000 ◽  
Vol 279 (6) ◽  
pp. R2189-R2199 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ken-Ichi Iwasaki ◽  
Rong Zhang ◽  
Julie H. Zuckerman ◽  
James A. Pawelczyk ◽  
Benjamin D. Levine
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Heart Rate ◽  
Transfer Function ◽  
Stroke Volume ◽  
Plasma Volume ◽  
High Frequency ◽  
Function Analysis ◽  
Bed Rest ◽  
Baroreflex Control ◽  
Transfer Function Analysis

Adaptation to head-down-tilt bed rest leads to an apparent abnormality of baroreflex regulation of cardiac period. We hypothesized that this “deconditioning response” could primarily be a result of hypovolemia, rather than a unique adaptation of the autonomic nervous system to bed rest. To test this hypothesis, nine healthy subjects underwent 2 wk of −6° head-down bed rest. One year later, five of these same subjects underwent acute hypovolemia with furosemide to produce the same reductions in plasma volume observed after bed rest. We took advantage of power spectral and transfer function analysis to examine the dynamic relationship between blood pressure (BP) and R-R interval. We found that 1) there were no significant differences between these two interventions with respect to changes in numerous cardiovascular indices, including cardiac filling pressures, arterial pressure, cardiac output, or stroke volume; 2) normalized high-frequency (0.15–0.25 Hz) power of R-R interval variability decreased significantly after both conditions, consistent with similar degrees of vagal withdrawal; 3) transfer function gain (BP to R-R interval), used as an index of arterial-cardiac baroreflex sensitivity, decreased significantly to a similar extent after both conditions in the high-frequency range; the gain also decreased similarly when expressed as BP to heart rate × stroke volume, which provides an index of the ability of the baroreflex to alter BP by modifying systemic flow; and 4) however, the low-frequency (0.05–0.15 Hz) power of systolic BP variability decreased after bed rest (−22%) compared with an increase (+155%) after acute hypovolemia, suggesting a differential response for the regulation of vascular resistance (interaction, P < 0.05). The similarity of changes in the reflex control of the circulation under both conditions is consistent with the hypothesis that reductions in plasma volume may be largely responsible for the observed changes in cardiac baroreflex control after bed rest. However, changes in vasomotor function associated with these two conditions may be different and may suggest a cardiovascular remodeling after bed rest.

scholarly journals Sinus arrhythmia in children with atrial septal defect: an analysis of heart rate variability before and after surgical repair.

Heart ◽  
1989 ◽  
Vol 61 (3) ◽  
pp. 280-284 ◽  
Author(s):  
J P Finley ◽  
S T Nugent ◽  
W Hellenbrand ◽  
M Craig ◽  
D A Gillis
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
Heart Rate Variability ◽  
Atrial Septal Defect ◽  
Septal Defect ◽  
Surgical Repair ◽  
Sinus Arrhythmia ◽  
Before And After

Transfer function analysis of autonomic regulation. II. Respiratory sinus arrhythmia

1989 ◽  
Vol 256 (1) ◽  
pp. H153-H161 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. P. Saul ◽  
R. D. Berger ◽  
M. H. Chen ◽  
R. J. Cohen
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
Transfer Function ◽  
Respiratory Sinus Arrhythmia ◽  
Respiratory Activity ◽  
Autonomic Regulation ◽  
Upright Posture ◽  
Sinus Arrhythmia ◽  
Pass Filter ◽  
Low Pass Filter ◽  
Transfer Function Analysis

An efficient new technique was developed to investigate heart rate control at all physiologically relevant frequencies by using respiratory activity as a frequency probe of the autonomic nervous response. The transfer function from respiratory activity to heart rate was determined during 6-min periods in which the respiratory rate was voluntarily controlled in a predetermined but erratic fashion. Changes in posture were used to manipulate autonomic balance. Respiratory sinus arrhythmia was determined to be a frequency-dependent phenomenon with the magnitude and phase characteristics of a low-pass filter. In agreement with previous work, at typical respiratory frequencies (greater than 0.15 Hz) increases in heart rate occurred simultaneously with the onset of inspiratory activity; however, at frequencies less than 0.15 Hz the phase relationship was quite different, such that increases in heart rate preceded inspiration. Between 0.15 and 0.45 Hz, the transfer magnitude was consistently lower while the subjects were in the upright posture than when in the supine posture, but below 0.15 Hz, it was equal in both postures. A model for respiratory modulation of heart rate, based on the atrial rate response characteristics determined in the companion paper [Am. J. Physiol. 256 (Heart Circ. Physiol. 25): H142-H152, 1989], suggests that the magnitude and phase characteristics of the subjects in the supine and upright postures differ because of relatively increased sympathetic outflow in the upright posture. A precise and efficient characterization of respiratory sinus arrhythmia can yield considerable insight into the autonomic regulation of the heart.

scholarly journals Impact of lumbar kyphosis on gastric myoelectrical activity and heart rate variability in a model using flexion posture in healthy young adults

2011 ◽  
Vol 32 (4) ◽  
pp. 271-278 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hiroyuki Tsuchie ◽  
Chiaki Fukata ◽  
Keita Takahashi ◽  
Naohisa Miyakoshi ◽  
Akira Kobayashi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
Heart Rate Variability ◽  
Young Adults ◽  
Gastric Myoelectrical Activity ◽  
Myoelectrical Activity ◽  
Lumbar Kyphosis

Transfer function analysis of the circulation: unique insights into cardiovascular regulation

1991 ◽  
Vol 261 (4) ◽  
pp. H1231-H1245 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. P. Saul ◽  
R. D. Berger ◽  
P. Albrecht ◽  
S. P. Stein ◽  
M. H. Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Transfer Function ◽  
Arterial Pressure ◽  
Transfer Functions ◽  
Function Analysis ◽  
Pressure Fluctuations ◽  
Rate Of Change ◽  
Phase Delay ◽  
Sinus Arrhythmia ◽  
Mechanical Effects ◽  
Transfer Function Analysis

We have demonstrated previously that transfer function analysis can be used to precisely characterize the respiratory sinus arrhythmia (RSA) in normal humans. To further investigate the role of the autonomic nervous system in RSA and to understand the complex links between respiratory activity and arterial pressure, we determined the transfer functions between respiration, heart rate (HR), and phasic, systolic, diastolic, and pulse arterial pressures in 14 healthy subjects during 6-min periods in which the respiratory rate was controlled in a predetermined but erratic fashion. Pharmacological autonomic blockade with atropine, propranolol, and both, in combination with changes in posture, was used to characterize the sympathetic and vagal contributions to these relationships, as well as to dissect the direct mechanical links between respiration and arterial pressure from the effects of the RSA on arterial pressure. We found that 1) the pure sympathetic (standing + atropine) HR response is characterized by markedly reduced magnitude at frequencies greater than 0.1 Hz and a phase delay, whereas pure vagal (supine + propranolol) modulation of HR is characterized by higher magnitude at all frequencies and no phase delay; 2) both the mechanical links between respiration and arterial pressure and the RSA contribute significantly to the effects of respiration on arterial pressure; 3) the RSA contribution to arterial pressure fluctuations is significant for vagal but not for sympathetic modulation of HR; 4) the mechanical effects of respiration on arterial pressure are related to the negative rate of change of instantaneous lung volume; 5) the mechanical effects have a higher magnitude during systole than during diastole; and 6) the mechanical effects are larger in teh standing than the supine position. Most of these findings can be explained by a simple model of circulatory control based on previously published experimental transfer functions from our laboratory.

History of Heart Rate Variability Biofeedback Research: A Personal and Scientific Voyage

Biofeedback ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 41 (3) ◽  
pp. 88-97 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul Lehrer
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
Heart Rate Variability ◽  
Function Analysis ◽  
Applied Psychophysiology ◽  
Heart Rate Variability Biofeedback ◽  
Transfer Function Analysis ◽  
Psychophysiological Research ◽  
History Of ◽  
Biofeedback Research

This paper reviews the history of heart rate variability biofeedback. Interest in the method has evolved from several directions, eventually mutually influencing each other, and often through workshops provided by the Association for Applied Psychophysiology and Biofeedback. My own work was influenced by long-term use of the technique in Russia, and from research by Evgeny Vaschillo using transfer function analysis among heart rate, respiration, and blood pressure, to show how the technique stimulates the baroreflex; also by Richard Gevirtz in frequent workshops given together. Work at the HeartMath Institute independently evolved from experience with music relaxation and “heartfelt emotion,” and other research evolved from American psychophysiological research. Brief descriptions of the development of interest and work in this field are provided by Richard Gevirtz, Rollin McCraty (HeartMath), Fredric Shaffer, and Robert Nolan, as well as myself.

scholarly journals A232 AUTONOMIC FUNCTION ANALYSIS VIA HEART RATE VARIABILITY ASSOCIATED WITH PROPULSIVE MOTOR PATTERNS OF THE HUMAN COLON

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. 280-282
Author(s):  
M Ali ◽  
L Liu ◽  
J Chen ◽  
J D Huizinga
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
Heart Rate Variability ◽  
Motor Activity ◽  
Sympathetic Activity ◽  
Function Analysis ◽  
Motor Pattern ◽  
Human Colon ◽  
Parasympathetic Activity ◽  
Motor Patterns ◽  
Sinus Arrhythmia

Abstract Background Although parasympathetic activity is the primary driver of colonic propulsive activity, and sympathetic activity a major inhibitor of colonic motility, they are rarely measured and almost play no role in diagnosis of dysfunction or standard treatments. Aims Our aim was to develop assessment of autonomic nervous system activity associated with the major propulsive motor patterns, an essential part of defecation reflexes in the human colon orchestrated by neural reflexes. Methods One hundred and forty-five motor patterns were recorded from eleven healthy volunteers using high resolution colonic manometry (HRCM) with concurrent electro- and impedance cardiography to evaluate changes in parameters of heart rate variability (HRV). Results High-amplitude propagating pressure waves (HAPWs) that often start in the proximal colon, traverse distally and end with anal sphincter relaxation, were associated with a 8.2% (P&lt;0.02) increase in the respiratory sinus arrhythmia (RSA) value, a 24.6% increase in the root mean square of successive differences of beat to beat intervals (RMSSD), indicated a strong parasympathetic reactivity that subsided within 2 min of termination of the HAPW (Figure 1). The measure of sympathetic reactivity to motor patterns was best reflected by the Baevsky Stress Index (or Sympathetic Index, SI) that reduced by 45% (P&lt;0.02). We developed a measure of autonomic balance, the SI/RSA ratio that changed from 18.8 to 8.7 (54%; P&lt;0.01) during motor activity and recovered to 16.1 immediately after (P&lt;0.005). The SI/RMSSD reduced by 65% (P&lt;0.01). When HAPWs occurred in quick succession, the parasympathetic activity showed rhythmicity at the HAPW frequency that slowly terminated when motor activity stopped. During motor activity, the heart rate did not significantly change. Conclusions The major propulsive motor pattern of the human colon, the HAPW as measured by HRCM that is part of the major defecation reflexes, is associated with marked changes in parasympathetic and sympathetic activity that is reflected and measurable as heart rate variability parameters. This opens the way to evaluate autonomic dysfunction in patients with colon motor disorders. Funding Agencies CIHRNSERC, Farncombe Institute

scholarly journals Optimizing Autonomic Function Analysis via Heart Rate Variability Associated With Motor Activity of the Human Colon

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Khawar Ali ◽  
Lijun Liu ◽  
Ji-Hong Chen ◽  
Jan D. Huizinga
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
Heart Rate Variability ◽  
Sympathetic Activity ◽  
Function Analysis ◽  
Colonic Motility ◽  
Human Colon ◽  
Motor Dysfunction ◽  
Motor Patterns ◽  
Sinus Arrhythmia ◽  
High Resolution Manometry

The parameters of heart rate variability (HRV) can non-invasively assess some autonomic activities, and HRV is influenced by many bodily actions. Although parasympathetic activity is the primary driver of colonic propulsive activity, and sympathetic activity a major inhibitor of colonic motility, they are rarely measured and almost play no role in diagnosis of colon motor dysfunction or in standard treatments. Here we set out to optimize HRV analysis of autonomic nervous system changes related to human colon motility. The electrocardiogram and impedance were recorded in synchrony with colonic motor patterns by high-resolution manometry. Respiratory sinus arrhythmia (RSA), root mean square of successive differences of beat-to-beat intervals (RMSSD), the Baevsky Index or Sympathetic Index (SI), and the ratios of SI/RSA and SI/RMSSD were shown to indicate a marked increase in parasympathetic and withdrawal of sympathetic activity during the high-amplitude propagating pressure waves (HAPWs). Strong associations were seen with HAPWs evoked by a meal and rectal bisacodyl indicating a marked increase in parasympathetic and withdrawal of sympathetic activity during the gastrocolic reflex and the defecation reflex. When HAPWs occurred in quick succession, parasympathetic activation (RSA and RMSSD) occurred in a rhythmic fashion. Hence, during propulsive motor patterns, an overall shift in autonomic activity toward increased parasympathetic control was shown to be reflected in HRV. HRV assessment may therefore be valuable in the assessment of autonomic dysfunction related to colonic dysmotility.

Cardiocirculatory coupling during sinusoidal baroreceptor stimulation and fixed-frequency breathing

2000 ◽  
Vol 99 (2) ◽  
pp. 113-124 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cornelius KEYL ◽  
Martin DAMBACHER ◽  
Annette SCHNEIDER ◽  
Claudio PASSINO ◽  
Ulrike WEGENHORST ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Heart Rate ◽  
Systolic Blood Pressure ◽  
Function Analysis ◽  
Time Lag ◽  
Fixed Frequency ◽  
Sinus Arrhythmia ◽  
Rr Interval ◽  
Transfer Function Analysis ◽  
Baroreceptor Stimulation

The question of whether respiratory sinus arrhythmia (RSA) originates mainly from a central coupling between respiration and heart rate, or from baroreflex mechanisms, is a subject of controversy. If there is a major contribution of baroreflexes to RSA, cardiocirculatory coupling during breathing and during cyclic baroreflex stimulation should show similarities. We applied a sinusoidal stimulus to the carotid baroreceptors and generated heart rate fluctuations of the same magnitude as RSA with a frequency similar to, but different from, the breathing frequency (0.2 Hz, compared with 0.25 Hz), and at 0.1 Hz, in 17 supine healthy subjects (age 28–39 years). The data were analysed using discrete Fourier-transform and transfer function analysis. Respiratory fluctuations in systolic blood pressure preceded RSA with a time lag equal to that between baroreceptor stimulation and oscillations in RR interval (0.62±0.18 s compared with 0.57±0.28 s at 0.2 Hz neck suction). The response of systolic blood pressure to neck suction at 0.2 Hz was 5 times less than the respiratory blood pressure fluctuations. Neck suction at 0.1 Hz largely increased fluctuations in blood pressure and RR interval, whereas the spontaneous phase relationship between blood pressure and RR interval remained unchanged. Our results are not consistent with the hypothesis that the origin of RSA is predominantly a central phenomenon which secondarily generates fluctuations in blood pressure, but suggest that, under the condition of fixed-frequency breathing at 0.25 Hz, baroreflex mechanisms contribute to respiratory fluctuations in RR interval.

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