scholarly journals Optimizing Autonomic Function Analysis via Heart Rate Variability Associated With Motor Activity of the Human Colon

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Khawar Ali ◽  
Lijun Liu ◽  
Ji-Hong Chen ◽  
Jan D. Huizinga
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
Heart Rate Variability ◽  
Sympathetic Activity ◽  
Function Analysis ◽  
Colonic Motility ◽  
Human Colon ◽  
Motor Dysfunction ◽  
Motor Patterns ◽  
Sinus Arrhythmia ◽  
High Resolution Manometry

The parameters of heart rate variability (HRV) can non-invasively assess some autonomic activities, and HRV is influenced by many bodily actions. Although parasympathetic activity is the primary driver of colonic propulsive activity, and sympathetic activity a major inhibitor of colonic motility, they are rarely measured and almost play no role in diagnosis of colon motor dysfunction or in standard treatments. Here we set out to optimize HRV analysis of autonomic nervous system changes related to human colon motility. The electrocardiogram and impedance were recorded in synchrony with colonic motor patterns by high-resolution manometry. Respiratory sinus arrhythmia (RSA), root mean square of successive differences of beat-to-beat intervals (RMSSD), the Baevsky Index or Sympathetic Index (SI), and the ratios of SI/RSA and SI/RMSSD were shown to indicate a marked increase in parasympathetic and withdrawal of sympathetic activity during the high-amplitude propagating pressure waves (HAPWs). Strong associations were seen with HAPWs evoked by a meal and rectal bisacodyl indicating a marked increase in parasympathetic and withdrawal of sympathetic activity during the gastrocolic reflex and the defecation reflex. When HAPWs occurred in quick succession, parasympathetic activation (RSA and RMSSD) occurred in a rhythmic fashion. Hence, during propulsive motor patterns, an overall shift in autonomic activity toward increased parasympathetic control was shown to be reflected in HRV. HRV assessment may therefore be valuable in the assessment of autonomic dysfunction related to colonic dysmotility.

scholarly journals A232 AUTONOMIC FUNCTION ANALYSIS VIA HEART RATE VARIABILITY ASSOCIATED WITH PROPULSIVE MOTOR PATTERNS OF THE HUMAN COLON

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. 280-282
Author(s):  
M Ali ◽  
L Liu ◽  
J Chen ◽  
J D Huizinga
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
Heart Rate Variability ◽  
Motor Activity ◽  
Sympathetic Activity ◽  
Function Analysis ◽  
Motor Pattern ◽  
Human Colon ◽  
Parasympathetic Activity ◽  
Motor Patterns ◽  
Sinus Arrhythmia

Abstract Background Although parasympathetic activity is the primary driver of colonic propulsive activity, and sympathetic activity a major inhibitor of colonic motility, they are rarely measured and almost play no role in diagnosis of dysfunction or standard treatments. Aims Our aim was to develop assessment of autonomic nervous system activity associated with the major propulsive motor patterns, an essential part of defecation reflexes in the human colon orchestrated by neural reflexes. Methods One hundred and forty-five motor patterns were recorded from eleven healthy volunteers using high resolution colonic manometry (HRCM) with concurrent electro- and impedance cardiography to evaluate changes in parameters of heart rate variability (HRV). Results High-amplitude propagating pressure waves (HAPWs) that often start in the proximal colon, traverse distally and end with anal sphincter relaxation, were associated with a 8.2% (P<0.02) increase in the respiratory sinus arrhythmia (RSA) value, a 24.6% increase in the root mean square of successive differences of beat to beat intervals (RMSSD), indicated a strong parasympathetic reactivity that subsided within 2 min of termination of the HAPW (Figure 1). The measure of sympathetic reactivity to motor patterns was best reflected by the Baevsky Stress Index (or Sympathetic Index, SI) that reduced by 45% (P<0.02). We developed a measure of autonomic balance, the SI/RSA ratio that changed from 18.8 to 8.7 (54%; P<0.01) during motor activity and recovered to 16.1 immediately after (P<0.005). The SI/RMSSD reduced by 65% (P<0.01). When HAPWs occurred in quick succession, the parasympathetic activity showed rhythmicity at the HAPW frequency that slowly terminated when motor activity stopped. During motor activity, the heart rate did not significantly change. Conclusions The major propulsive motor pattern of the human colon, the HAPW as measured by HRCM that is part of the major defecation reflexes, is associated with marked changes in parasympathetic and sympathetic activity that is reflected and measurable as heart rate variability parameters. This opens the way to evaluate autonomic dysfunction in patients with colon motor disorders. Funding Agencies CIHRNSERC, Farncombe Institute

scholarly journals Interstitial cells of Cajal and human colon motility in health and disease

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jan D. Huizinga ◽  
Amer Hussain ◽  
Ji-Hong Chen
Keyword(s):  
Interstitial Cells Of Cajal ◽  
Colonic Motility ◽  
Human Colon ◽  
Interstitial Cells ◽  
Motor Dysfunction ◽  
Slow Transit Constipation ◽  
Motor Patterns ◽  
Colonic Motor ◽  
Cells Of Cajal

Our understanding of human colonic motility, and autonomic reflexes that generate motor patterns, has increased markedly through high-resolution manometry. Details of the motor patterns are emerging related to frequency and propagation characteristics that allow linkage to interstitial cells of Cajal (ICC) networks. In studies on colonic motor dysfunction requiring surgery, ICC are almost always abnormal or significantly reduced. However, there are still gaps in our knowledge about the role of ICC in the control of colonic motility and there is little understanding of a mechanistic link between ICC abnormalities and colonic motor dysfunction. This review will outline the various ICC networks in the human colon and their proven and likely associations with the enteric and extrinsic autonomic nervous systems. Based on our extensive knowledge of the role of ICC in the control of gastrointestinal motility of animal models and the human stomach and small intestine, we propose how ICC networks are underlying the motor patterns of the human colon. The role of ICC will be reviewed in the autonomic neural reflexes that evoke essential motor patterns for transit and defecation. Mechanisms underlying ICC injury, maintenance, and repair will be discussed. Hypotheses are formulated as to how ICC dysfunction can lead to motor abnormalities in slow transit constipation, chronic idiopathic pseudo-obstruction, Hirschsprung's disease, fecal incontinence, diverticular disease, and inflammatory conditions. Recent studies on ICC repair after injury hold promise for future therapies.

Transfer function analysis of heart rate variability in response to water intake: correlation with gastric myoelectrical activity

2004 ◽  
Vol 96 (6) ◽  
pp. 2226-2230 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. L. Chen ◽  
H. H. Lin ◽  
William C. Orr ◽  
Cheryl C. H. Yang ◽  
Terry B. J. Kuo
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
Heart Rate Variability ◽  
Transfer Function ◽  
Water Intake ◽  
Function Analysis ◽  
Gastric Myoelectrical Activity ◽  
Myoelectrical Activity ◽  
Sinus Arrhythmia ◽  
Transfer Function Analysis ◽  
Before And After

We utilized transfer function analysis of heart rate variability (HRV) and respiration to investigate the effect of water intake on gastric myoelectrical activity and its relationship to vagal activity. The electrogastrography (EGG) and HRV were recorded simultaneously before and after drinking 500 ml of water in 10 healthy subjects. We observed good linearity between lung volumes and HRV signals at a ventilatory rate between 0.2 and 0.4 Hz before and after water intake. The EGG power of 3 cycles/min increased remarkably after the water intake. We found that there was a significant increase in the magnitude of the respiration-HRV transfer function after water intake ( P < 0.05). The EGG 3 cycles/min power was positively correlated with the transfer magnitude throughout the study ( r = 0.54, P = 0.01). These results confirm that transfer function analysis of HRV sensitively identifies subtle changes in the respiratory sinus arrhythmia that occurs with water intake. The present findings suggest that transfer function analysis of HRV and respiration after water intake can be used to evaluate vagal nervous activity in the human gut.

scholarly journals Role of increased sympathetic activity in the genesis of ambulatory ischemia: Spectral analysis of heart rate variability

1996 ◽  
Vol 27 (2) ◽  
pp. 398-399
Author(s):  
Tohru Kaji ◽  
Tetsuro Kohya ◽  
Fumishi Tomita ◽  
Tomohide Ono ◽  
Akira Kitabatake
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
Heart Rate Variability ◽  
Spectral Analysis ◽  
Sympathetic Activity

scholarly journals Effect of Hypoglycemia on Heart Rate Variability in People with Type 1 Diabetes and Impaired Awareness of Hypoglycemia

2021 ◽  
pp. 193229682110074
Author(s):  
Mats Koeneman ◽  
Marleen Olde Bekkink ◽  
Lian van Meijel ◽  
Sebastian Bredie ◽  
Bastiaan de Galan
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
Heart Rate Variability ◽  
High Frequency ◽  
Sympathetic Activity ◽  
Elevated Risk ◽  
Wilcoxon Rank Sum Test ◽  
Impaired Awareness ◽  
Induced Changes ◽  
Measurable Change

Background: People with impaired awareness of hypoglycemia (IAH) are at elevated risk of severe, potentially hazardous, hypoglycemia and would benefit from a device alerting to hypoglycemia. Heart rate variability (HRV) changes with hypoglycemia due to sympathetic activity. Since IAH is associated with suppressed sympathetic activity, we investigated whether hypoglycemia elicits a measurable change in HRV in patients with T1D and IAH. Method: Eligible participants underwent a modified hyperinsulinemic euglycemic hypoglycemic clamp (glucose nadir, 43.1 ± 0.90 mg/dl), while HRV was measured by a VitalConnect HealthPatch. Measurements of HRV included Root Mean Square of the Successive Differences (RMSSD) and low to high frequency (LF:HF) ratio. Wilcoxon rank-sum test was used for testing within-subject HRV changes. Results: We included 12 participants (8 female, mean age 57 ± 12 years, mean HbA1c 57 ± 5 mmol/mol (7.4 ± 0.4%)). Symptoms increased from 4.0 (1.5-7.0) at euglycemia to 7.5 (5.0-11.0) during hypoglycemia ( P = .003). In response to hypoglycemia, the LF:HF ratio and RMSSD increased when normalized for data obtained during euglycemia (both P < .01). The LF:HF ratio increased in 6 participants (50%) and declined in one other participant (8%). The RMSSD decreased in 3 (25%) and increased in 4 (33%) participants. In 2 patients, no change in HRV could be detected in response to hypoglycemia. Conclusions: This study reveals that hypoglycemia-induced changes in HRV are retained in the majority of people with T1D and IAH, and that these changes can be detected by a wearable device. Real-time HRV seems usable for detection of hypoglycemia in patients with IAH.

scholarly journals Cardiac Parasympathetic Withdrawal and Sympathetic Activity: Effect of Heat Exposure on Heart Rate Variability

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (11) ◽  
pp. 5934
Author(s):  
Oriol Abellán-Aynés ◽  
Pedro Manonelles ◽  
Fernando Alacid
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
Heart Rate Variability ◽  
Environmental Conditions ◽  
Sympathetic Activity ◽  
Heat Exposure ◽  
Repeated Measurements ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Poincaré Plot ◽  
Activity Effect ◽  
And Control

(1) Background: Research on heart rate variability has increased in recent years and the temperature has not been controlled in some studies assessing repeated measurements. This study aimed to analyze how heart rate variability may change based on environmental temperature during measurement depending on parasympathetic and sympathetic activity variations. (2) Methods: A total of 22 volunteers participated in this study divided into an experimental (n = 12) and control group (n = 10). Each participant was assessed randomly under two different environmental conditions for the experimental group (19 °C and 35 °C) and two identical environmental conditions for the control group (19 °C). During the procedure, heart rate variability measurements were carried out for 10 min. (3) Results: Significantly changes were observed for time and frequency domains as well as Poincaré plot variables after heat exposure (p < 0.05). These findings were not observed in the control group, whose conditions between measurements did not change. (4) Conclusions: The reduction of heart rate variability due to exposure to hot conditions appears to be produced mostly by a parasympathetic withdrawal rather than a sympathetic activation. Therefore, if consecutive measurements have to be carried out, these should always be done under the same temperature conditions.

scholarly journals Sympathetic activity, assessed by power spectral analysis of heart rate variability, in white-coat, masked and sustained hypertension versus true normotension

2007 ◽  
Vol 25 (11) ◽  
pp. 2280-2285 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert H Fagard ◽  
Katarzyna Stolarz ◽  
Tatiana Kuznetsova ◽  
Jitka Seidlerova ◽  
Valérie Tikhonoff ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
Heart Rate Variability ◽  
Spectral Analysis ◽  
Sympathetic Activity ◽  
Power Spectral Analysis ◽  
White Coat ◽  
Sustained Hypertension ◽  
Power Spectral

Comparative evaluation of the antistress effect of phenazepam, melatonin and their combination

2021 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 107-110
Author(s):  
Eduard B. Arushanian ◽  
Olga Vladimirovna ◽  
Eduard Vladimirovich Beyer
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
Heart Rate Variability ◽  
Sympathetic Activity ◽  
Comparative Evaluation ◽  
Anxiolytic Effect ◽  
Antistress Effect

Phenazepam and melatonin reduce anxiety in stressed rats, and their anxiolytic effect is enhanced in combination. Melatonin also limits stress-induced increases in sympathetic activity and eliminates the dysregulatory effect of phenazepam on the main indicators of heart rate variability.

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