Luminescence from Superexchange-Coupled Cr3+ Ion Pair in Binuclear Complex Salts. II. Theoretical Considerations

1970 ◽  
Vol 28 (1) ◽  
pp. 144-152 ◽  
Author(s):  
Makoto Morita ◽  
Shigeo Shionoya
Keyword(s):  
Binuclear Complex ◽  
Ion Pair ◽  
Complex Salts ◽  
Theoretical Considerations

MII···Cl Interaction Supported Heterometallic {NiIISnII}{SnIV} and {NiIISnII}{SnII} Complex Salts: Possibility of Ion-Pair-Assisted Tetrel Bonds

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Susanta Hazra ◽  
Maxim L. Kuznetsov ◽  
M. Fátima C. Guedes da Silva ◽  
Armando J. L. Pombeiro
Keyword(s):  
Ion Pair ◽  
Complex Salts ◽  
Tetrel Bonds

The Biological Clock and Sleep in the Elderly

2006 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 45-51 ◽  
Author(s):  
Myriam Juda ◽  
Mirjam Münch ◽  
Anna Wirz-Justice ◽  
Martha Merrow ◽  
Till Roenneberg
Keyword(s):  
Circadian Rhythms ◽  
Biological Clock ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Early Morning ◽  
Behavioral Changes ◽  
Older Age ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Theoretical Considerations ◽  
Sleep Difficulties ◽  
Circadian Biology

Abstract: Among many other changes, older age is characterized by advanced sleep-wake cycles, changes in the amplitude of various circadian rhythms, as well as reduced entrainment to zeitgebers. These features reveal themselves through early morning awakenings, sleep difficulties at night, and a re-emergence of daytime napping. This review summarizes the observations concerning the biological clock and sleep in the elderly and discusses the documented and theoretical considerations behind these age-related behavioral changes, especially with respect to circadian biology.

Imprecision of Laboratory Determinations and Diagnostic Accuracy: Theoretical Considerations

1974 ◽  
Vol 13 (03) ◽  
pp. 151-158 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. A. B. Lindbebo ◽  
Fr. R. Watson
Keyword(s):  
Mathematical Model ◽  
Diagnostic Accuracy ◽  
Diagnostic Process ◽  
Clinical Laboratories ◽  
Non Linear ◽  
Theoretical Considerations ◽  
Made In

Recent studies suggest the determinations of clinical laboratories must be made more precise than at present. This paper presents a means of examining benefits of improvement in precision. To do this we use a mathematical model of the effect upon the diagnostic process of imprecision in measurements and the influence upon these two of Importance of Diagnosis and Prevalence of Disease. The interaction of these effects is grossly non-linear. There is therefore no proper intuitive answer to questions involving these matters. The effects can always, however, be calculated.Including a great many assumptions the modeling suggests that improvements in precision of any determination ought probably to be made in hospital rather than screening laboratories, unless Importance of Diagnosis is extremely high.

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