Effect of Acupuncture at Hsien-Ku (St-43) on the Pulse Spectrum and a Discussion of the Evidence for the Frequency Structure of Chinese Medicine

2000 ◽  
Vol 28 (01) ◽  
pp. 41-55 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wei Kung Wang ◽  
Tse Lin Hsu ◽  
Hsi Chan Chang ◽  
Yuh Yin Lin Wang
Keyword(s):  
Chinese Medicine ◽  
Radial Artery ◽  
Second Harmonic ◽  
Pulse Spectrum ◽  
Frequency Structure ◽  
Harmonic Proportions ◽  
Stomach Meridian ◽  
Phase Angles ◽  
Acupuncture Effects

We investigated the pulse spectrum variation of the human radial artery when Hsien-Ku (St 43), an acupoint on the stomach meridian, was needled and compared the results with the acupuncture effects of two other acupoints, Tsu-San-Li (St-36) and Tai-Shih (K-3), reported previously. For Hsien-Ku, the harmonic proportions were redistributed: the second harmonic (C2) decreased, C3, C5, C6, C7, C8 and C9 increased, C3, C6 and C9 became the relative peaks to their neighboring harmonics and C2, C4 became the relative minimums. The phase angles of the 2nd harmonic (P2) and 5th harmonic (P5) decreased, propagating faster. These effects were similar to that of Tsu-San-Li which is also on the stomach meridian. A totally different pattern was found for Tai-Shih on the kidney meridian. These results strengthen the theory that a meridian can be classified according to its effects on the pulse spectrum, and that all the meridian related effects such as those caused by acupuncture or meridian specific herbs are frequency specific.

Effect of Acupuncture at Tai-Tsih (K-3) on the Pulse Spectrum

1996 ◽  
Vol 24 (03n04) ◽  
pp. 305-313 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wei Kung Wang ◽  
Tse Lin Hsu ◽  
Hsi Chan Chang ◽  
Yuh Yin Lin Wang
Keyword(s):  
Radial Artery ◽  
Weak Coupling ◽  
Pulse Spectrum ◽  
Resonance Theory ◽  
Specific Effects ◽  
Harmonic Proportions ◽  
Acupuncture Effect ◽  
Phase Angles

The frequency specific acupuncture effect on Tai-Tsih (K-3) was examined by investigating pulse variations at the radial artery. The harmonic proportions of the 2nd, 3rd and the 4th harmonics were increased but the 5th, 6th and 9th harmonics were decreased significantly. The phase angles of all except the 2nd harmonic were increased (wave propagated slower). These results are compared with the frequency specific acupuncture effect on Tsu-San-Li (St-36) which we reported previously (Wang et al., 1995a). This study solidified the weak coupling resonance theory, which successfully explains these frequency specific effects as well as the acupuncture mechanism.

The Prandial Effect on the Pulse Spectrum

1996 ◽  
Vol 24 (01) ◽  
pp. 93-98 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wei Kung Wang ◽  
Tse Lin Hsu ◽  
Yi Chiang ◽  
Yuh Yin Lin Wang
Keyword(s):  
Radial Artery ◽  
Pressure Pulse ◽  
Physiological Significance ◽  
Pulse Spectrum ◽  
Pulse Diagnosis ◽  
Harmonic Proportions

The prandial effect on the pulse spectrum of the radial artery was studied. Ingestion greatly affected the spectrum of the pressure pulse. For most of the tested subjects, the harmonic proportions of the 2nd and the 4th harmonic increased significantly after ingestion, however a decreasing effect was found on the 5th, 6th, 7th, 8th, 9th harmonics. The spectrum became stable from half hour after ingestion and last 3 to 4 hours. From these results, a reliable pulse diagnosis is therefore suggested to be done in the period when the pulse spectrum is stable; physiological significance of these postprandial phenomena is also discussed.

The Effect of Fasting on the Pulse Spectrum

2000 ◽  
Vol 28 (03n04) ◽  
pp. 409-417 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yi Chang Su ◽  
Ke Feng Huang ◽  
Yu Hsin Chang ◽  
Tsai Chung Li ◽  
Wei San Huang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Radial Artery ◽  
Analysis Of Variance ◽  
Physiological Response ◽  
Mineral Water ◽  
Second Harmonic ◽  
Pairwise Comparisons ◽  
Physiological Changes ◽  
Radial Pulse ◽  
Pulse Spectrum ◽  
Body Function

Nutrition is the major source of bioenergy. The present study investigated the physiological response to fasting by analyzing the effect of fasting on the pulse spectrum of the radial artery. Sixteen subjects were allowed to take only mineral water for 24 hours, and the pulse was measured at intervals during fasting and after eating resumed. Data were analyzed using one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) with Scheffe's test for pairwise comparisons. The results indicate the second harmonic of the radial pulse increased and the sixth harmonic decreased significantly after 24 hours of fasting. The proportions of the second harmonic then decreased significantly and those of the sixth harmonic increased significantly 12 hours after eating resumed. These findings suggest that a rhythm exists in physiological changes and the distribution of bioenergy, which ensures that the overall heart load will remain unchanged during the fasting and re-feeding periods, maintaining a stable overall balance in body function.

Persistence of Asymmetry in Nonaxisymmetric Entry Flow in a Circular Cylindrical Tube and Its Relevance to Arterial Pulse Wave Diagnosis

1989 ◽  
Vol 111 (1) ◽  
pp. 37-41 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. Xue ◽  
Y. C. Fung
Keyword(s):  
Blood Flow ◽  
Chinese Medicine ◽  
Traditional Chinese Medicine ◽  
Velocity Profile ◽  
Radial Artery ◽  
Pulse Wave ◽  
Arterial Blood Flow ◽  
Arterial Pulse ◽  
Entry Length ◽  
Arterial Pulse Wave

In an experiment motivated by the study of arterial blood flow along the lines suggested by the traditional Chinese medicine, the flow in a pipe whose lumen was blocked by a semi-circular plug two tube-diameters long was visualized by suspended particles, recorded by cinematography, and analyzed digitally. The Reynolds number was in the range of 100 to 450 based on the pipe diameter, similar to that of blood flow in the radial artery in the arms of man. The blockage was found to have a profound effect on the velocity profile of the flow in the wake, but it had little influence on the symmetry of the velocity profile upstream of the block, except in its immediate neighborhood. When the end conditions far away from the block were steady, the flow in the wake was steady. The asymmetry of the flow in the wake can be judged by the deviation of the location of the maximum axial velocity from the center line of the pipe as seen in the plane of symmetry of the blockage. Our results show that the deviation can be described as the sum of two components. The first is a strong one which decays exponentially in an entry length which is about twice as long as the classical Boussinesq entry length of axisymmetric flow. The second is a weaker component which is wavy spatially and persists far downstream (many times the entry length). The separated flow and vortex system behind the blockage are sensitive to the flow rate. The relevance of these findings to the arterial pulse wave diagnosis methods used in the traditional Chinese medicine is discussed. We show that the human arteries are shorter than the entry length, hence nonaxisymmetric disturbances can be propagated throughout the circulation system. We propose that the propagation of the persistent, small, wavy asymmetric wave is relevant to the “localization” of the spheres of influence of internal and external organs in a two-inch region of the radial artery. We propose further that the method of pressing hard on the artery to “feel” the pulse is to amplify the signal by creating a wake that is very sensitive to velocity of flow.

scholarly journals Metabolism modulation in rat tissues in response to point specificity of electroacupuncture

2022 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Der-Yen Lee ◽  
Yu-Rung Jiu ◽  
Ching-Liang Hsieh
Keyword(s):  
Chinese Medicine ◽  
Traditional Chinese Medicine ◽  
Rat Heart ◽  
Metabolite Profiling ◽  
Electric Stimulation ◽  
Heart Diseases ◽  
Sham Acupuncture ◽  
Rat Tissues ◽  
Pericardium Meridian ◽  
Stomach Meridian

AbstractZusanli (ST36) and Neiguan (PC6) are acupoints along two meridians. To demonstrate point specificity, we investigated the effects of ST36 and PC6 in electroacupuncture (EA)-treated rats. The rats were subjected to sham acupuncture at ST36 without electric stimulation, EA at ST36, or EA at PC6. Heart and stomach tissues were collected for metabolite profiling. Each type of stimulation resulted in a different metabolite composition in the rat heart and stomach tissues. In the heart tissues, EA at ST36 affected a wider range of metabolite pathways than did EA at PC6, whereas similar numbers of metabolites in the stomach tissues were affected by EA at ST36 and PC6. The pathways affected by EA at ST36 differed from those affected by EA at PC6, and a group of common metabolites were reversely regulated by these two acupoints. This study demonstrated point specificity effectively modulated metabolism in rat heart and stomach tissues. The results indicate that heart stimulation may be connected to the stomach through the pericardium meridian (as described in traditional Chinese medicine), explaining why acupuncture applied to the stomach meridian can be an alternative treatment for gastric and heart diseases.

scholarly journals Prescription rules of Qingzhu Fu, Ziming Chen, and Qian Wu for threatened miscarriage based on traditional Chinese medicine inheritance auxiliary platform

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
Xiaoyu Liu ◽  
Jing Lin ◽  
Qing Wang ◽  
Siyao Xiao ◽  
Ling Wang
Keyword(s):  
Chinese Medicine ◽  
Traditional Chinese Medicine ◽  
High Frequency ◽  
Chinese Herbs ◽  
Chen Yi ◽  
Threatened Miscarriage ◽  
Nourishing Yin ◽  
Stomach Meridian ◽  
The Common ◽  
Prescription Rules

Background: To explore the prescription rules of famous ancient physicians in the treatment of threatened miscarriage. Methods: Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) prescriptions for threatened miscarriage were screened out of Fu Ren Da Quan Liang Fang by Ziming Chen, Yi Zong Jin Jian by Qian Wu, and Fu Qing Zhu Nv Ke by Qingzhu Fu. Data were standardized and analyzed through the TCM inheritance auxiliary platform. Results: A total of 29 prescriptions for threatened miscarriage were screened. Dang Gui, E Jiao, Gan Cao, Chuan Xiong, Bai Shao were the top five frequently prescribed Chinese herbs. The common herb–herb combinations used by Ziming Chen contained E Jiao, Dang Gui, Chuan Xiong, Ai Ye, Cong Bai, and Sang Ji Sheng. Ren Shen, Gan Cao, and Bai Zhu were the common herbal groups used by Qingzhu Fu. Huang Qi, Shu Di Huang, Bai Shao, Dang Gui, and Gan Cao were one of Qian Wu’s core prescriptions, with Dang Gui and Chuan Xiong being the others. According to the analysis of four Qi, five flavors, and meridian tropism of the prescriptions, herbs with the warm nature, or with the sweet, pungent, bitter flavors topped the list of application. The top six meridian tropisms of high-frequency herbs were: liver, spleen, lung, kidney, heart, and stomach meridian. Conclusion: Based on the principle of restoring the balance within the organs and enriching Qi and blood, clinical treatment of threatened miscarriage involves invigorating the Chong and Ren channels, nourishing Yin, dispelling cold and wind, generating and activating blood, regulating and harmonizing Qi.

The Eclipsing Binary WX Eridani

1979 ◽  
Vol 46 ◽  
pp. 385
Author(s):  
M.B.K. Sarma ◽  
K.D. Abhankar
Keyword(s):  
Light Curve ◽  
Spectral Type ◽  
Orbital Period ◽  
Primary Component ◽  
Light Curves ◽  
Absorption Feature ◽  
Primary Star ◽  
Eclipsing Binary ◽  
The Times ◽  
Phase Angles

AbstractThe Algol-type eclipsing binary WX Eridani was observed on 21 nights on the 48-inch telescope of the Japal-Rangapur Observatory during 1973-75 in B and V colours. An improved period of P = 0.82327038 days was obtained from the analysis of the times of five primary minima. An absorption feature between phase angles 50-80, 100-130, 230-260 and 280-310 was present in the light curves. The analysis of the light curves indicated the eclipses to be grazing with primary to be transit and secondary, an occultation. Elements derived from the solution of the light curve using Russel-Merrill method are given. From comparison of the fractional radii with Roche lobes, it is concluded that none of the components have filled their respective lobes but the primary star seems to be evolving. The spectral type of the primary component was estimated to be F3 and is found to be pulsating with two periods equal to one-fifth and one-sixth of the orbital period.

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