Jack pine cone quality and cache sizes of red squirrels in southern New Brunswick, Canada

1997 ◽  
Vol 75 (2) ◽  
pp. 332-335 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael A. Setterington ◽  
Daniel M. Keppie
Keyword(s):  
New Brunswick ◽  
Pinus Banksiana ◽  
Seed Mass ◽  
Dry Mass ◽  
Jack Pine ◽  
Tamiasciurus Hudsonicus ◽  
Red Squirrels ◽  
Length Width ◽  
Total Seed ◽  
Number Of Seeds

Relationships between external cone characteristics (length, width, wet and dry mass), cone quality (total seed mass as a proportion of cone mass, total number of seeds per cone, total seed mass per cone), and number of cones in caches were evaluated for caches of jack pine (Pinus banksiana) cones belonging to red squirrels (Tamiasciurus hudsonicus) in two plantations in southern New Brunswick. Cone length and mass were good predictors of the total number of seeds per cone and total seed mass per cone. Length accounted for a small proportion of the variance of total seed mass as a proportion of cone mass. There was no relationship between the number of seeds or total seed mass per cone and the number of cones per cache.

Individual height–diameter models for young black spruce (Picea mariana) and jack pine (Pinus banksiana) plantations in New Brunswick, Canada

2009 ◽  
Vol 85 (1) ◽  
pp. 43-56 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiangdong Lei ◽  
Changhui Peng ◽  
Haiyan Wang ◽  
Xiaolu Zhou
Keyword(s):  
New Brunswick ◽  
Picea Mariana ◽  
Pinus Banksiana ◽  
Black Spruce ◽  
Jack Pine ◽  
Tree Level ◽  
Forest Stands ◽  
Tolerance Intervals ◽  
Group I ◽  
Group Ii

Historically, height–diameter models have mainly been developed for mature trees; consequently, few height–diameter models have been calibrated for young forest stands. In order to develop equations predicting the height of trees with small diameters, 46 individual height–diameter models were fitted and tested in young black spruce (Picea mariana) and jack pine (Pinus banksiana) plantations between the ages of 4 to 8 years, measured from 182 plots in New Brunswick, Canada. The models were divided into 2 groups: a diameter group and a second group applying both diameter and additional stand- or tree-level variables (composite models). There was little difference in predicting tree height among the former models (Group I) while the latter models (Group II) generally provided better prediction. Based on goodness of fit (R2and MSE), prediction ability (the bias and its associated prediction and tolerance intervals in absolute and relative terms), and ease of application, 2 Group II models were recommended for predicting individual tree heights within young black spruce and jack pine forest stands. Mean stand height was required for application of these models. The resultant tolerance intervals indicated that most errors (95%) associated with height predictions would be within the following limits (a 95% confidence level): [-0.54 m, 0.54 m] or [-14.7%, 15.9%] for black spruce and [-0.77 m, 0.77 m] or [-17.1%, 18.6%] for jack pine. The recommended models are statistically reliable for growth and yield applications, regeneration assessment and management planning. Key words: composite model, linear model, model calibration, model validation, prediction interval, tolerance interval

Influence du charbon actif sur la croissance primaire des plantules de pin gris

2006 ◽  
Vol 36 (3) ◽  
pp. 761-767 ◽  
Author(s):  
Krassimir Naydenov ◽  
Francine Tremblay ◽  
Yves Bergeron ◽  
Venceslas Goudiaby
Keyword(s):  
Pinus Banksiana ◽  
Seed Mass ◽  
Jack Pine ◽  
Active Charcoal ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Plantlet Growth ◽  
Growth Increase ◽  
Seedling Germination ◽  
Moisture Conditions

In the boreal forest, the beneficial effect of wildfire on germination substrates has often been linked to the adsorption by charcoal of phenolic compounds detrimental for seedling germination and growth. Our goal was to show that active charcoal has direct positive effects on germination and early growth of jack pine (Pinus banksiana Lamb.) plantlets, a species well adapted to fire. Four concentrations of active charcoal (0%, 50%, 100%, and 150% seed mass) along with two temperatures (26–27 °C and 18–20 °C) were tested in vitro, in Petri dishes, under constant moisture conditions. Results showed that adding active charcoal to the substrate had no significant effect on jack pine seed germination but inhibited plantlet growth at concentrations over 100%. Significant growth increase was observed only with 50% charcoal at the highest temperature (26–27 °C). Deformities were noted at the apex of radicles, particularly with low temperatures and high levels of active charcoal in the substrate.

Plant-size and fruit-position effects on reproductive allocation in Alliaria petiolata (Brassicaceae)

2000 ◽  
Vol 78 (11) ◽  
pp. 1398-1407 ◽  
Author(s):  
David J Susko ◽  
Lesley Lovett-Doust
Keyword(s):  
Seed Mass ◽  
Maternal Investment ◽  
Plant Size ◽  
Dry Mass ◽  
Reproductive Allocation ◽  
Alliaria Petiolata ◽  
Position Effects ◽  
Threshold Size ◽  
Linear Relationships ◽  
Total Seed

We examined the development of ovules and components of reproductive yield as they related to plant size and fruit position within plants of Alliaria petiolata (M. Bieb.) Cavara and Grande from three sites. We found that both factors affected fruit and seed production, and patterns of ovule fate. Larger plants were more fecund than their smaller counterparts, while proximally positioned flowers within an inflorescence produced more seeds. Maternal investment was regulated according to plant mass at two levels: among fruits (small plants had significantly lower fruit-set than did large plants), and within fruits (small plants had significantly fewer ovules and significantly higher proportions of aborted ovules per fruit than did large plants). All absolute measures of reproduction had positive linear relationships with plant size, but a threshold size for flowering was not found. Most proportional measures of reproduction were independent of plant size. Small plants produced the same relative proportions of total seed number and total seed mass per unit plant dry mass as large plants. Therefore, proportional reproductive allocation did not vary with plant size. However, small plants produced proportionately more flowers per unit dry mass. Small plants may be maximizing their overall fitness through increased allocation to male function (flower production).Key words: Alliaria petiolata, plant-size effects, fruit-position effects, reproductive allocation, patterns of ovule abortion, seed maturation.

Female Red Squirrel (Tamiasciurus hudsonicus) Reproductive Tracts from Fenitrothion Treated and Untreated Forest of Southeastern New Brunswick

1986 ◽  
Vol 62 (4) ◽  
pp. 233-235 ◽  
Author(s):  
Louis LaPierre
Keyword(s):  
New Brunswick ◽  
Coniferous Forest ◽  
Tamiasciurus Hudsonicus ◽  
Corpora Lutea ◽  
Red Squirrel ◽  
Probability Level ◽  
Red Squirrels ◽  
August 15Th ◽  
Student’S T ◽  
Student’S T Test

Between August 15th and September 15th 1979, 1980 and 1981, 77 and 74 red squirrels, Tamiasciurus hudsonicus, were captured within the sprayed and unsprayed coniferous forest of southeastern New Brunswick. Following live capture, the squirrels were sacrificed, weighed and the reproductive tracts were removed and preserved in a 10% formalin solution.Counts of placental scars and corpora lutea of squirrels that inhabited the sprayed forest had a mean placental scar count of 3.8 and a mean corpora lutea count of 4.2. Squirrels from the unsprayed coniferous forest had a mean placental count of 3.6 and a corpora lutea count of 3.9. Statistical analyses, using the student's T-test with a probability level of 0.05, revealed no significant differences in reproductive success of the two groups of squirrels.

Cotton pollination by honeybees

2002 ◽  
Vol 42 (4) ◽  
pp. 513 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Rhodes
Keyword(s):  
Honey Bees ◽  
Field Trial ◽  
Seed Weight ◽  
Total Mass ◽  
Seed Mass ◽  
Average Weight ◽  
Single Seed ◽  
Total Seed ◽  
Number Of Seeds

In a field trial, significant increases for the total number of bolls harvested (11.1%), total mass of bolls (16.5%), total lint mass (15.8%), total seed mass (19.7%) and total number of seeds per sample (16.5%) were obtained from plots receiving the highest number of bee visits compared with plots receiving the lowest number of bee visits. Lint-quality examinations resulted in a significant improvement for micronaire and fineness with increased bee visits. Non-significant increases were obtained for the mass of 100 seeds (3.8%), average single seed weight (3.9%), average number of seeds per boll (4.7%) and average weight of lint per boll (5.0%). Caged plots with honey bees had significantly greater total boll mass; total seed mass; and average single-seed weight than caged plots without honey bees.

Nitrogen, phosphorus, and light effects on reproduction and fitness of wild rice

Botany ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 90 (9) ◽  
pp. 876-883 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lee Sims ◽  
John Pastor ◽  
Tali Lee ◽  
Brad Dewey
Keyword(s):  
Seed Production ◽  
Wild Rice ◽  
Seed Mass ◽  
Nitrogen Addition ◽  
Plant Fitness ◽  
Seed Biomass ◽  
Light Effects ◽  
Total Seed ◽  
Nitrogen Phosphorus ◽  
Number Of Seeds

Plant fitness is typically correlated with total seed biomass or the number of seeds produced per plant, but the connection from seed production to seedlings the following year is seldom made. Seedling production in grasses, including wild rice ( Zizania palustris L.) is determined by the number of inflorescences produced, the number of seeds per inflorescence, the mean mass per seed, proportion of seeds that are filled, predation on seeds, and germination rates. Previous studies have shown that wild rice biomass production is limited primarily by nitrogen and secondarily by phosphorus and light. To test how nitrogen, phosphorus, and light modulate plant fitness, we evaluated the effects of nitrogen, phosphorus, and light on the above parameters. Nitrogen addition increased number of inflorescences, seeds per inflorescence, and mean seed mass, resulting in more seedlings produced, hence greater fitness, despite increased rice worm predation and lower germination rates of seeds compared to seeds from plants grown without nitrogen addition. Phosphorus additions and full sunlight also increased the number of seedlings per plant, mainly after nitrogen was added. Therefore, the maternal environment not only affects seed production but the number of seedlings that emerge the following year, especially with respect to nitrogen.

Early development of planted spruce and pine after scarification, fertilization and herbicide treatments in New Brunswick

2010 ◽  
Vol 86 (4) ◽  
pp. 444-454 ◽  
Author(s):  
Darwin Burgess ◽  
Greg Adams ◽  
Ted Needham ◽  
Craig Robinson ◽  
Rolland Gagnon
Keyword(s):  
New Brunswick ◽  
Pinus Banksiana ◽  
White Spruce ◽  
Jack Pine ◽  
Early Growth ◽  
Nutrient Concentrations ◽  
Red Maple ◽  
White Birch ◽  
Operational Conditions ◽  
Tree Survival

Scarification, fertilization and herbicide responses were investigated within nine years of planting black, Norway and white spruce, and jack pine seedlings in a clearcut in a mixedwood forest in New Brunswick, Canada. The study was designed as a complete, randomized block split-plot design with three replicates. Tree survival overall was 84%. Only jack pine survival improved significantly, with silvicultural treatment increasing from 51% to 78% with operational and to 82% with intensive herbicide applications, and to 84% after scarification alone. As expected, jack pine had greater early growth than spruce. Herbicide reduced competition and dramatically increased early growth of all four tree species, and scarification generally interacted with herbicide to further increase growth. Mean height at age nine increased with silvicultural treatments from 1.6 m to 4.0 m for jack pine, 1.2 m to 2.8 m for black spruce and 0.8 m to 2.2 m for Norway and white spruce. Foliar NPK nutrient concentrations generally increased after fertilization and herbicide applications, as did soil NPK availability when examined using ion exchange resins. Major plant competitors were trembling and largetooth aspen, red maple, beaked hazel and white birch. Higher competition after treatment at the New Brunswick site under more operational conditions was a key factor in lowering its tree productivity compared with a similar research study with much more aggressive competition control in northern Ontario involving both jack pine and black spruce.Key words: vegetation management, early plantation performance, seedling growth and nutrient uptake, Pinus banksiana, Picea mariana, Picea glauca, Picea abies, intensive silviculture

scholarly journals The germination success of the cut seeds of Eugenia pyriformis depends on their size and origin

2015 ◽  
Vol 37 (1) ◽  
pp. 47-54 ◽  
Author(s):  
Juliana Sakagawa Prataviera ◽  
Edmir Vicente Lamarca ◽  
Carmen Cinira Teixeira ◽  
Claudio José Barbedo
Keyword(s):  
Water Content ◽  
Seed Production ◽  
Seed Size ◽  
High Capacity ◽  
Dry Mass ◽  
Germination Success ◽  
Length Width ◽  
Number Of Seeds

Seeds of Eugenia pyriformis may produce several seedlings after cutting. Both the type of cutting and the size of the seed can determine the success in obtaining new seedlings. The size of the seeds is dependent on both the number of seeds per fruit and the conditions in which seeds develop, as well as the biometric characteristics of these seeds obtained from different regions and seasons. The seeds from each origin were evaluated in length, width, thickness, water content and dry mass, as well as the average number of seeds per fruit. From one of the regions, seeds were grouped according to the number of seeds per fruit and also according to their size, and then cut into two and four parts, and then analyzed for the fragments germination. The results demonstrated the high capacity of these seed fragments to produce new seedlings, but the capability reduces with the reduction in seed size. This size depends not only on the number of seeds per fruit, but also on the region and the period of the seed production.

AN INFESTATION OF NEODIPRION VIRGINIANUS COMPLEX (HYMENOPTERA: DIPRIONIDAE) IN NORTHEASTERN NEW BRUNSWICK

1970 ◽  
Vol 102 (4) ◽  
pp. 471-473
Author(s):  
G. R. Underwood
Keyword(s):  
Life History ◽  
New Brunswick ◽  
Pinus Banksiana ◽  
Jack Pine

AbstractAn infestation of Neodiprion virginianus complex and its abrupt termination in a stand of jack pine, Pinus banksiana Lamb., in northeastern New Brunswick is described. The life history, habits, and parasites of the sawfly are reported.

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