Life cycle of Crenosoma petrowi (Nematoda: Metastrongyloidea) from black bears (Ursus americanus)

1994 ◽  
Vol 72 (2) ◽  
pp. 300-302 ◽  
Author(s):  
Edward M. Addison ◽  
Grant A. Fraser
Keyword(s):  
Life Cycle ◽  
Vulpes Vulpes ◽  
Ursus Americanus ◽  
Prepatent Period ◽  
Black Bears ◽  
Mephitis Mephitis ◽  
Red Foxes ◽  
The Third ◽  
Third Stage ◽  
Striped Skunks

First-stage larvae of Crenosoma petrowi Morozov, 1939 from feces of black bears (Ursus americanus) developed to the third stage in the gastropod Mesodon thyroidus. In snails held at 23.5 °C, the first and second moults occurred on days 6–7 and 9–11, respectively, after infection. The prepatent period of C. petrowi was 19–25 days in five experimentally infected black bears. Both times of first and second moults and the prepatent periods are similar among species of Crenosoma. Crenosoma petrowi did not produce patent infections in, and no nematodes were recovered from, experimentally infected striped skunks (Mephitis mephitis), raccoons (Procyon lotor), or red foxes (Vulpes vulpes).

Transmission of Dirofilaria ursi Yamaguti, 1941 (Nematoda: Onchocercidae) of black bears (Ursus americanus) by blackflies (Simuliidae)

1980 ◽  
Vol 58 (10) ◽  
pp. 1913-1922 ◽  
Author(s):  
Edward M. Addison
Keyword(s):  
Ursus Americanus ◽  
Morphological Changes ◽  
Prepatent Period ◽  
Malpighian Tubules ◽  
Black Bears ◽  
Infective Stage ◽  
The Third ◽  
Third Stage ◽  
Effects Of Temperature

Microfilariae of Dirofilaria ursi Yamaguti, 1941 from black bears (Ursus americanus) developed to the third stage in Simulium venustum Say and perhaps other simuliids but not in culicids, tabanids, and ceratopogonids. Malpighian tubules were the only site which supported development to the third stage. In blackflies held at 27 and 23 °C, D. ursi reached the third stage in 5 and 9 days respectively. At 18 °C larvae did not reach the third stage in blackflies held for 16 days.The effects of temperature (18, 23, and 27 °C) on growth of D. ursi in the vector are described. Morphological changes in larvae during development to the infective stage at 23 °C are reported. The prepatent period of D. ursi in black bears is 210–271 days.

Description of the pupa and redescription of the third instar of Phileurus valgus (Olivier) (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Dynastinae: Phileurini)

Zootaxa ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 4290 (3) ◽  
pp. 571
Author(s):  
MARIO G. IBARRA-POLESEL ◽  
NESTOR G. VALLE ◽  
JHON C. NEITA-MORENO ◽  
MIRYAM P. DAMBORSKY
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Life Cycle ◽  
West Indies ◽  
New World ◽  
Common Species ◽  
Southern United States ◽  
Immature Stages ◽  
The West ◽  
The Third ◽  
Third Stage

Phileurus valgus (Olivier) (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Dynastinae: Phileurini) is a common species widely distributed from the southern United States to Argentina and the West Indies. In this work the immature stages are described and illustrated based on specimens from Argentina. A key to the known third-stage larvae of New World Phileurini species is provided and updated. Notes on the life cycle and natural history are also included. 

Studies on the Biology of some Oxyurid Nematodes. II. The Hatching of Eggs and Development of Aspiculuris tetraptera Schulz, within the Host

1966 ◽  
Vol 40 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 261-268 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. O. Anya
Keyword(s):  
Life Cycle ◽  
The Third ◽  
Third Stage ◽  
Lower Intestine ◽  
Aspiculuris Tetraptera

A re-examination of the life-cycle of the mouse pinworm, Aspiculuris tetraptera has shown that the infective eggs hatch in the lower intestine or in the caecum of the host, to release the first stage larvae. After moulting, these larvae migrate into the crypts of the colon; those larvae which do not migrate into the crypts apparently pass out of the host with the faeces. The larvae in the crypts, presumably the third stage, later return to the lumen of the colon where they mature into adults. Males are mature by about the 20th day and females by the 23rd day. Viable eggs are released by the females 24 days after infection.

Life cycle ofTrichostrongylus retortaeformisin its natural host, the rabbit (Oryctolagus cuniculus)

2002 ◽  
Vol 76 (3) ◽  
pp. 189-192 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. Audebert ◽  
H. Hoste ◽  
M.C. Durette-Desset
Keyword(s):  
Life Cycle ◽  
Oryctolagus Cuniculus ◽  
Life Cycles ◽  
Prepatent Period ◽  
Natural Host ◽  
Patent Period ◽  
Free Living ◽  
The Third ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Relationship

AbstractThe chronology of the life cycle ofTrichostrongylus retortaeformis(Zeder, 1800) (Nematoda, Trichostrongyloidea) is studied in its natural hostOryctolagus cuniculus. The free living period lasted 5 days at 24°C. Worm-free rabbits were each infectedper oswithT. retortaeformislarvae. Rabbits were killed at 12 h post-infection (p.i.) and every day from one day to 13 days p.i. By 12 h p.i., all the larvae were exsheathed and in the small intestine. The third moult occurred between 3 and 5 days p.i. and the last moult between 4 and 7 days p.i. The prepatent period lasted 12 to 13 days. The patent period lasted five and a half months. The four known life cycles of species ofTrichostrongylusin ruminants were compared with that ofT. retortaeformis. No significant difference was found except in the duration of the prepatent period. These similarities in the life cycles confirm the previously formulated hypotheses on the relationship between the parasites of the two host groups ().

scholarly journals Duration of life-cycle of three parasitic hymenoptera on Saissetia oleαe (Bernard) growing on two different host plants.

2017 ◽  
Vol 3 ◽  
pp. 63
Author(s):  
M.V. Macropodi
Keyword(s):  
Life Cycle ◽  
Host Plants ◽  
Correlation Equation ◽  
Scale Insect ◽  
Nerium Oleander ◽  
The Third ◽  
Parasitic Hymenoptera ◽  
Third Stage ◽  
Release Area ◽  
The Mean

In this work the duration of the life-cycle of Metaphycus helvolus (Comp.) (parasite mainly on the third stage), Μetaphycus affinis stanley (Comp.) (parasite mainly on the third stage) and Μetaphycus lounsburyi (How.) (parasite mainly on the fourth stage) (Hymenoptera: Encyrtidae) on S. οleae, developed on different substrates, i.e. potato sprouts and plants of Nerium oleander, under laboratory conditions was determined. Among the Hymenoptera parasitizing S. oleae on Corfu, M, helvolus and M. lounsburyi, are of particular importance M. affinis stanley was introduced in Corfu in 1976 and despite the fact that the population of S. οleae in the release area was practically eliminated from other factors shortly after the release of the parasite, there is evidence that the parasite was finally established. The above parasites can be successfully reared on S. οleae developed both on potato sprouts and Nerium oleander. The study was carried out at 23±1°C, 65-70% R.H. and 12 hours of artificial light per day. For each species, 3 potato sprouts and three plants of Nerium oleander in pots infested with S. οleae were placed in each 60X30X40 cm cage. The host insects were oviposited in by adult parasites introduced into the cages and left there for two days. The number of emerging adult parasites in each cage was recorded daily (a total number of adults emerged per cage varied from 23 to 195) and the time taken for 50% emergence was calculated from the correlation equation by plotting the cumulative percentage of adults emerged against time. For M. helvolus the mean duration time of the life cycle was estimated to be 19.4 days on scales developed on potato sprouts and 15.1 days on scales developed on N. oleander. For M. affinis stanley the relevant estimates were 18.8 days and 23.4 days, respectively, while for M. lounsburvi the estimates were 21.3 and 18.6 days, respectively. For M. helvolus and M. lounsburyi the duration of the life cycle was shorter when the host insect developed on Nerium plants than on potato sprouts. For M. affinis stanley the reverse was true. These differences show the effect of the host of S. oleae on the time of development of the parasites, possibly reflecting the differences of the scale insect developed on different hosts as food quality for the parasites.

scholarly journals KANTOR EQUIPOISE: MENYEIMBANGKAN KEHIDUPAN BEKERJA DAN BERKELUARGA

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 1979
Author(s):  
Judelia Kusuma Halim ◽  
Sidhi Wiguna Teh
Keyword(s):  
Life Cycle ◽  
Life Goals ◽  
Office Building ◽  
Main Concept ◽  
The Third ◽  
Parents And Children ◽  
Third Stage ◽  
Zone Division ◽  
Color Texture

Millennials behavior is currently being shaped by the life cycle effect, in which they are setting out for the third stage of life with a focus on career improvement and starting a family. Equipoise Office is a space facilitating millenials in achieving and balancing those life goals. Equipoise Office is an office building, divided into two-towers by applying transprogramming in design to produce a new program that can be experienced by millennials. It is designed in a form that symbolizes parents and children as the main concept that reflects the mix of programs in it. The second skin is added as an element that aids in reducing heat and light that enters the building. Zone division is designed based on user analysis in accordance with the method used, intended to provide space experience to users and visitors efficiently with the embodiment of architecture in the form of light, shadow, material, color, texture, and shape of space. Abstrak Saat ini, perilaku generasi milenial dipengaruhi oleh life cycle effect, di mana mereka sedang memulai di tahap kehidupan ketiga dengan fokus meningkatkan karir serta memulai kehidupan berkeluarga. Kantor Equipoise merupakan sebuah wadah bagi mereka untuk dapat mencapai dan menyeimbangkan tujuan kehidupan tersebut. Kantor Equipoise merupakan sebuah kantor yang terbagi menjadi 2 tower dengan penerapan transprogramming dalam desain untuk menghasilkan sebuah program baru yang dapat dialami oleh generasi milenial. Kantor Equipoise didesain dengan bentuk yang melambangkan orang tua dan anaknya sebagai konsep utama yang mencerminkan paduan program di dalamnya. Penambahan second skin ditujukan sebagai elemen yang membantu mengurangi panas dan cahaya yang masuk ke dalam bangunan. Desain pembagian zona didasarkan pada analisis pengguna sesuai dengan metode yang digunakan, bertujuan untuk memberikan pengalaman ruang kepada pengguna maupun pengunjung secara efisien dengan perwujudan arsitektur berupa cahaya, bayangan, material, warna, tekstur, serta bentuk ruang.

Observations on the life history of the cat Lungworm. Aelurostrongylus abstrusus (Railliet, 1898) (Nematoda: Metastrongylidae)

1957 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 188 ◽  
Author(s):  
MJ Mackerras
Keyword(s):  
Life History ◽  
Lung Tissue ◽  
Prepatent Period ◽  
The Body ◽  
Characteristic Pattern ◽  
Aelurostrongylus Abstrusus ◽  
The Third ◽  
Third Stage ◽  
History Of

First-stage larvae of Aelurostrongylus abstrusus (Railliet) developed readily in the garden slug, Agriolimax laevis (Muller), two moults occurring in this host. When infected slugs were eaten by a cat, the third-stage larvae migrated at once to the lungs, where they underwent the third and fourth moults. The prepatent period in the cat was about 39 days. When infected slugs were fed to laboratory-bred mice, the third-stage larvae were not digested, but congregated in great numbers in the gastro-splenic ligament, forming minute yellowish cysts. They were also recovered in small numbers from other parts of the body. Third-stage larvae survived unchanged in mice for 12 weeks, and probably would survive for longer periods. Mice were regarded as important auxillary hosts. The minute adult worms were found in the bronchioles of the cat. They were always very difficult to locate. The eggs were laid in the alveoli, forming a characteristic pattern of small, solid nodules scattered throughout the lung tissue.

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