Differential responses of biotypes of the pea aphid, Acyrthosiphon pisum (Harris), to a chemically defined diet

1978 ◽  
Vol 56 (12) ◽  
pp. 2481-2485 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. N. Srivastava ◽  
J. L. Auclair
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
New Mexico ◽  
North America ◽  
Relative Efficiency ◽  
Acyrthosiphon Pisum ◽  
The United States ◽  
Pea Aphid ◽  
Third Generation ◽  
Total Diet ◽  
Percent Increase

Four clones of the pea aphid, Acyrthosiphon pisum (Harris), collected from different regions in North America (St-Jean and Ile-aux-Coudres, Quebec, in Canada, and New Mexico and Kansas in the United States) were reared on an aseptic chemically defined diet and characterized into biotypes. The clones from St-Jean and Kansas appeared similar and represent one biotype, whereas those from New Mexico and Ile-aux-Coudres were different from each other, as well as from St-Jean and Kansas. Third-generation larvae were produced only by biotypes St-Jean and New Mexico; however, none of them reached the adult stage.The amount of diet ingested and its utilization by different clones also varied. In 24 h, the total diet ingested by flrst-instar larvae from St-Jean, Kansas, New Mexico, and Ile-aux-Coudres was 164,140, 112, and 65 μg per aphid respectively. During the same period the larvae increased their weights by 28, 13, 10, and 10% respectively. Total, or percent increase in weight, was however not proportional to the amount of diet ingested, thus reflecting on the relative efficiency of diet utilization by different clones.

A Chronological Problem Presented by Sandia Cave, New Mexico

1940 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 200-201 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wesley L. Bliss
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
New Mexico ◽  
North America ◽  
The United States ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Ice Age ◽  
Interesting Problem ◽  
Glacial Deposits ◽  
Ground Sloth ◽  
Made In

Sandia Cave is located in an escarpment of Pennsylvania limestone in Ellis Canyon, thirty miles northeast of Albuquerque, New Mexico. It presents an interesting problem in regard to the time when man existed in North America contemporaneously with the horse (equus?), the ground sloth (nothrotherium), and other extinct Pleistocene forms. In the United States, discoveries of artifacts with extinct mammals do not show necessarily that man existed in the Pleistocene or ice age, but may indicate that the mammals have survived that period and become extinct in more recent times. The best criteria for dating would be collections made in the glaciated areas and associated with glacial deposits. However, this is not always possible, and other means must be sought. Dating can be done to some degree of accuracy by the interpretation of climatic conditions that existed at the time the deposits were laid down.

scholarly journals First Record of Meloidogyne partityla on Pecan in Georgia

Plant Disease ◽  
2002 ◽  
Vol 86 (4) ◽  
pp. 441-441 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. P. Nyczepir ◽  
C. C. Reilly ◽  
B. W. Wood ◽  
S. H. Thomas
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
South Africa ◽  
New Mexico ◽  
North America ◽  
Host Range ◽  
Nematode Species ◽  
First Record ◽  
The United States ◽  
Root Knot Nematode ◽  
Narrow Host Range

In July 2000, tree decline was observed in a commercial pecan (Carya illinoensis (Wang.) K. Koch) orchard in Crisp County, GA. Most affected trees exhibited dead branches in the upper canopy, stunted growth, and feeder roots with small galls and associated egg masses typical of root-knot nematode infection. All declining trees that were examined had root systems infected with a Meloidogyne sp. Efforts to culture the nematode on tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill. ‘Rutgers’) were unsuccessful. Identification of the nematode was determined by two laboratory procedures in March 2001. Female nematodes were teased from fresh pecan root galls of declining trees in Georgia, and identified by determining the esterase phenotype from replicate samples of single females compared with standard root-knot nematode species, including a population of M. partityla (3). Galled roots also were sent to New Mexico State University in Las Cruces, where mitochondrial DNA from specimens was extracted and compared with that from standard root-knot nematode species and known populations of M. partityla (2). Specimens had esterase phenotypes and DNA patterns consistent with M. partityla. Esterase phentoypes were inconsistent with M. incognita and M. arenaria, and DNA patterns were inconsistent with M. incognita, M. javanica, and M. hapla. Specimens at both locations were identified as M. partityla Kleynhans (1). To our knowledge, this is the first report of M. partityla from Georgia and the third report of this nematode outside of South Africa. The first and second report of M. partityla from pecan in the United States occurred in Texas and New Mexico in 1996 and 2001, respectively (3,4). Our inability to culture the M. partityla-GA isolate on tomato substantiates previous experience with this nematode in the United States (3) and is not surprising, since this species has a host range limited to the Juglandaceae. Furthermore, M. partityla may be endemic to North America and not South Africa. It is believed this nematode entered South Africa on pecan seedling roots imported from the United States between 1912 and 1940 (1). The unusually narrow host range may explain why M. partityla has gone unrecognized for so long in the United States compared with the more common Meloidogyne spp. (i.e., M. incognita and M. arenaria) with wider host ranges found in pecan orchards. Determining the distribution of M. partityla within the major pecan-growing regions of Georgia and throughout North America is warranted. References: (1) K. P. N. Kleynhans. Phytophylactica 18:103, 1986. (2) T. O. Powers and T. S. Harris. J. Nematol. 25:1, 1993. (3) J. L. Starr et al. J. Nematol. 28:565, 1996. (4) S. H. Thomas et al. Plant Dis. 85:1030, 2001.

Distinction de biotypes dans des populations du puceron du pois, Acyrthosiphon pisum (Harris), de l'Amérique du Nord

1977 ◽  
Vol 55 (6) ◽  
pp. 983-989 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jacques L. Auclair ◽  
P. N. Srivastava
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
New Mexico ◽  
Pisum Sativum ◽  
Host Plants ◽  
Acyrthosiphon Pisum ◽  
Broad Bean ◽  
Growth Curves ◽  
The United States ◽  
Susceptible Host ◽  
Pisum Sativum L

Virginoparae of Acyrthosiphon pisum (Harris) collected from three different localities in the Province of Québec, Canada (Sainte-Thérèse de Blainville, Saint-Jean, and Ile aux Coudres), and two in the United States (states of Kansas and New Mexico) were reared on two normally susceptible host plants: e.g. the broad bean, Viciafaba L., variety Windsor, and the pea, Pisum sativum L., variety Lincoln. Results from growth curves suggest that the former three clones represent one or several biotypes different from the latter two, and results from mortality and rate of reproduction indicate that the clones from Saint-Jean and Sainte-Thérèse are two different biotypes. High mortality on peas indicates further that the clone from Ile aux Coudres is a biotype different from the others, whereas the clones from New Mexico and Kansas may represent only one biotype.

scholarly journals Notes on Stenochiini Kirby, 1837 genera and species from western North America (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae)

Dugesiana ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 28 (2) ◽  
pp. 81-87
Author(s):  
M. Andrew Johnston ◽  
◽  
Kevin Cortés Hernández ◽  
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
New Mexico ◽  
North America ◽  
Sonoran Desert ◽  
The United States ◽  
New Combination ◽  
Desert Region ◽  
Continental Divide ◽  
First Time ◽  
Coleoptera Tenebrionidae

The tribe Stenochiini Kirby, 1837 comprises six genera in North America with most species occurring in the tropical and temperateregions of the continent. Only two species in the genus Strongylium Kirby, 1818 have previously been reported from west of theContinental Divide in the United States from Arizona and New Mexico and no members of the tribe have been reported from the stateof Sonora, Mexico. We here report Strongylium tenuicolle (Say, 1826), known to be widely distributed east of the Rocky Mountains,from west of the Continental Divide for the first time from both Arizona and New Mexico. We similarly report the first records ofboth Strongylium apache Triplehorn and Spilman, 1973 and Strongylium atrum Champion, 1888 from Sonora. Oploptera chamelensis(Doyen, 1990) was previously known only from the type series from Jalisco, Mexico and is here reported from Sonora, which thereby extends the known range of this genus significantly. To promote consistency in generic recognition, we propose the transfer of Oploptera simplicicollis (LeConte, 1878) New Combination from Strongylium for the species distributed across the southeastern United States. Species diagnoses are given, and generic boundaries are discussed along with the expected diversity of the Sonoran Desert region.

Description of a new species of Osmia (Hymenoptera: Megachilidae) from southwestern North America, with a redescription of the enigmatic species Osmia foxi Cameron

Zootaxa ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 2512 (1) ◽  
pp. 26
Author(s):  
MOLLY G. RIGHTMYER ◽  
TERRY GRISWOLD
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
New Species ◽  
New Mexico ◽  
North America ◽  
The United States ◽  
Cochise County ◽  
Hidalgo County ◽  
A New Species

The Osmia of southwestern North America are not well known. A new species, Osmia (Acanthosmioides) palmula, and the enigmatic Osmia (Melanosmia) foxi Cameron, known only from the male holotype, are described and figured in both sexes, with additional comments on their distribution and biology. A checklist and key to the known Osmia species from Cochise County, Arizona, Hidalgo County, New Mexico, and adjacent counties in the United States are presented.

Large euenantiornithine birds from the Cretaceous of southern France, North America and Argentina

2007 ◽  
Vol 144 (6) ◽  
pp. 977-986 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. A. WALKER ◽  
E. BUFFETAUT ◽  
G. J. DYKE
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
New Mexico ◽  
North America ◽  
Geographical Distribution ◽  
Late Cretaceous ◽  
The United States ◽  
Southern France ◽  
Wide Geographical Distribution ◽  
The Village ◽  
Northern And Southern Hemispheres

AbstractWe review historical approaches to the systematics of Enantiornithes, the dominant birds of the second half of the Mesozoic, and describe the forelimb remains of a new Cretaceous euenantiornithine. This taxon is known on the basis of fossil specimens collected from southern France, Argentina and the United States; such a wide geographical distribution is uncharacteristic for Enantiornithes as most taxa are known from single localities. Fossils from the Massecaps locality close to the village of Cruzy (Hérault, southern France), in combination with elements from New Mexico (USA) and from the Argentine locality of El Brete (Salta Province) testify to the global distribution of large flighted euenantiornithine birds in the Late Cretaceous. We discuss the systematics and taxonomy of additional isolated bones of Enantiornithes that were collected from the Argentine El Brete locality in the 1970s; the presence of these flying birds in Cretaceous rocks on both sides of the equator, in both northern and southern hemispheres, further demonstrates the ubiquity of this avian lineage by the latter stages of the Mesozoic.

THE PEA APHID PARASITE APHIDIUS SMITHI (HYMENOPTERA: BRACONIDAE), FOUND IN ALBERTA

1976 ◽  
Vol 108 (11) ◽  
pp. 1296-1296 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. M. Harper
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
British Columbia ◽  
North America ◽  
Gulf Coast ◽  
The United States ◽  
Pea Aphid ◽  
Western Canada ◽  
Canadian Prairies ◽  
Aphid Parasite ◽  
Important Parasite

Aphidius smithi Sharma and Subba Rao is the most important parasite of the pea aphid, Acyrthosiphum pisum (Harris), in North America. In 1958, it was imported into the United States from India to control the pea aphid and was subsequently released and recovered in most of continental United States except the Gulf Coast States and Texas (Halfhill et al. 1972). Mackauer and Finlayson (1967) reported that the parasite was present in Ontario, Quebec, and British Columbia and had been released but not recovered in Nova Scotia. A. smithi has never been released in western Canada nor been found on the Canadian prairies before 1970.

Magic and Politics

2020 ◽  
Vol 23 (4) ◽  
pp. 5-14
Author(s):  
Sabina Magliocco
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
North America ◽  
Human Behavior ◽  
Presidential Election ◽  
The United States ◽  
Right Wing ◽  
Special Issue ◽  
Far Right ◽  
Cultural Expression ◽  
Spirit World

This essay introduces a special issue of Nova Religio on magic and politics in the United States in the aftermath of the 2016 presidential election. The articles in this issue address a gap in the literature examining intersections of religion, magic, and politics in contemporary North America. They approach political magic as an essentially religious phenomenon, in that it deals with the spirit world and attempts to motivate human behavior through the use of symbols. Covering a range of practices from the far right to the far left, the articles argue against prevailing scholarly treatments of the use of esoteric technologies as a predominantly right-wing phenomenon, showing how they have also been operationalized by the left in recent history. They showcase the creativity of magic as a form of human cultural expression, and demonstrate how magic coexists with rationality in contemporary western settings.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document