The descriptive and comparative postcranial osteology of marten (Martes americana Turton) and fisher (Martes pennanti Erxleben): the appendicular skeleton

1977 ◽  
Vol 55 (1) ◽  
pp. 199-214 ◽  
Author(s):  
Doug Leach
Keyword(s):  
Morphological Characteristics ◽  
Skeletal Remains ◽  
Martes Americana ◽  
Appendicular Skeleton ◽  
Martes Pennanti ◽  
Morphometric Data ◽  
Males And Females

The morphological characteristics of the appendicular skeleton of 26 adult fisher and 55 adult marten were studied to determine those characteristics that could be used to distinguish between species and sexes. Measurements and illustrations were used to supplement the descriptions of most bones. The appendicular skeletons of marten and fisher are similar in structure but it is possible to distinguish between the skeletal elements of these mustelids using morphometric data. Distinction can also be made between certain postcranial skeletal remains of males and females within each species using bone measurements.

The descriptive and comparative postcranial osteology of marten (Martes americana Turton) and fisher (Martes pennanti Erxleben): the axial skeleton

1978 ◽  
Vol 56 (5) ◽  
pp. 1180-1191 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. H. Leach ◽  
V. S. De Kleer
Keyword(s):  
Axial Skeleton ◽  
Martes Americana ◽  
Skeletal Element ◽  
Martes Pennanti ◽  
Morphometric Data ◽  
Interspecific Differences ◽  
Morphological Basis ◽  
Spinous Processes ◽  
Males And Females

The postcranial axial skeletons of 23 fisher (Martes pennanti) and 25 marten (Martes americana) are described to determine those characteristics that could be used to distinguish between species and sexes. Measurements and illustrations were used to supplement the description of most bones. The axial skeletons of marten and fisher are similar in structure but it is possible to distinguish interspecific differences in each postcranial skeletal element of these mustelids using morphometric data. Distinction can also be made between certain elements of males and females within each species using bone measurements. The morphological basis of function is described for the spinous processes of the vertebrae.

The First Record of Parthenitae and Cercariae of Plagiorchis Multiglandularis (Trematoda, Plagiorchiidae) in Lymnaea Stagnalis in Ukraine

2018 ◽  
Vol 52 (4) ◽  
pp. 289-294
Author(s):  
E. P. Zhytova
Keyword(s):  
Lymnaea Stagnalis ◽  
Morphological Characteristics ◽  
First Record ◽  
Morphometric Data ◽  
Diagnostic Characters ◽  
Plagiorchis Elegans

Abstract Parthenitae and cercariae of Plagiorchis. multiglandularis Semenov, 1927 are recorded in Lymnaea stagnalis (Linnaeus, 1758) for the fi rst time in Ukraine; their morphological characteristics are specifi ed. Diagnostic characters of P. multiglandularis parthenitae and cercariae found in Ukrainian Polissia are compared with those from other regions. To confi rm the validity of the species, a comparison of the morphometric data of this trematode larvae with the cercariae of Plagiorchis elegans (Rudolphi, 1802) Braun, 1902, found in molluscs L. stagnalis, L. ralustris and L. corvuses, was performed. It was determined that P. multiglandularis cercariae diff er from those of P. elegans in size and position of the penetration glands.

Fusion of the distal femoral epiphysis in male and female marten and fisher

1975 ◽  
Vol 53 (11) ◽  
pp. 1514-1518 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. I. Dagg ◽  
D. Leach ◽  
G. Sumner-Smith
Keyword(s):  
Good Method ◽  
Martes Americana ◽  
Martes Pennanti ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Distal Femoral Epiphysis

The distal femoral epiphyses of 142 marten (Martes americana) and 391 fisher (Martes pennanti), all trapped from November to February in the Algonquin region of Ontario, were radiographed to determine their state of fusion and the presence or absence of scar lines. These criteria indicated that on the average fusion occurred first in female marten, then in male marten, female fisher, and finally in male fisher. Thus the time of fusion in these mustelids was a function of size and possibly also of sex. Radiography of the femur of winter-trapped marten and fisher is not a good method of aging these species because the degree of fusion does not necessarily differentiate juveniles from adults.

scholarly journals Anatomy of the Hind Limb Skeleton of the Chinchilla (Chinchilla lanigera)

2007 ◽  
Vol 76 (4) ◽  
pp. 501-507 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Çevik-Demirkan ◽  
V. Özdemir ◽  
İ. Türkmenoğlu ◽  
İ. Demirkan
Keyword(s):  
Hind Limb ◽  
Average Distance ◽  
Proximal Phalanx ◽  
Ischial Tuberosity ◽  
Appendicular Skeleton ◽  
Obturator Foramen ◽  
Metatarsal Bones ◽  
Tarsal Bones ◽  
Males And Females ◽  
Small Bone

This study aimed to document the detailed features of the hind limb bones in chinchillas (Chinchilla lanigera). Twenty chinchillas (10 females and 10 males) were used. Animals were euthanized and X-ray of appendicular skeleton of pelvis was taken immediately. Then the bones were macerated. The iliac wing was considerably long and the gluteal line formed a distinct crista. The sacropelvic surface (facies sacropelvina) was not observed, however, the iliac tuberosity (tuberositas iliaca) was evident. While the average distance between the midacetabulum and the tuber coxae (ventral iliac spine) was 33.58 mm in males and 31.34 mm in females, the average distance between the midacetabulum and the ischial tuberosity was 15.09 mm in males and 17.18 mm in females (statistically non-significant). The caput ossis femoris was bent to medial at an average of 60 degrees angle. The differences in both the width and length of the obturator foramen between males and females were statistically significant (p < 0.05). The third trochanter (trochanter tertius) and the supracondyloid fossa were absent. The tibia and the fibula formed a joint on the proximal and distal parts. The comparative size of the distal tarsal bones were IV > III > I > II (from the largest to the smallest) and the fifth metatarsal bone shaped a small bone. The comparative lengths of the other metatarsal bones were II > III > I > IV (from the longest to the shortest). Three phalanges bones were notable. The proximal phalanx was the biggest of all.

scholarly journals Morphological correlates of prey consumed by Podarcis melisellensis (Braun, 1877) and P. siculus (Rafinesque, 1810) (Sauria, Lacertidae) from two mainland regions in the eastern Adriatic area

2013 ◽  
Vol 65 (3) ◽  
pp. 1015-1025
Author(s):  
S.Z. Stamenkovic ◽  
Rada Matic
Keyword(s):  
Resource Availability ◽  
Optimal Foraging ◽  
Morphological Traits ◽  
Prey Size ◽  
Morphological Characteristics ◽  
Optimal Foraging Theory ◽  
Variance Partitioning ◽  
Morphometric Data ◽  
Lizard Species ◽  
Trophic Resource

The correlation between trophic utilization and morphology was studied for two lizard species (Podarcis melisellensis and P. siculus) from two mainland localities in the eastern Adriatic area; this is the first report of trophic and morphometric data for P. melisellensis from mainland populations. Variance partitioning showed that most of the variation in morphological traits for the analyzed lizards was the result of differences between species, and to a lesser extent between sexes. Locality did not have a strong effect on the variation of morphological traits. Prey weight is the only characteristic of prey that generally exhibits correlations with morphological characteristics rather than prey size. The pattern of correlations is generally weaker for P. melisellensis than for P. siculus. Optimal foraging theory predictions were generally confirmed: P. siculus is more constrained by trophic resource availability, with a premium on larger and heavier prey consumed in the less productive locality (SM), which can be relaxed in more productive regions (KL). P. melisellensis shows such constraints only for males in the less productive region (SM). Females of both species consume heavier prey.

The morphology of the femur in marten and fisher

1976 ◽  
Vol 54 (4) ◽  
pp. 559-565 ◽  
Author(s):  
Doug Leach ◽  
Anne Innis Dagg
Keyword(s):  
Morphological Characteristics ◽  
Morphometric Data ◽  
Male And Female

The morphological characteristics of the femora of 377 fisher and 142 marten were studied to determine those characteristics which could be used to distinguish between species and between sexes. Measurements and illustrations were used to supplement the descriptions of these bones. The femora of marten and fisher are similar in structure but it is possible to distinguish between these bones using morphometric data. Distinction can also be made between femora of male and female marten using bone measurements. The robustness of these femora was also examined. The femora of female marten were more robust than those of male marten, while those of male and female fisher were similar in robustness.

The forelimb musculature of marten (Martes americana Turton) and fisher (Martes pennanti Erxleben)

1977 ◽  
Vol 55 (1) ◽  
pp. 31-41 ◽  
Author(s):  
Doug Leach
Keyword(s):  
Martes Americana ◽  
Martes Pennanti ◽  
Secondary Function ◽  
Intrinsic Muscles

Extrinsic and intrinsic muscles of the forelimbs of 25 adult fisher and 25 adult marten were described and compared and the importance of these muscles in arboreal locomotion was discussed. The forelimb myology of these two mustelids is structurally similar. The muscles of the forelimb synsarcosis and the muscles that flex the shoulder and elbow joints are particularly well developed. The existence of a strongly developed forelimb musculature needed for cursorial locomotion in marten and fisher apparently potentiates a secondary function in arboreal locomotion.

scholarly journals Pathology and morphometry of Hystrichis acanthocephalicus (Nematoda) from Phimosus infuscatus (Pelecaniformes) in southern Brazil

2017 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
pp. 34-38 ◽  
Author(s):  
Simone Scheer ◽  
Márcia Raquel Pegoraro Macedo ◽  
Mauro Pereira Soares ◽  
Camila Costa Schramm ◽  
Gertrud Muller
Keyword(s):  
Histopathological Examination ◽  
Neotropical Region ◽  
External Diameter ◽  
Southern Brazil ◽  
Morphometric Data ◽  
Aquatic Birds ◽  
Body Width ◽  
Pathological Conditions ◽  
Males And Females ◽  
Few Data

Abstract Species of Hystrichis are parasite nematodes of the digestive tract of aquatic birds in South America, Europe and Asia. In Brazil, Hystrichis acanthocephalicus has been reported in Phimosus infuscatus. There are few data on the morphometry of this species and there are no reports on pathological conditions that it causes. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to report morphometric data from H. acanthocephalicus and describe the pathological effects of this parasite on the Phimosus infuscatus proventriculus. Thirty gastrointestinal tracts of P. infuscatus were examined to search for nematodes and H. acanthocephalicus occurred in 83% of hosts. Were measured the total length and body width of males and females, and of their respective cuticular spines, esophagus, spicules and eggs, and the internal and external diameter of copulatory bursa. Histopathological examination revealed parasitic structures in the proventriculus from the lumen (anterior end) to the outer layers of the organ (intermediate and posterior parts), in which we observed inflammatory reaction with infiltration of heterophils, hemorrhage and hemosiderin. The results of this study of histopathology, morphometry and parasitological indices are the first ones reported to H. acanthocephalicus and should contribute to the identification and recognition in cases of outbreaks in the Neotropical region.

scholarly journals Anthropometric Analysis of the Growth Proportions of the Head and Face in Koreans.

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
In-Seung Yeo ◽  
Jung-Ah Park ◽  
Hye-In Lee ◽  
Ki-Seok Koh ◽  
Wu-Chul Song
Keyword(s):  
Age Groups ◽  
Morphological Characteristics ◽  
Lower Face ◽  
Face Height ◽  
Face Length ◽  
Upper Face ◽  
Males And Females ◽  
Growth Changes ◽  
Head Height ◽  
Lateral Head

Abstract The present study is to identify primarily the morphological characteristics in the growth proportion of the head and face for young Korean (8~24 years) and compare the magnitude of growth changes to the sex-related differences. Total 1,255 were divided into 3 age groups: childhood (8~10 years), adolescence (14~16 years), and young adult (20~24 years). The anthropometric assessments were performed with 11 landmarks on the head and facial dimensions. The standardized frontal and lateral head and face photographs were analyzed the craniofacial growth proportions and morphological features for the comparison of both sexes. The noteworthy differences of anthropometric measurements between sexes with growing were noted on the lower head height (22.6%, 17.8%), midface height (22.0%, 19.6%), lower face height (23.5%, 14.7%), and face length (21.1%, 14.9%), face breadth (14.8%, 11.3%) of males and females, respectively. Whereas the upper head height (7.9%, 6.0%) and upper face height (4.2%, 0%, respectively) were less growing features. The most remarkable changes are the dimension of midface height and lower face height in both sexes. The present study could demonstrate a fundamental example to elucidate the sex-related dimensional differences for the analysis of the growth proportion of both sexes in Koreans.

Morphological Classification of the Zygomatic Regions in Young Chinese Han Males and Females Based on a Simulated Moiré Pattern

2020 ◽  
Vol 36 (03) ◽  
pp. 281-289
Author(s):  
Guanhuier Wang ◽  
Lujia Chen ◽  
Ning Feng ◽  
Siqiao Wu ◽  
Jianfang Zhao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Morphological Characteristics ◽  
Computer Algorithm ◽  
Morphological Classification ◽  
Chinese Han ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Aesthetic Evaluation ◽  
Moire Pattern ◽  
Moiré Pattern ◽  
Males And Females ◽  
Type 3

AbstractThe complex curved contours of the zygomatic regions are difficult to analyze. Therefore, a better evaluation medium must be developed. We aimed to examine and summarize the morphological characteristics of the zygomatic region by using a moiré pattern map and computer algorithm. In this cross-sectional study, we collected three-dimensional images of the facial contours of 251 Han Chinese youth and established a morphological moiré map database. Clustering analysis using a computer algorithm was applied to obtain the zygomatic morphologies for classification. Aesthetic evaluation was performed to summarize the characteristics of the zygomatic types and provide reference for the preoperative morphological design of the midface. Zygomatic regions were morphologically classified into five types. Each type had its typical feature in the moiré pattern map. The moiré stripes in the left zygomatic region formed an “Ω” shape outward and downward in type 1, and they tended to be diagonal like “\\\” in type 2, smoothly curved like “)))” in type 3, vertical like “|||” in type 4, and diagonal like “///” in type 5. The aesthetic evaluation outcome indicated that the integrally flat zygoma (type 4) was more aesthetically pleasing among males, and the integrally prominent zygoma (type 3) was more aesthetically pleasing among females. Five morphological contour types of the zygoma were classified among the Chinese Han males and females based on the simulated moiré pattern. This morphological classification would aid in preparing a guide for clinical diagnosis and surgical planning.

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