An 11-year study of small mammal populations at Mont St. Hilaire, Quebec

1976 ◽  
Vol 54 (12) ◽  
pp. 2156-2173 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. R. Grant
Keyword(s):  
Small Mammals ◽  
Small Mammal ◽  
Sugar Maple ◽  
Deciduous Forest ◽  
Beech Forest ◽  
Microtus Pennsylvanicus ◽  
Blarina Brevicauda ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Range Of Variation ◽  
Relevant Factors

Mont St. Hilaire has an area of about 10 km2 covered by sugar maple and beech forest. Longworth traps were used on 46 grids from 1966 to 1976 in the snow-free period, mainly in June. One thousand and fifty-one individuals of 10 species of small mammals were captured. Two-thirds of these were Peromyscus, mainly P. maniculatus. Six female and one male Microtus pennsylvanicus were captured, all at least 1000 m from the nearest grassland, which is the usual habitat of this species.Within the forest the species apparently do not segregate into different habitats. Distribution, as measured by the number of grids on which each species was captured, is a function of total numbers. The relationship holds intraspecifically and interspecifically. Peromyscus (species combined), Clethrionomys gapperi, and Blarina brevicauda varied in June numbers from year to year. The range of variation was greatest for Peromyscus. Numbers of Peromyscus and Clethrionomys did not vary synchronously, and neither showed evidence of a regular periodicity in their fluctuations. Regular periodicity in fluctuations appears to be more prevalent in boreal forest populations than in deciduous forest populations. Some of the relevant factors are discussed.Le Mont Saint-Hilaire a une superficie d'environ 10 km2 et est recouvert d'une forêt d'érables à sucre et de hêtres. On a utilisé des pièges Longworth dans 46 sections d'un quadrillage, de 1966 à 1976, durant la période sans neige, surtout en juin. On a recueilli de cette façon 1051 petits mammifères appartenant à 10 espèces. Les deux-tiers de ces animaux appartiennent au genre Peromyscus, et ce sont surtout des P. maniculatus. Six femelles et un mâle de Microtus pennsylvanicus ont été capturés, tous à au moins 1000 m de la prairie la plus proche, environnement habituel de cette espèce.

Mortality of Cocoons of the Larch Sawfly, Pristiphora erichsonii (Htg.), in Relation to Distance from Small-Mammal Tunnels

1959 ◽  
Vol 91 (9) ◽  
pp. 535-542 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. H. Buckner
Keyword(s):  
Small Mammals ◽  
Small Mammal ◽  
Natural Mortality ◽  
Mortality Factors ◽  
Forest Reserve ◽  
Pristiphora Erichsonii ◽  
Larch Sawfly ◽  
The Relationship

The relationship between the fate of cocoons of the larch sawfly, Pristiphora erichsonii (Htg.), and distance from small-mammal tunnels was studied during 1958 in the Whiteshell Forest Reserve of eastern Manitoba. The objects were to determine the distance that small mammals can detect cocoons and to observe possible effects of the interactions of small-mammal predation and other natural mortality factors of the insect. Additional analyses of the data provided information on the behaviour of the predators and the ecology of the prey insect.

Trypanosomes of small mammals in southern Ontario

1980 ◽  
Vol 58 (4) ◽  
pp. 567-571 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. T. K. Woo ◽  
D. R. Grant ◽  
L. McLean
Keyword(s):  
Small Mammals ◽  
Mus Musculus ◽  
Peromyscus Maniculatus ◽  
Original Description ◽  
Microtus Pennsylvanicus ◽  
Blarina Brevicauda ◽  
Tamias Striatus ◽  
Southern Ontario

Using the haematocrit centrifuge technique, 53 of 619 small mammals from seven areas in southern Ontario were found to be infected with three species of trypanosomes. Trypanosoma microti was found in 10 of 374 (2.7%) Microtus pennsylvanicus examined from two of five locations. Thirty-five of 102 (34%) of Tamias striatus from one area were infected with Trypanosoma tamiasi and over 94% (33 of 35) of the infected animals were juveniles. This would indicate that the trypanosome is primarily a parasite of juveniles. A trypanosome which was tentatively identified as Trypanosoma soricis was found in 8 of 36 (22%) Blarina brevicauda; it was recorded from two of four areas where the shrews were caught. A detailed description of the trypanosome was given because the original description was inadequate. No trypanosome was found in 74 Peromyscus maniculatus, 31 Mus musculus, and 2 Zapus hudsonius examined.

Ticks on small mammals at two localities in southern Saskatchewan, Canada and the detection ofRickettsia peacockii(Rickettsiaceae) inDermacentor andersoni(Acari: Ixodidae) nymphs

2015 ◽  
Vol 148 (1) ◽  
pp. 43-51 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shaun J. Dergousoff ◽  
Neil B. Chilton
Keyword(s):  
Polymerase Chain Reaction ◽  
Small Mammals ◽  
Small Mammal ◽  
Tick Species ◽  
Dermacentor Variabilis ◽  
Microtus Pennsylvanicus ◽  
Chain Reaction ◽  
Ictidomys Tridecemlineatus ◽  
Polymerase Chain ◽  
Provincial Park

AbstractSeventeenMyodes gapperi(Vigors) (Rodentia: Cricetidae), 13Peromyscus maniculatus(Wagner) (Rodentia: Cricetidae), 12Microtus pennsylvanicus(Ord) (Rodentia: Cricetidae), fourZapus princepsAllen (Rodentia: Cricetidae), threeIctidomys tridecemlineatus(Mitchill) (Rodentia: Sciuridae), and eight shrews (Soricomorpha: Soricidae) collected at Blackstrap Lake (BL), and 48P. maniculatus, 15Z. princeps,15M. pennsylvanicus, and oneSorex monticolusMerriam (Soricomorpha: Soricidae) collected at Saskatchewan Landing Provincial Park (SLPP), in southern Saskatchewan, Canada were examined for ticks. Although no adult ticks were detected on small mammals at either locality,Dermacentor variabilis(Say) (Acari: Ixodidae) larvae (n=144) and nymphs (n=7) were found on four species of small mammal at BL. At SLPP, bothD. variabilislarvae (n=71) and nymphs (n=6), andDermacentor andersoniStiles (Acari: Ixodidae) nymphs (n=9) were collected from small mammals. Both tick species were present onP. maniculatusandM. pennsylvanicusat SLPP, indicating an overlap in their host range and, hence, the potential for transmission of microorganisms between tick species at sites where they coexist. However, the results of polymerase chain reaction assays used to detect bacteria of the genusRickettsiada Rocha-Lima (Rickettsiaceae) in ticks, revealed thatR. peacockiiNiebylskiet al. only occurred in nymphs ofD. andersoni, whereas noRickettsiawere present in the larvae and nymphs ofD. variabilis.

Understory use by terrestrial small mammals in an unflooded forest patch in the Pantanal floodplain

Mammalia ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nayara Yoshie Sano ◽  
Heitor Miraglia Herrera ◽  
Grasiela Edith de Oliveira Porfirio ◽  
Filipe Martins Santos
Keyword(s):  
Small Mammals ◽  
Small Mammal ◽  
Understory Vegetation ◽  
Monodelphis Domestica ◽  
Forest Patch ◽  
Habitat Features ◽  
Species Characteristics ◽  
Local Habitat

AbstractTo date, there have been no studies that have evaluated small mammal utilization of the understory of forests. In this study, we described the use of vertical strata by small mammals in patches of unflooded forests, known as “cordilheiras”, in the Nhecolândia sub-region of the Pantanal, Brazil. We collected all species using the ground and understory, including the terrestrial didelphid Monodelphis domestica. We suppose that local habitat features (e.g., Acuri palms), rather than intrinsic species characteristics, may be more conducive to the use of understory vegetation by small mammals in the Nhecolândia region.

The Association Between Cardio-Ankle Vascular Index and Primary Idiopathic Complete Atrioventricular Block in an Elderly Population

Angiology ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 000331972110287
Author(s):  
Turhan Turan ◽  
Faruk Kara ◽  
Selim Kul ◽  
Muhammet Rasit Sayın ◽  
Sinan Sahin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Arterial Stiffness ◽  
Atrioventricular Block ◽  
Elderly Population ◽  
Complete Atrioventricular Block ◽  
Age Related ◽  
And Gender ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Block Frequency ◽  
Complete Atrioventricular ◽  
Relevant Factors

The most common cause of complete atrioventricular block (CAVB) is age-related fibrotic degeneration and is referred to as primary idiopathic complete atrioventricular block (iCAVB). This study aims to investigate the relationship between iCAVB and arterial stiffness using the cardio-ankle vascular index (CAVI). In this study, of 205 CAVB patients, 41 patients with iCAVB implanted with a dual-chamber permanent pacemaker and 40 age- and gender-matched controls were studied. Arterial stiffness was assessed by a VaSera VS-1000 CAVI instrument. The CAVI values of patients with iCAVB were significantly higher compared with the controls (9.63 ± 1.42 vs 8.57 ± 1.12, P < .001). Idiopathic complete atrioventricular block frequency was higher among patients with abnormal CAVI values than those with borderline and normal CAVI ( P = .04). In multivariate analysis, only CAVI was an independent predictor of iCAVB after adjusting for other relevant factors (odds ratio, 2.575; 95% CI [1.390-4.770]; P = .003). The present study demonstrated that CAVI, as a marker of arterial stiffness, was increased among elderly patients with iCAVB. Thus, we provide a possible additional mechanism linking easily measured CAVI with iCAVB.

scholarly journals Diversity and Diet Differences of Small Mammals in Commensal Habitats

Diversity ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (8) ◽  
pp. 346
Author(s):  
Linas Balčiauskas ◽  
Laima Balčiauskienė ◽  
Andrius Garbaras ◽  
Vitalijus Stirkė
Keyword(s):  
Small Mammals ◽  
Small Mammal ◽  
Trophic Ecology ◽  
Mammal Species ◽  
Additional Food ◽  
Δ13c And Δ15n ◽  
Degree Of Separation ◽  
Kitchen Gardens ◽  
Dietary Plasticity ◽  
The Stability

The stability of diversity of syntopic (inhabiting the same habitat in the same time) small mammals in commensal habitats, such as farmsteads and kitchen gardens, and, as a proxy of their diet, their isotopic niches, was investigated in Lithuania in 2019–2020. We tested whether the separation of species corresponds to the trophic guilds, whether their diets are related to possibilities of getting additional food from humans, and whether their diets are subject to seasonal trends. We analyzed diversity, dominance and distribution of hair δ13C and δ15N values. Diversity and dominance was not stable and differed according to human influence. The highest small mammal species richness occurred in commensal habitats that provided additional food. The degree of separation of species was higher in homestead habitats than in kitchen gardens, where a 1.27 to 35.97% overlap of isotopic niches was observed between pairs of species. Temporal changes in δ13C and δ15N values in the hair of the mammals were not equally expressed in different species. The isotopic overlap may depend on dietary plasticity, minimizing interspecific competition and allowing co-existence of syntopic species. Thus, small mammal trophic ecology is likely related to intensity of agricultural activities in the limited space of commensal habitats.

Small mammal mycophagy in hemiboreal forest communities of Lithuania

2011 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 446-456 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marija Kataržytė ◽  
Ernestas Kutorga
Keyword(s):  
Small Mammals ◽  
Small Mammal ◽  
Fungal Spores ◽  
Seasonal Effects ◽  
Deciduous Tree ◽  
Myodes Glareolus ◽  
Mammal Species ◽  
Hypogeous Fungi ◽  
Fecal Samples ◽  
Significant Difference

AbstractThe diets of small mammals in different hemiboreal spruce-dominated, oak-dominated and mixed forests in western part of Lithuania were studied by examination of fungal spores in fresh fecal pellets of caught animals. In the diets of mice (Apodemus spp.), bank voles (Myodes glareolus), and common and pygmy shrews (Sorex araneus and S. minutus), 22 different fungal taxa were identified, 15 of which were hypogeous fungi. The sporocarp abundance and the spores in fecal samples of Elaphomyces fungi prevailed in study area during this investigation. Although most of the captured individuals consumed fungi, the consumption varied among small mammal species. The data show that the fungi were more frequent and taxonomically diverse in Myodes glareolus than in Apodemus spp. diets. The study provided evidence that the fungal component in the diets of insectivorous Sorex species is more diverse than previously known. The availability of sporocarps and the fungal component in the diets of small mammals showed seasonal effects. Annual hypogeous and epigeous sporocarp abundances did not vary significantly across forest types. The significant difference in mycophagy was observed across all forest cover types, with the greatest fungal diversity in fecal samples collected in mixed coniferous-deciduous tree stands.

On the relationship of NDVI with leaf area index in a deciduous forest site

2005 ◽  
Vol 94 (2) ◽  
pp. 244-255 ◽  
Author(s):  
Quan Wang ◽  
Samuel Adiku ◽  
John Tenhunen ◽  
André Granier
Keyword(s):  
Leaf Area Index ◽  
Leaf Area ◽  
Deciduous Forest ◽  
Forest Site ◽  
Area Index ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

Vegetation Effects on Soil Properties in the Monteagle Sandy Loam Series: Implications for Land‐use Change

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Allison Neil
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Organic Matter ◽  
Land Use Change ◽  
Soil Properties ◽  
Soil Carbon ◽  
Sugar Maple ◽  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Deciduous Forest ◽  
Coniferous Forest ◽  
The Impact

Soil properties are strongly influenced by the composition of the surrounding vegetation. We investigated soil properties of three ecosystems; a coniferous forest, a deciduous forest and an agricultural grassland, to determine the impact of land use change on soil properties. Disturbances such as deforestation followed by cultivation can severely alter soil properties, including losses of soil carbon. We collected nine 40 cm cores from three ecosystem types on the Roebuck Farm, north of Perth Village, Ontario, Canada. Dominant species in each ecosystem included hemlock and white pine in the coniferous forest; sugar maple, birch and beech in the deciduous forest; grasses, legumes and herbs in the grassland. Soil pH varied little between the three ecosystems and over depth. Soils under grassland vegetation had the highest bulk density, especially near the surface. The forest sites showed higher cation exchange capacity and soil moisture than the grassland; these differences largely resulted from higher organic matter levels in the surface forest soils. Vertical distribution of organic matter varied greatly amongst the three ecosystems. In the forest, more of the organic matter was located near the surface, while in the grassland organic matter concentrations varied little with depth. The results suggest that changes in land cover and land use alters litter inputs and nutrient cycling rates, modifying soil physical and chemical properties. Our results further suggest that conversion of forest into agricultural land in this area can lead to a decline in soil carbon storage.

An attempt to determine the size of the Common Barn-owl’s (Tyto alba) hunting area based on its prey composition

2021 ◽  
pp. 175815592110660
Author(s):  
Jenő J Purger ◽  
Dávid Szép
Keyword(s):  
Functional Groups ◽  
Small Mammals ◽  
Small Mammal ◽  
Barn Owl ◽  
Tyto Alba ◽  
Mammal Species ◽  
Open Forest ◽  
Prey Composition ◽  
Small Mammal Species ◽  
Owl Pellets

The relative abundance of small mammal species detected from Common Barn-owl pellets reflects the landscape structure and habitat pattern of the owl’s hunting area, but it is also affected by the size of the collected pellet sample and the size of the supposed hunting area. The questions arise: how many pellets should be collected and analyzed as well as how large hunting area should be taken into consideration in order to reach the best correspondence between the owl’s prey composition and the distribution of habitats preferred by small mammals preyed in supposed hunting areas? For this study, we collected 1045 Common Barn-owl pellets in a village in southern Hungary. All detected small mammal species were classified into functional groups (guilds) preferring urban, open, forest and wetland habitats. The proportion of functional groups was compared to the proportion of these habitats around the pellet collection site within circles of one, two, and three km radius. Saturation curves showed that at least 300 pellets or ca. 600 mammalian remains are required for the detection of the 19 small mammal species. The share of small mammals detected in the prey and their functional groups according to their habitat preference showed an increasing consistency with the distribution of real habitats in the potential hunting area of a radius of 3 km around the owl’s breeding or resting place.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document