Prey consumption in acarine predator-prey populations reared in the greenhouse

1971 ◽  
Vol 49 (6) ◽  
pp. 903-913 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. Burnett
Keyword(s):  
Tetranychus Urticae ◽  
Natural Enemy ◽  
Prey Density ◽  
Prey Consumption ◽  
Predator Prey ◽  
Amblyseius Fallacis ◽  
Two Factors ◽  
Prey Populations

Two factors, in addition to temperature, could affect the assessment of Amblyseius fallacis as a natural enemy of Tetranychus urticae infesting alfalfa. These are initial prey density and sampling of the predator–prey populations during daylight hours. The influence of these factors was determined by propagating predator–prey populations having different initial prey densities on alfalfa in the greenhouse, recording the subsequent variation in the numbers of the two species during daylight hours, and comparing estimates of the rates at which prey entered and were removed from the populations. A. fallacis was able to reduce prey density before webbing of the alfalfa plants occurred. Prey consumption by the predator populations was judged capable of inducing the observed decline in prey numbers.

Effect of temperature on a greenhouse acarine predator–prey population

1970 ◽  
Vol 48 (3) ◽  
pp. 555-562 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. Burnett
Keyword(s):  
Tetranychus Urticae ◽  
Age Structure ◽  
The Other ◽  
Prey Abundance ◽  
Prey Population ◽  
Effect Of Temperature ◽  
Initial Increase ◽  
Predator Population ◽  
Predator Prey ◽  
Amblyseius Fallacis

Populations of the two-spotted mite, Tetranychus urticae, and its acarine predator, Amblyseius fallacis, were propagated on alfalfa in the greenhouse at constant temperatures in the range 65 to 85 °F (18.3–29.4 °C). The predator limited the initial increase in prey abundance only at temperatures above about 70 °F (21.1 °C). At 80 and 85 °F (26.7 and 29.4 °C) fluctuations in prey and predator numbers increased in amplitude as propagation continued. The age structure of the predator population reared at 75 °F (23.9 °C) differed from that of populations propagated at the other temperatures.

Predation by Euseius scutalis (Acari: Phytoseiidae) on Tetranychus urticae and Eutetranychus orientalis (Acari: Tetranychidae): effect of prey density and developmental stage

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Theodoros I. Stathakis ◽  
Eleftheria V. Kapaxidi ◽  
Georgios Th. Papadoulis ◽  
Nikos E. Papanikolaou
Keyword(s):  
Developmental Stage ◽  
Tetranychus Urticae ◽  
Prey Density ◽  
Spider Mite ◽  
Handling Time ◽  
Agricultural Pests ◽  
Release Rates ◽  
Density Dependent Mortality ◽  
Euseius Scutalis ◽  
Two Spotted Spider Mite

Predation ability is a key component determining the suppression of agricultural pests by natural enemies. The aim of this study is to evaluate the effect of prey density and developmental stage on the predation of Euseius scutalis (Acari: Phytoseiidae) on the two-spotted spider mite, Tetranychus urticae (Acari: Tetranychidae) and the oriental red mite, Eutetranychus orientalis (Acari: Tetranychidae). For this purpose, laboratory functional response experiments were conducted using female adults of E. scutalis. Results indicated that the predator causes an inverse density dependent mortality to larvae, nymphs and adults of the two-spotted spider mite, as well as the oriental red mite. The random predator equation was used to fit the data. E. scutalis handling time increased significantly with T. urticae and E. orientalis developmental stage. The maximum number of T. urticae prey consumed was 48.3 larvae, 28.5 nymphs and 11.0 adults, where the corresponding values for E. orientalis were 48.8, 32.2 and 18.2 larvae, nymphs and adults, respectively. Estimated handling times and attack rates of E. scutalis on larvae, nymphs and adults of T. urticae were 0.4970 h and 0.1058 h-1, 0.8435 h and 0.1395 h-1, and 2.1834 h and 0.0835 h-1, respectively. The corresponding values on larvae, nymphs and adults of E. orientalis were 0.4920 h and 0.1166 h-1, 0.7452 h and 0.1361 h-1, and 1.3186 h and 0.0597 h-1, respectively. The results of this study may be indicative of the predation ability of adults of E. scutalis on these notorious pests, providing a basis for determining release rates appropriate for various pest densities.

The effect of chrysanthemum leaf trichome density and prey spatial distribution on predation of Tetranychus urticae (Acari: Tetranychidae) by Phytoseiulus persimilis (Acari: Phytoseiidae)

2003 ◽  
Vol 93 (4) ◽  
pp. 343-350 ◽  
Author(s):  
M.C. Stavrinides ◽  
D.J. Skirvin
Keyword(s):  
Tetranychus Urticae ◽  
Phytoseiulus Persimilis ◽  
Spatial Arrangement ◽  
Predation Rate ◽  
Trichome Density ◽  
Release Point ◽  
Predator Prey ◽  
Leaf Hairiness ◽  
Leaf Trichome ◽  
Prey Patches

AbstractThe effect of plant architecture, in terms of leaf hairiness, and prey spatial arrangement, on predation rate of eggs of the spider mite, Tetranychus urticae Koch, by the predatory mite Phytoseiulus persimilis Athias-Henriot was examined on cut stems of chrysanthemums. Three levels of leaf hairiness (trichome density) were obtained using two different chrysanthemum cultivars and two ages within one of the cultivars. The number of prey consumed by P. persimilis was inversely related to trichome density. At low prey densities (less than ten eggs per stem), prey consumption did not differ in a biologically meaningful way between treatments. The effect of prey spatial arrangement on the predation rate of P. persimilis was also examined. Predation rates were higher in prey patches on leaves adjacent to the release point of P. persimilis, but significantly greater numbers of prey were consumed in higher density prey patches compared to low density patches. The predators exhibited non-random searching behaviour, spending more time on leaves closest to the release point. The implications of these findings for biological control and predator–prey dynamics are discussed.

scholarly journals What drives interaction strengths in complex food webs? A test with feeding rates of a generalist stream predator

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel L. Preston ◽  
Jeremy S. Henderson ◽  
Landon P. Falke ◽  
Leah M. Segui ◽  
Tamara J. Layden ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Food Webs ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Prey Density ◽  
Scaling Laws ◽  
Community Dynamics ◽  
Abiotic Factors ◽  
Interaction Strength ◽  
Feeding Rates ◽  
Predator Prey ◽  
Mass Ratios

AbstractDescribing the mechanisms that drive variation in species interaction strengths is central to understanding, predicting, and managing community dynamics. Multiple factors have been linked to trophic interaction strength variation, including species densities, species traits, and abiotic factors. Yet most empirical tests of the relative roles of multiple mechanisms that drive variation have been limited to simplified experiments that may diverge from the dynamics of natural food webs. Here, we used a field-based observational approach to quantify the roles of prey density, predator density, predator-prey body-mass ratios, prey identity, and abiotic factors in driving variation in feeding rates of reticulate sculpin (Cottus perplexus). We combined data on over 6,000 predator-prey observations with prey identification time functions to estimate 289 prey-specific feeding rates at nine stream sites in Oregon. Feeding rates on 57 prey types showed an approximately log-normal distribution, with few strong and many weak interactions. Model selection indicated that prey density, followed by prey identity, were the two most important predictors of prey-specific sculpin feeding rates. Feeding rates showed a positive, accelerating relationship with prey density that was inconsistent with predator saturation predicted by current functional response models. Feeding rates also exhibited four orders-of-magnitude in variation across prey taxonomic orders, with the lowest feeding rates observed on prey with significant anti-predator defenses. Body-mass ratios were the third most important predictor variable, showing a hump-shaped relationship with the highest feeding rates at intermediate ratios. Sculpin density was negatively correlated with feeding rates, consistent with the presence of intraspecific predator interference. Our results highlight how multiple co-occurring drivers shape trophic interactions in nature and underscore ways in which simplified experiments or reliance on scaling laws alone may lead to biased inferences about the structure and dynamics of species-rich food webs.

A Technique for Maintaining Acarine Predator-Prey Populations

1960 ◽  
Vol 92 (3) ◽  
pp. 234-237 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. Burnett
Keyword(s):  
Growth Forms ◽  
Predator Prey ◽  
Acarus Siro ◽  
Large Numbers ◽  
Cheyletus Eruditus ◽  
Prey Populations

Experiments with the growth-forms of acarine predator and prey populations require a constant supply of both species. This note describes a technique used for maintaining large numbers of Tyrophagus castellanii (Hirst) and its predator Melichares dentriticus (Berl.) and of Acarus siro L. and its predator Cheyletus eruditus (Schrank)

scholarly journals Disentangling the effects of predator body size and prey density on prey consumption in a lizard

2010 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
pp. 158-165 ◽  
Author(s):  
Manuela González‐Suárez ◽  
Marianne Mugabo ◽  
Beatriz Decencière ◽  
Samuel Perret ◽  
David Claessen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Size ◽  
Prey Density ◽  
Prey Consumption

Testing interaction in some predator–prey populations

2007 ◽  
Vol 50 (3) ◽  
pp. 527-551 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sévérien Nkurunziza
Keyword(s):  
Predator Prey ◽  
Prey Populations

Some Characteristics of Simple Types of Predation and Parasitism

1959 ◽  
Vol 91 (7) ◽  
pp. 385-398 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. S. Holling
Keyword(s):  
Functional Response ◽  
Small Mammals ◽  
Prey Density ◽  
Population Regulation ◽  
Predator Prey

In an earlier study (Holling, 1959) the basic and subsidiary components of predation were demonstrated in a predator-prey situation involving the predation of sawfly cocoons by small mammals. One of the basic components, termed the functional response, was a response of the consumption of prey by individual predators to changes of prey density, and it appeared to be at least theoretically important in population regulation: Because of this importance the functional response has been further examined in an attempt to explain its characteristics.

Prey Consumption and Oviposition of the Aphidophagous PredatorMenochilus sexmaculatus(Coleoptera: Coccinellidae) in Relation to Prey Density and Adult Size

2001 ◽  
Vol 30 (6) ◽  
pp. 1182-1187 ◽  
Author(s):  
Basant K. Agarwala ◽  
Pranbjit Bardhanroy ◽  
Hironori Yasuda ◽  
Tadashi Takizawa
Keyword(s):  
Prey Density ◽  
Prey Consumption ◽  
Adult Size
Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document