Low zinc intake increases apparent oxidation of linoleic and α-linolenic acids in the pregnant rat

1993 ◽  
Vol 71 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 205-210 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. C. Cunnane ◽  
J. Yang ◽  
Z.-Y. Chen
Keyword(s):  
Weight Gain ◽  
Linoleic Acid ◽  
Food Intake ◽  
Whole Body ◽  
Acid Oxidation ◽  
Pregnant Rats ◽  
Zinc Intake ◽  
Pregnant Rat ◽  
Linoleic Acid Oxidation ◽  
Long Chain

Dietary zinc deficiency impairs desaturation and elongation of linoleic acid, but nothing is so far known about its effects on net whole-body utilization of linoleic or α-linolenic acids. By measuring intake, whole-body accumulation, and excretion of linoleic and α-linolenic acids, together with accumulation of their long-chain products, we hypothesized that a quantitative estimate could be obtained of their whole-body disappearance (apparent oxidation). This was evaluated in pregnant and nonpregnant rats given a low-zinc diet (3.4 vs. 34 mg zinc/kg diet in zinc-adequate controls). In the nonpregnant controls, low zinc intake did not significantly affect food intake or weight gain but did reduce whole-body accumulation of desaturated and (or) elongated products of linoleic and α-linolenic acids. In pregnant rats, low zinc intake reduced food intake and weight gain and doubled whole-body disappearance of linoleic and α-linolenic acids relative to that in the zinc-adequate controls. In contrast to the maternal fatty acid changes, low zonc intake had no significant effect on linoleic acid accumulation in the fetuses. We conclude that low zinc intake during pregnancy prevents the normal accumulation of long-chain fatty acids and differentially depletes maternal whole-body stores of linoleic and α-linolenic acids.Key words: fetus, linoleic acid, oxidation, pregnancy, zinc.

Zinc deficiency impairs whole body accumulation of polyunsaturates and increases the utilization of [1-14C]linoleate for de novo lipid synthesis in pregnant rats

1995 ◽  
Vol 73 (9) ◽  
pp. 1246-1252 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. C. Cunnane ◽  
J. Yang
Keyword(s):  
Food Intake ◽  
Zinc Deficiency ◽  
De Novo ◽  
Control Diet ◽  
Lipid Synthesis ◽  
Whole Body ◽  
Deficient Diet ◽  
Pregnant Rats ◽  
Whole Body Metabolism ◽  
Zinc Deficient Diet

Zinc deficiency impairs the metabolism of polyunsaturates, but the degree to which its effects are independent of food intake are still in question. Identical amounts of a semiliquid control diet (26.4 mg zinc/kg) or moderately zinc deficient diet (3.2 mg zinc/kg) were tube fed to rats for 11 days during the second half of pregnancy to evaluate the specific effects of zinc deficiency on maternal utilization and fetal accumulation of polyunsaturates. The whole body fatty acid balance method was used to determine net accumulation of polyunsaturates and their whole-body disappearance. Incorporation of 14C from [1-14C]linoleate into maternal and fetal lipid classes was also studied on days 20–21. At term, zinc-deficient rats had significantly higher whole-body disappearance of linoleate and α-linolenate and lower accumulation of n−6 and n−3 long-chain polyunsaturates. Zinc-deficient rats had higher 14C activity in free cholesterol, saturates, and monounsaturates in several maternal organs but not in the fetuses. We conclude that during pregnancy, moderate zinc deficiency not affecting food intake or weight gain still alters whole-body metabolism of linoleate and α-linolenate towards increased β-oxidation and also increases the utilization of carbon from linoleate for de novo lipid synthesis.Key words: cholesterol, linoleate, α-linolenate, oxidation, polyunsaturates, pregnancy, zinc.

scholarly journals Anthocyanin-rich purple potato flake extract has antioxidant capacity and improves antioxidant potential in rats

2006 ◽  
Vol 96 (6) ◽  
pp. 1125-1134 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kyu-Ho Han ◽  
Mitsuo Sekikawa ◽  
Ken-ichiro Shimada ◽  
Makoto Hashimoto ◽  
Naoto Hashimoto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Linoleic Acid ◽  
Radical Scavenging Activity ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Acid Oxidation ◽  
Mrna Levels ◽  
Scavenging Activity ◽  
Potato Flake ◽  
Linoleic Acid Oxidation ◽  
Potato Flakes

Anthocyanins from various vegetables and fruits have antioxidant activities, however, the bioactivities of coloured potato anthocyanins are not well studied. We examined the antioxidant capacities of pigmented fractions from purple potato flakes in vitro, and the antioxidant potentials of purple potato flakes in vivo. 1,1-Diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl radical scavenging activity of the pigmented fraction from Hokkai no. 92 (H92) potato flakes was higher than that from Kitamurasaki (KM) potato flakes. Extracts equivalent to 600 μg pigmented fractions from KM and H92 potato flakes inhibited linoleic acid oxidation in the order trolox>H92 ≥ KM>control. Rats were fed 25 % KM or H92 potato flake diets for 4 weeks. The major anthocyanin was identified as petanin. Control rats were fed a diet with cornstarch instead of potato flakes for 4 weeks. The serum antioxidant potential level in the H92 group was significantly higher than that in the control group. The degree of hepatic lipid peroxidation in the H92 group was significantly lower than that in the control group. Hepatic Cu/Zn-superoxide dismutase (SOD), Mn-SOD and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) mRNA levels in the H92 group were significantly higher than those in the control group. Similar significant differences in Cu/Zn-SOD and Mn-SOD mRNA levels between the KM and control groups were found. The present results suggest that purple potato flakes have antioxidant functions with regard to radical scavenging activity and inhibition of linoleic acid oxidation, and that they improve the antioxidant potentials in rats by enhancing hepatic Mn-SOD, Cu/Zn-SOD and GSH-Px mRNA expression.

scholarly journals Zinc metabolism in pregnant and lactating rats and the effect of varying iron: Zn in the diet

1984 ◽  
Vol 52 (2) ◽  
pp. 205-213 ◽  
Author(s):  
Susan J. Fairweather-Tait ◽  
A. J. A. Wright ◽  
Christine M. Williams
Keyword(s):  
Weight Gain ◽  
Packed Cell Volume ◽  
Whole Body ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Zinc Metabolism ◽  
Pregnant Rats ◽  
The Third ◽  
Zn Content ◽  
Mean Time ◽  
Gamma Counter

1. Pregnant rats were given control (46 mg iron/kg, 61 mg zinc/kg), low-Zn (6.9 mg Zn/kg) or low-Zn plus Fe (168 mg Fe/kg) diets from day 1 of pregnancy. The animals were allowed to give birth and parturition times recorded. Exactly 24 h after the end of parturition the pups were killed and analysed for water, fat, protein, Fe and Zn contents and the mothers' haemoglobin (Hb) and packed cell volume (PCV) were measured.2. There were no differences in weight gain or food intakes throughout pregnancy. Parturition times were similar (mean time 123 (SE 15) min) and there were no differences in the number of pups born. Protein, water and fat contents of the pups were similar but the low-Zn Fe-supplemented group had higher pup Fe than the low-Zn unsupplemented group, and the control group had higher pup Zn than both the low-Zn groups. The low-Zn groups had a greater incidence of haemorrhaged or deformed pups, or both, than the controls.3. Pregnant rats were given diets of adequate Zn level (40 mg/kg) but with varying Fe:Zn (0.8, 1.7, 2.9, 3.7). Zn retention from the diet was measured using 65Zn as an extrinsic label on days 3, 10 and 17 of pregnancy with a whole-body gamma-counter. A group of non-pregnant rats was also included as controls. The 65Zn content of mothers and pups was measured 24–48 h after birth and at 14, 21 and 24 d of age.4. In all groups Zn retention was highest from the first meal, fell in the second meal and then rose in the third meal of the pregnant but not the non-pregnant rats. There were no differences between the groups given diets of varying Fe:Zn level. Approximately 25% of the 65Zn was transferred from the mothers to the pups by the time they were 48 h old, and a further 17% during the first 14 d of lactation. The pup 65Zn content did not significantly increase after the first 20 d of lactation but the maternal 65Zn level continued to fall gradually.

scholarly journals [13C]Linoleic acid oxidation and transfer into milk in stunted lactating women with contrasting body mass indexes

2001 ◽  
Vol 74 (6) ◽  
pp. 827-832 ◽  
Author(s):  
Salvador Villalpando ◽  
Martha Del Prado ◽  
Alejandra Lance ◽  
Eunice Alfonso ◽  
Maricela Rodríguez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Linoleic Acid ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Acid Oxidation ◽  
Lactating Women ◽  
Linoleic Acid Oxidation ◽  
Body Mass Indexes
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