A note on the combined effects of exercise and food restriction on plasma enzyme activities in the rat

1969 ◽  
Vol 47 (4) ◽  
pp. 396-398 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. R. Beaton ◽  
B. Oyster
Keyword(s):  
Food Restriction ◽  
Acute Exercise ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Elevated Plasma ◽  
Malic Dehydrogenase ◽  
Individual Effects ◽  
Ad Libitum ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Exercise And Training ◽  
And Training

Plasma activities of malic dehydrogenase (MDH) and glutamic–pyruvic transaminase (GPT) were measured in adult male rats made to swim for 1 h either as a single, acute exercise or in repeated exercises (training) in the presence of a 50% food restriction. Food restriction per se elevated MDH and lowered GPT activities. Food-restricted rats responded to both acute exercise and training by an elevated plasma MDH activity. The effect of exercise on plasma MDH activity in these animals was greater than in rats fed ad libitum and was greater than could be accounted for by the summation of the individual effects of training and of food restriction. Plasma GPT activity was not altered by exercise in rats fed ad libitum or in food-restricted animals. It would appear, as suggested previously, that plasma MDH activity may be a useful biochemical criterion of training.

FOOD CONSUMPTION AND RECTAL TEMPERATURE IN RATS DURING THIAMINE DEFICIENCY AND REPLETION

1963 ◽  
Vol 41 (12) ◽  
pp. 2463-2471 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. J. Veen ◽  
G. Russell ◽  
G. H. Beaton
Keyword(s):  
Food Consumption ◽  
Rectal Temperature ◽  
Food Restriction ◽  
Control Diet ◽  
Significant Rise ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Thiamine Hydrochloride ◽  
Deficient Diet ◽  
Ad Libitum ◽  
Deficient Group

Rectal temperature in male rats fell slowly and gradually from ad libitum and pair-led control levels throughout a thiamine depletion period. During this period, food consumption dropped suddenly and sharply to a minimal level. A single oral dose of 50 μg of thiamine hydrochloride produced, within 4 hours, a significant rise (to less than control levels) in rectal temperature and an increase in food consumption within 24 hours. The increase in temperature was independent of the ingestion of food since diet was withheld during the 4 hours following thiamine administration. Subsequent feeding of control diet (containing thiamine) had not further increased the "4-hour" temperature after 24 hours. With continued feeding of control diet, rectal temperature rose to control levels after 3 days. On subsequent withdrawal of dietary thiamine from the deficient group, temperature and food consumption fell as before. When the animals were again repleted with 50 μg thiamine and deficient diet was continued, temperatures rose to the same level reached after the first thiamine administration. A third deprivation and repletion produced identical results.Food restriction alone, in pair-fed control groups, induced an initial elevation of rectal temperature above ad libitum control levels as temperatures in the deficient group were falling, and an eventual decrease below ad libitum control levels only after prolonged food restriction. It is suggested that the initial fall in body temperature in thiamine-deficient rats is not simply a terminal result of food restriction per se, but may reflect alterations in metabolism due to the deficiency.

Acute Exercise and Training Alter Blood Lipid and Lipoprotein Profiles Differently in Overweight and Obese Men and Women

Obesity ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 20 (8) ◽  
pp. 1618-1627 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicholas P. Greene ◽  
Steven E. Martin ◽  
Stephen F. Crouse
Keyword(s):  
Acute Exercise ◽  
Blood Lipid ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Exercise And Training ◽  
And Training ◽  
Lipoprotein Profiles

scholarly journals Effect of Resistance Exercise and Training and Principles of Prescribing it for Cardiovascular Patients

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elahe Malekyian Fini ◽  
Sajad Ahmadizad
Keyword(s):  
Resistance Training ◽  
Resistance Exercise ◽  
Muscle Mass ◽  
Structural Changes ◽  
Acute Exercise ◽  
Metabolic Effects ◽  
Heart Research ◽  
Cardiovascular Patients ◽  
Exercise And Training ◽  
And Training

Introduction: The importance and necessity of preventing the occurrence of these diseases in order to maintain and promote health, has attracted the attention of many researchers to methods of preventing the occurrence of cardiovascular injury. Metabolic effects of muscle mass loss due to the natural aging process are caused by decreased muscle activity and lead to high prevalence of obesity, insulin resistance, type 2 diabetes, hyperlipidemia and cardiovascular disease. These risk factors cause disorders in the cardiovascular structure such as myocardial infarction, arterial stiffness and endothelial dysfunction, etc. Research also has shown that muscle strength is inversely related to all causes of death and the prevalence of metabolic syndrome. Therefore, the aim of this study was to provide safe resistance training methods for cardiovascular patients. Conclusion Resistance exercise is effective in preventing or reversing the functional, morphological and structural changes of the heart. Research shows that resistance training prevents the reduction of skeletal muscle mass and its function. This can also compensate for the functional decline caused by aging and disease. Because the methods of resistance training are various and are associated with many methodological problems, the study of the effect of exercise and resistance training in cardiovascular patients has always been controversial. This article reviews the findings of previous research examining the effects of the interaction between acute exercise and training in cardiovascular patients, and concludes the principles of prescribing resistance training in these patients. Overall, this study suggests that resistance training is beneficial even for the patients with CHF.

Rat muscle structure and metabolism in relation to age and food intake

1982 ◽  
Vol 242 (1) ◽  
pp. R89-R93 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. J. McCarter ◽  
E. J. Masoro ◽  
B. P. Yu
Keyword(s):  
Oxygen Consumption ◽  
Muscle Mass ◽  
Food Restriction ◽  
Fiber Diameter ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Progressive Loss ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Group A ◽  
Ad Libitum ◽  
Ad Libitum Intake

Age changes in oxygen consumption and the structural composition of the lateral omohyoideus muscle were studied in adult male rats. The rate were either fed ad libitum (group A) or 60% of the ad libitum intake (group R). An age-related loss in muscle mass did not occur even at advanced ages in group A or group R rats. Muscle fiber diameter decreased with age in both groups but a concomitant increase in the number of fibers prevented a change in muscle mass. The muscles of group R rats contained the same number of fibers as those of group A rats at all ages. The muscles of group A rats showed a progressive loss in rate of resting oxygen consumption until 18 mo of age. A similar but less marked loss in oxygen consumption occurred in the muscles of group R rats. These results provide further evidence that life-prolonging food restriction modulates physiological changes associated with the aging process.

Food restriction as a modulator of age-related changes in serum lipids

1980 ◽  
Vol 238 (3) ◽  
pp. E253-E257 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. U. Liepa ◽  
E. J. Masoro ◽  
H. A. Bertrand ◽  
B. P. Yu
Keyword(s):  
Serum Cholesterol ◽  
Food Restriction ◽  
Serum Triglyceride ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Serum Free Fatty Acid ◽  
Young Rats ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Ad Libitum ◽  
Age Related Changes

Fischer 344 male rats were either fed ad libitum or 60% of the ad libitum intake. The restriction of food intake markedly increased the median length of life. Postabsorptive serum cholesterol and phospholipid concentrations increase in the ad libitum-fed rats with increasing age. Life-prolonging food restriction does not influence the serum levels of these lipids in young rats but delays the age-related increase in concentrations. Postabsorptive serum free fatty acid (FFA) concentrations decrease with advancing age in ad libitum-fed rats. Life-prolonging food restriction, while not affecting the serum FFA levels in young rats, delays and possibly partially prevents the age-related decrease in concentration. Food restriction lowers postabsorptive serum triglyceride levels at all ages studied. The data on serum cholesterol, phospholipids, and FFA provide further evidence that food restriction delays age-related changes in the physiological systems of rats. This delay of physiological decline may well retard the occurrence of age-related disease processes, thus prolonging life.

Endocrine and metabolic effects of life-long food restriction in rats

1991 ◽  
Vol 125 (1) ◽  
pp. 93-100 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karl-Arne Stokkan ◽  
Russel J. Reiter ◽  
Mary K. Vaughan ◽  
Keico O. Nonaka ◽  
Alexander Lerchl
Keyword(s):  
Food Restriction ◽  
Elevated Serum ◽  
Young Male ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Metabolic Effects ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Young Rats ◽  
Brown Adipose ◽  
Old Rats ◽  
Ad Libitum

Abstract. The effects of chronic (40%) food restriction from 6 weeks of age were studied in 28-month-old male Fischer-344 rats; the results were compared with ad libitum-fed, old and young male rats at 28 and 3 months of age, respectively. Pituitary luteinizing hormone was similar in all old rats and was significantly lower than in young rats. In old ad libitum-fed, but not in food-restricted rats, serum levels of LH, testosterone and T4 were significantly lower than in young rats. Serum levels of T3 did not differ between young and old rats. Type-II 5'-deiodinase activity in brown adipose tissue was similar in both groups of old animals and was significantly depressed as compared with that in young rats. Serum levels of triglycerides were significantly depressed in food-restricted rats, but were significantly increased in ad libitum-fed rats as compared with young rats. Both groups of old rats had significantly elevated serum levels of cholesterol over that in young rats, but the level was significantly lower in food-restricted as compared to ad libitum-fed animals. The results are consistent with the notion that life-long food restriction tends to preserve the activity of many metabolic functions.

Effects of acute exercise and training on insulin action and sensitivity: focus on molecular mechanisms in muscle

2006 ◽  
Vol 42 ◽  
pp. 31-46 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jørgen F.P. Wojtaszewski ◽  
Erik A. Richter
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Sensitivity ◽  
Insulin Action ◽  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
Acute Exercise ◽  
Chronic Effects ◽  
Single Bout ◽  
Acute And Chronic Effects ◽  
Exercise And Training ◽  
And Training ◽  
Over Time

A single bout of exercise increases insulin sensitivity for several hours and the effect is mainly restricted to the muscles recruited during exercise. When exercise is repeated over time, adaptations to physical training occur that include more long-lasting increases in insulin sensitivity. The present review explores the molecular mechanisms involved in both the acute and chronic effects of exercise on insulin sensitivity in skeletal muscle.

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