Acute Exercise and Training Alter Blood Lipid and Lipoprotein Profiles Differently in Overweight and Obese Men and Women

Obesity ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 20 (8) ◽  
pp. 1618-1627 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicholas P. Greene ◽  
Steven E. Martin ◽  
Stephen F. Crouse
Keyword(s):  
Acute Exercise ◽  
Blood Lipid ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Exercise And Training ◽  
And Training ◽  
Lipoprotein Profiles

A note on the combined effects of exercise and food restriction on plasma enzyme activities in the rat

1969 ◽  
Vol 47 (4) ◽  
pp. 396-398 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. R. Beaton ◽  
B. Oyster
Keyword(s):  
Food Restriction ◽  
Acute Exercise ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Elevated Plasma ◽  
Malic Dehydrogenase ◽  
Individual Effects ◽  
Ad Libitum ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Exercise And Training ◽  
And Training

Plasma activities of malic dehydrogenase (MDH) and glutamic–pyruvic transaminase (GPT) were measured in adult male rats made to swim for 1 h either as a single, acute exercise or in repeated exercises (training) in the presence of a 50% food restriction. Food restriction per se elevated MDH and lowered GPT activities. Food-restricted rats responded to both acute exercise and training by an elevated plasma MDH activity. The effect of exercise on plasma MDH activity in these animals was greater than in rats fed ad libitum and was greater than could be accounted for by the summation of the individual effects of training and of food restriction. Plasma GPT activity was not altered by exercise in rats fed ad libitum or in food-restricted animals. It would appear, as suggested previously, that plasma MDH activity may be a useful biochemical criterion of training.

scholarly journals Effect of Resistance Exercise and Training and Principles of Prescribing it for Cardiovascular Patients

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elahe Malekyian Fini ◽  
Sajad Ahmadizad
Keyword(s):  
Resistance Training ◽  
Resistance Exercise ◽  
Muscle Mass ◽  
Structural Changes ◽  
Acute Exercise ◽  
Metabolic Effects ◽  
Heart Research ◽  
Cardiovascular Patients ◽  
Exercise And Training ◽  
And Training

Introduction: The importance and necessity of preventing the occurrence of these diseases in order to maintain and promote health, has attracted the attention of many researchers to methods of preventing the occurrence of cardiovascular injury. Metabolic effects of muscle mass loss due to the natural aging process are caused by decreased muscle activity and lead to high prevalence of obesity, insulin resistance, type 2 diabetes, hyperlipidemia and cardiovascular disease. These risk factors cause disorders in the cardiovascular structure such as myocardial infarction, arterial stiffness and endothelial dysfunction, etc. Research also has shown that muscle strength is inversely related to all causes of death and the prevalence of metabolic syndrome. Therefore, the aim of this study was to provide safe resistance training methods for cardiovascular patients. Conclusion Resistance exercise is effective in preventing or reversing the functional, morphological and structural changes of the heart. Research shows that resistance training prevents the reduction of skeletal muscle mass and its function. This can also compensate for the functional decline caused by aging and disease. Because the methods of resistance training are various and are associated with many methodological problems, the study of the effect of exercise and resistance training in cardiovascular patients has always been controversial. This article reviews the findings of previous research examining the effects of the interaction between acute exercise and training in cardiovascular patients, and concludes the principles of prescribing resistance training in these patients. Overall, this study suggests that resistance training is beneficial even for the patients with CHF.

Effects of acute exercise and training on insulin action and sensitivity: focus on molecular mechanisms in muscle

2006 ◽  
Vol 42 ◽  
pp. 31-46 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jørgen F.P. Wojtaszewski ◽  
Erik A. Richter
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Sensitivity ◽  
Insulin Action ◽  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
Acute Exercise ◽  
Chronic Effects ◽  
Single Bout ◽  
Acute And Chronic Effects ◽  
Exercise And Training ◽  
And Training ◽  
Over Time

A single bout of exercise increases insulin sensitivity for several hours and the effect is mainly restricted to the muscles recruited during exercise. When exercise is repeated over time, adaptations to physical training occur that include more long-lasting increases in insulin sensitivity. The present review explores the molecular mechanisms involved in both the acute and chronic effects of exercise on insulin sensitivity in skeletal muscle.

Immune Responses to Exercise and Training: A Comparison of Children and Young Adults

1998 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 210-226 ◽  
Author(s):  
Susan Shore ◽  
Roy J. Shephard
Keyword(s):  
Young Adults ◽  
Immune Responses ◽  
Acute Exercise ◽  
Aerobic Training ◽  
Ventilatory Threshold ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Children And Young Adults ◽  
Exercise Induced ◽  
Exercise And Training ◽  
And Training

Immune responses have been examined in 11 children aged 10.3 ± 0.6 years before and after 12 weeks of aerobic training. Initial resting data showed high total lymphocyte, CD3+ and CD8+ counts, a low CD4+/CD8+ ratio and a low CD25+ count relative to young adults. Acute exercise (30 min at ventilatory threshold) initially increased CD4+, CD8+, and CD56+ counts, and decreased CD4+/CD8+ ratio, but CD56+ count did not decrease during recovery. After training, relative aerobic power remained unchanged at 50 ±3 ml · kg−1 · min−1. However, resting leukocyte, CD3’ and CD25’ counts were decreased, and acute exercise induced smaller changes in leukocyte and subset counts. We conclude that immune responses to exercise are generally similar in children and young adults.

scholarly journals Pro- and anti-angiogenic factors in human skeletal muscle in response to acute exercise and training

2012 ◽  
Vol 590 (3) ◽  
pp. 595-606 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. Hoier ◽  
N. Nordsborg ◽  
S. Andersen ◽  
L. Jensen ◽  
L. Nybo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Human Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Acute Exercise ◽  
Angiogenic Factors ◽  
Exercise And Training ◽  
And Training
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