Erratum: Factors in the reduced food intake of rats fed a low-protein diet

1968 ◽  
Vol 46 (4) ◽  
pp. 702-702
Author(s):  
J. R. Beaton ◽  
V. Feleki ◽  
J. A. F. Stevenson
Keyword(s):  
Food Intake ◽  
Protein Diet ◽  
Low Protein Diet ◽  
Low Protein

scholarly journals Phosphorus Supplementation Mitigated Food Intake and Growth of Rats Fed a Low-Protein Diet

2017 ◽  
Vol 1 (8) ◽  
pp. e000943 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rola U Hammoud ◽  
Mark N Jabbour ◽  
Ayman N Tawil ◽  
Hala Ghattas ◽  
Omar A Obeid
Keyword(s):  
Food Intake ◽  
Protein Diet ◽  
Low Protein Diet ◽  
Low Protein

INSULIN HYPERPHAGIA IN RATS FED A LOW-PROTEIN DIET

1965 ◽  
Vol 43 (2) ◽  
pp. 225-233 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. R. Beaton ◽  
V. Feleki ◽  
J. A. F. Stevenson
Keyword(s):  
Food Intake ◽  
Body Fat ◽  
Normal Diet ◽  
Protein Diet ◽  
Low Protein Diet ◽  
Eating Pattern ◽  
Low Protein ◽  
Running Activity ◽  
Male Wistar Rats ◽  
Rebound Increase

This investigation was undertaken to ascertain if daily treatment with insulin, known to increase lipogenesis, fat deposition, and food intake on a normal diet, could overcome or prevent, the hypophagia of rats fed a low-protein (5% casein) diet. Male Wistar rats on 20 or 5% casein diets were injected subcutaneously daily for 25 days with 2 units/100 g body weight of protamine zinc insulin (PZI) or saline. PZI increased the food intake and weight gain on both diets but not linear growth. It increased body fat markedly and protein slightly on the low-protein diet and body fat only on the normal diet. In a second similar experiment, in which treatment was continued for 17 days, PZI caused no change in resting oxygen consumption from that of the controls on either diet but did prevent the increase in running activity that rats on a low-protein diet show. In both experiments, although the insulin-treated rats on low-protein diet ate as many calories as the saline-treated controls on the normal diet, they gained significantly less weight. This paradox remains unexplained.The rebound increase in blood sugar following injection of PZI was relatively much faster in the low-protein animals. This was associated with a more immediate and greater food intake suggesting a "meal-eating" pattern of food intake in these animals which may have also enhanced lipogenesis.

scholarly journals Somatomedin-C and zinc status in rats as affected by Zn, protein and food intake

1986 ◽  
Vol 56 (1) ◽  
pp. 163-169 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zafrallah T. Cossack
Keyword(s):  
Food Intake ◽  
Body Weight Gain ◽  
Experimental Period ◽  
Optimal Level ◽  
Protein Diet ◽  
Low Protein Diet ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Somatomedin C ◽  
Low Protein ◽  
Adequate Food

1. The objective of the present experiment was to study the level of plasma somatomedin-C (SM-C) and the status of zinc in rats as affected by three levels of Zn given in combinations with two levels of protein.2. Six groups of rats were fed, for 21 d, on six different diets based on combinations of two levels of dietary protein (low protein, 75 g/kg; high protein, 200 g/kg) and three levels of zinc (low Zn, 0.9 pglkg; moderate Zn, 55 pg/kg; high Zn, 110 pglkg). All groups were pair-fed with the group receiving the low-Zn-low-protein diet. An additional group of six rats served as an ad lib.-fed control group and was fed on a diet that contained 55 pg Zn/kg and 200 g protein/kg ad lib.3. Body-weight gain and food intake were recorded daily. Rats were killed at the end of the experimental period (21 d). Zn was assayed in plasma, tibia and liver by atomic absorption technique. Plasma SM-C was assayed by radioimmunoassay.4. In rats given the low-Zn-low-protein diet, the level of plasma SM-C increased in response to the increase in the amount of Zn or Zn and protein in the diet. However, no change was observed when the level of protein alone was increased.5. Among all groups tested, adlib.-fed rats showed the highest level of plasma SM-C. Thus it may be concluded that a balanced diet combined with adequate food intake is necessary to maintain an optimal level of plasma SM-C.

Factors in the reduced food intake of rats fed a low-protein diet

1968 ◽  
Vol 46 (1) ◽  
pp. 19-23 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. R. Beaton ◽  
V. Feleki ◽  
J. A. F. Stevenson
Keyword(s):  
Food Intake ◽  
Protein Diet ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Low Protein Diet ◽  
Fasting Period ◽  
Thermostatic Control ◽  
Low Protein ◽  
Wistar Strain ◽  
Glucose Injection ◽  
Colonic Temperature

Male rats of the Wistar strain were fed either a control (20% casein) or a low-protein (5% casein) diet. Following the intraperitoneal injection of glucose solution it was observed from the blood glucose curve that low-protein fed rats had a delayed or impaired utilization of this carbohydrate. Resting oxygen consumption was not significantly different, and after glucose injection the slight increase in both groups was not significant. On refeeding after fasting, the colonic temperature of low-protein fed rats rose to a greater extent than did that of controls. Administration of protamine zinc insulin (PZI) decreased colonic temperature during fasting particularly in low-protein fed animals, and also during refeeding following a brief fasting period. From the results of these several experiments, it would appear that low-protein fed rats may have (a) an impairment in utilization of carbohydrate, and (b) a defect in immediate energy dissipation or an increased rate of energy production from ingested food. These two abnormalities may contribute to the reduced food intake of such animals. The association of a greater increase in colonic temperature on feeding and the hypophagia of rats fed a low-protein diet, as well as the hypothermic effect of PZI associated with an increase in food intake are suggestive of a thermostatic control of food intake in addition to a glucostatic control.

scholarly journals Some factors controlling food intake by zinc-deficient rats

1973 ◽  
Vol 30 (3) ◽  
pp. 555-566 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. K. Chesters ◽  
Marie Will
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Food Intake ◽  
Amino Acid Content ◽  
Protein Diet ◽  
Low Protein Diet ◽  
Effective Control ◽  
Zn Deficiency ◽  
Low Protein ◽  
Zn Concentration ◽  
Egg Albumen

1. Male hooded Lister rats given a diet containing 40 mg zinc/kg were described as Zn-adequate. Other rats were subsequently given diets containing less than 1 mg Zn/kg. After a period of approximately 5 d these animals ceased to grow and were described as Zn-deficient.2. Zn-deficient rats offered ad lib. a Zn-deficient diet containing 200 g egg albumen/kg ate only 55% of the weight eaten by Zn-adequate rats given a similar diet supplemented with Zn. The intake of the deficient rats increased when the metabolizable energy content of the diet was decreased and also when the environmental temperature was lowered.3. Zn-deficient rats offered Zn-deficient diets containing 200 g egg albumen/kg showed a high day-to-day variability of intake. When the albumen content was raised to 400 g/kg, neither the mean food intake of the rats nor the variability of food intake changed, but with diets containing only 50 g albumen/kg the quantity eaten increased and the variability of food intake decreased. Results obtained when the low-protein diet was supplemented with essential and non-essential amino acids indicated that increased variability of intake was associated with the essential amino acid content of the diet. The effect on variability of intake was greatest when the supplements contained methionine, phenylalanine, threonine and tryptophan; addition of this group of amino acids to a Zn-supplemented, low-protein diet produced the largest increase in the growth rate of Zn-adequate rats.4. When the food intake of the rats was examined for periods of 2 h throughtout the day, the Zn-deficient rats were found to eat on fewer occasions than the control rats. However, in those periods when the Zn-deficient rats did eat, the quantities eaten in 2 h showed the same distribution of weights as did those for the Zn-adequate rats.5. There were significant relationships between food intake and plasma Zn concentration; the most significant was the negative correlation between food intake in 24 h and plasma Zn concentration at the end of the 24 h period.6. Zn deficiency resulted in a failure of growth in the young rat and therefore in a reduction in its rate of energy expenditure but did not appear to cause directly a loss of appetite. It is suggested that cyclical patterns of food intake associated with Zn deficiency in young rats resulted from the slow but effective control of food intake by the energy balance of the animals.

Enzyme supplementation of low or high crude protein concentration diets for broiler chickens

1990 ◽  
Vol 51 (2) ◽  
pp. 399-404 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Pettersson ◽  
H. Graham ◽  
P. Åman
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Food Intake ◽  
High Protein Diet ◽  
Conversion Ratio ◽  
Protein Diet ◽  
Low Protein Diet ◽  
Food Conversion ◽  
Low Protein ◽  
Enzyme Supplementation ◽  
Protein Diets

ABSTRACTPrevious investigations have established that supplementing broiler chicken diets with appropriate endosperm cell wall degrading enzymes can improve nutrient digestion, and indicated that this could allow lower protein diets to be used. In this study the effect of enzyme supplementation on the productive value of low (192 g/kg dry matter (DM)) and high (227 g/kg DM) protein diets was studied. The diets employed were based on barley, wheat and rye, and the two enzyme preparations used, Glucanase GP 5000® and Novozym-343®, contained β3-glucanase and arabinoxylanase activities.The high protein diet gave a higher incidence of sticky droppings, but resulted in a higher growth rate and improved food conversion ratio than the low protein diet. Enzyme supplementation reduced the incidence of sticky droppings and also improved growth rate, food intake and food conversion efficiency for both diets, with the Glucanase GP 5000 preparation generally being more effective. Enzyme supplementation improved growth rate on the low protein diet to a level equal to or better than that on the high protein diet, although this was achieved by a better food intake and an inferior food conversion ratio. This study demonstrated that supplementation with appropriate enzymes could allow a reduction in dietary protein level without affecting broiler growth rate.

Hepatic Ultrastructure Changes Induced by Lithocholic Acid

1967 ◽  
Vol 25 ◽  
pp. 162-163 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. G. Zaki
Keyword(s):  
Endoplasmic Reticulum ◽  
Lithocholic Acid ◽  
Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum ◽  
Protein Diet ◽  
Low Protein Diet ◽  
Electron Microscopic ◽  
Hydropic Degeneration ◽  
Hepatic Cells ◽  
Low Protein ◽  
Microscopic Studies

Addition of lithocholic acid (LCA), a naturally occurring bile acid in mammals, to a low protein diet fed to rats induced marked inflammatory reaction in the hepatic cells followed by hydropic degeneration and ductular cell proliferation. These changes were accompanied by dilatation and hyperplasia of the common bile duct and formation of “gallstones”. All these changes were reversible when LCA was withdrawn from the low protein diet except for the hardened gallstones which persisted.Electron microscopic studies revealed marked alterations in the hepatic cells. Early changes included disorganization, fragmentation of the rough endoplasmic reticulum and detachment of its ribosomes. Free ribosomes, either singly or arranged in small clusters were frequently seen in most of the hepatic cells. Vesiculation of the smooth endoplasmic reticulum was often encountered as early as one week after the administration of LCA (Fig. 1).

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