Factors in the reduced food intake of rats fed a low-protein diet

1968 ◽  
Vol 46 (1) ◽  
pp. 19-23 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. R. Beaton ◽  
V. Feleki ◽  
J. A. F. Stevenson
Keyword(s):  
Food Intake ◽  
Protein Diet ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Low Protein Diet ◽  
Fasting Period ◽  
Thermostatic Control ◽  
Low Protein ◽  
Wistar Strain ◽  
Glucose Injection ◽  
Colonic Temperature

Male rats of the Wistar strain were fed either a control (20% casein) or a low-protein (5% casein) diet. Following the intraperitoneal injection of glucose solution it was observed from the blood glucose curve that low-protein fed rats had a delayed or impaired utilization of this carbohydrate. Resting oxygen consumption was not significantly different, and after glucose injection the slight increase in both groups was not significant. On refeeding after fasting, the colonic temperature of low-protein fed rats rose to a greater extent than did that of controls. Administration of protamine zinc insulin (PZI) decreased colonic temperature during fasting particularly in low-protein fed animals, and also during refeeding following a brief fasting period. From the results of these several experiments, it would appear that low-protein fed rats may have (a) an impairment in utilization of carbohydrate, and (b) a defect in immediate energy dissipation or an increased rate of energy production from ingested food. These two abnormalities may contribute to the reduced food intake of such animals. The association of a greater increase in colonic temperature on feeding and the hypophagia of rats fed a low-protein diet, as well as the hypothermic effect of PZI associated with an increase in food intake are suggestive of a thermostatic control of food intake in addition to a glucostatic control.

scholarly journals Phosphorus Supplementation Mitigated Food Intake and Growth of Rats Fed a Low-Protein Diet

2017 ◽  
Vol 1 (8) ◽  
pp. e000943 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rola U Hammoud ◽  
Mark N Jabbour ◽  
Ayman N Tawil ◽  
Hala Ghattas ◽  
Omar A Obeid
Keyword(s):  
Food Intake ◽  
Protein Diet ◽  
Low Protein Diet ◽  
Low Protein

Erratum: Factors in the reduced food intake of rats fed a low-protein diet

1968 ◽  
Vol 46 (4) ◽  
pp. 702-702
Author(s):  
J. R. Beaton ◽  
V. Feleki ◽  
J. A. F. Stevenson
Keyword(s):  
Food Intake ◽  
Protein Diet ◽  
Low Protein Diet ◽  
Low Protein

INSULIN HYPERPHAGIA IN RATS FED A LOW-PROTEIN DIET

1965 ◽  
Vol 43 (2) ◽  
pp. 225-233 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. R. Beaton ◽  
V. Feleki ◽  
J. A. F. Stevenson
Keyword(s):  
Food Intake ◽  
Body Fat ◽  
Normal Diet ◽  
Protein Diet ◽  
Low Protein Diet ◽  
Eating Pattern ◽  
Low Protein ◽  
Running Activity ◽  
Male Wistar Rats ◽  
Rebound Increase

This investigation was undertaken to ascertain if daily treatment with insulin, known to increase lipogenesis, fat deposition, and food intake on a normal diet, could overcome or prevent, the hypophagia of rats fed a low-protein (5% casein) diet. Male Wistar rats on 20 or 5% casein diets were injected subcutaneously daily for 25 days with 2 units/100 g body weight of protamine zinc insulin (PZI) or saline. PZI increased the food intake and weight gain on both diets but not linear growth. It increased body fat markedly and protein slightly on the low-protein diet and body fat only on the normal diet. In a second similar experiment, in which treatment was continued for 17 days, PZI caused no change in resting oxygen consumption from that of the controls on either diet but did prevent the increase in running activity that rats on a low-protein diet show. In both experiments, although the insulin-treated rats on low-protein diet ate as many calories as the saline-treated controls on the normal diet, they gained significantly less weight. This paradox remains unexplained.The rebound increase in blood sugar following injection of PZI was relatively much faster in the low-protein animals. This was associated with a more immediate and greater food intake suggesting a "meal-eating" pattern of food intake in these animals which may have also enhanced lipogenesis.

THE EFFECT OF PARATHION ON THE LIVER AND KIDNEY CARBOXYLESTERASES AND THE PLASMA ACETYLCHOLINESTERASES OF RATS FED NUTRITIONALLY DEFICIENT DIETS

1966 ◽  
Vol 44 (6) ◽  
pp. 809-817 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sheila I. Read ◽  
E. J. Middleton ◽  
W. P. Mckinley
Keyword(s):  
Control Diet ◽  
Acetylcholinesterase Activity ◽  
Protein Diet ◽  
Female Rats ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Low Protein Diet ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Low Protein ◽  
Male And Female Rats ◽  
Liver And Kidney

Female rats were fed diets low in minerals, vitamins, or protein, or a control diet, both alone and supplemented with 10 parts per million (p.p.m.) parathion for 3 weeks. Male and female rats were fed control and tow-vitamin diets both with and without parathion supplementation (0–10 p.p.m.) for 3 weeks. The liver and kidney carboxylesterases (EC 3.1.1.1.), and the plasma acetylcholinesterases (EC 3.1.1.7.) of the male rats, were measured.In the female rats, a low-mineral diet resulted in an increase of carboxylesterases in the liver and kidney; a low-vitamin diet caused a marked increase in liver carboxylesterases but had no effect on the carboxylesterases of the kidney. Parathion at 10 p.p.m. in all diets greatly reduced the liver carboxylesterases but had less effect on kidney carboxylesterases, except in the case of the low-protein diet, for which the reduction was similar to that in the liver. Varying amounts of parathion added to the low-vitamin diet reduced the liver and kidney carboxylesterases, but to a less extent than when added to the control diet.The liver carboxylesterases of male rats were inhibited approximately 50% by 2 p.p.m. parathion in the control diet and by 4 p.p.m. parathion in the low-vitamin diet. However, inhibition of plasma acetylcholinesterase and kidney carboxylesterases was not marked until the 10 p.p.m. parathion level was fed. The acetylcholinesterase activity of the plasma of male rats did not decrease until the level of liver carboxylesterases was very low.

Weanling Rats Exposed to Maternal Low-Protein Diets during Discrete Periods of Gestation Exhibit Differing Severity of Hypertension

1996 ◽  
Vol 91 (5) ◽  
pp. 607-615 ◽  
Author(s):  
Simon C. Langley-Evans ◽  
Simon J. M. Welham ◽  
Rachel C. Sherman ◽  
Alan A. Jackson
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Control Diet ◽  
Plasma Renin ◽  
Late Gestation ◽  
Protein Diet ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Low Protein Diet ◽  
Fetal Exposure ◽  
Low Protein ◽  
Protein Diets

1. In the rat, hypertension is induced by fetal exposure to maternal low-protein diets. The effect on blood pressure of undernutrition before conception and during discrete periods in early, mid or late pregnancy was assessed using an 18% casein (control) diet and a 9% casein diet to apply mild protein restriction. 2. The offspring of rats fed 9% casein developed raised blood pressure by weaning age. Feeding a low-protein diet before conception was not a prerequisite for programming of hypertension. 3. Hypertension was observed in rats exposed to low protein during the following gestational periods: days 0–7, days 8–14 and days 15–22. Blood pressure increases elicited by these discrete periods of undernutrition were lower than those induced by feeding a low-protein diet throughout pregnancy. The effect in early gestation was significant only in male animals. Post-natal growth of male rats exposed to low-protein diets was accelerated, but kidneys were small in relation to body weight. 4. Biochemical indices of glucocorticoid action in liver, hippocampus, hypothalamus and lung were elevated in rats exposed to low-protein diets in utero. The apparent hypersensitivity to glucocorticoids was primarily associated with undernutrition in mid to late gestation. 5. Plasma renin activity was elevated in rats exposed to 9% casein over days 15–22 of gestation. Animals undernourished over days 0–7 and 8–14 produced pups with lower plasma angiotensin II concentrations at weaning. 6. Fetal exposure to maternal low-protein diets for any period in gestation may programme hypertension in the rat. Alterations to renal structure, renal hormone action or the hypothalamic—pituitary-adrenal axis may all play a role in the programming phenomenon, either independently or in concert.

scholarly journals Somatomedin-C and zinc status in rats as affected by Zn, protein and food intake

1986 ◽  
Vol 56 (1) ◽  
pp. 163-169 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zafrallah T. Cossack
Keyword(s):  
Food Intake ◽  
Body Weight Gain ◽  
Experimental Period ◽  
Optimal Level ◽  
Protein Diet ◽  
Low Protein Diet ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Somatomedin C ◽  
Low Protein ◽  
Adequate Food

1. The objective of the present experiment was to study the level of plasma somatomedin-C (SM-C) and the status of zinc in rats as affected by three levels of Zn given in combinations with two levels of protein.2. Six groups of rats were fed, for 21 d, on six different diets based on combinations of two levels of dietary protein (low protein, 75 g/kg; high protein, 200 g/kg) and three levels of zinc (low Zn, 0.9 pglkg; moderate Zn, 55 pg/kg; high Zn, 110 pglkg). All groups were pair-fed with the group receiving the low-Zn-low-protein diet. An additional group of six rats served as an ad lib.-fed control group and was fed on a diet that contained 55 pg Zn/kg and 200 g protein/kg ad lib.3. Body-weight gain and food intake were recorded daily. Rats were killed at the end of the experimental period (21 d). Zn was assayed in plasma, tibia and liver by atomic absorption technique. Plasma SM-C was assayed by radioimmunoassay.4. In rats given the low-Zn-low-protein diet, the level of plasma SM-C increased in response to the increase in the amount of Zn or Zn and protein in the diet. However, no change was observed when the level of protein alone was increased.5. Among all groups tested, adlib.-fed rats showed the highest level of plasma SM-C. Thus it may be concluded that a balanced diet combined with adequate food intake is necessary to maintain an optimal level of plasma SM-C.

scholarly journals Effect Royal Jelly against Low Protein Diet Induced Hepatic Damage in Male Rats

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 02-06 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roshankhah Shiva ◽  
Arash Ziapoor ◽  
Cyrus Jalili ◽  
Mohammad Reza Salahshoor
Keyword(s):  
Royal Jelly ◽  
Hepatic Damage ◽  
Protein Diet ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Low Protein Diet ◽  
Low Protein

scholarly journals Some factors controlling food intake by zinc-deficient rats

1973 ◽  
Vol 30 (3) ◽  
pp. 555-566 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. K. Chesters ◽  
Marie Will
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Food Intake ◽  
Amino Acid Content ◽  
Protein Diet ◽  
Low Protein Diet ◽  
Effective Control ◽  
Zn Deficiency ◽  
Low Protein ◽  
Zn Concentration ◽  
Egg Albumen

1. Male hooded Lister rats given a diet containing 40 mg zinc/kg were described as Zn-adequate. Other rats were subsequently given diets containing less than 1 mg Zn/kg. After a period of approximately 5 d these animals ceased to grow and were described as Zn-deficient.2. Zn-deficient rats offered ad lib. a Zn-deficient diet containing 200 g egg albumen/kg ate only 55% of the weight eaten by Zn-adequate rats given a similar diet supplemented with Zn. The intake of the deficient rats increased when the metabolizable energy content of the diet was decreased and also when the environmental temperature was lowered.3. Zn-deficient rats offered Zn-deficient diets containing 200 g egg albumen/kg showed a high day-to-day variability of intake. When the albumen content was raised to 400 g/kg, neither the mean food intake of the rats nor the variability of food intake changed, but with diets containing only 50 g albumen/kg the quantity eaten increased and the variability of food intake decreased. Results obtained when the low-protein diet was supplemented with essential and non-essential amino acids indicated that increased variability of intake was associated with the essential amino acid content of the diet. The effect on variability of intake was greatest when the supplements contained methionine, phenylalanine, threonine and tryptophan; addition of this group of amino acids to a Zn-supplemented, low-protein diet produced the largest increase in the growth rate of Zn-adequate rats.4. When the food intake of the rats was examined for periods of 2 h throughtout the day, the Zn-deficient rats were found to eat on fewer occasions than the control rats. However, in those periods when the Zn-deficient rats did eat, the quantities eaten in 2 h showed the same distribution of weights as did those for the Zn-adequate rats.5. There were significant relationships between food intake and plasma Zn concentration; the most significant was the negative correlation between food intake in 24 h and plasma Zn concentration at the end of the 24 h period.6. Zn deficiency resulted in a failure of growth in the young rat and therefore in a reduction in its rate of energy expenditure but did not appear to cause directly a loss of appetite. It is suggested that cyclical patterns of food intake associated with Zn deficiency in young rats resulted from the slow but effective control of food intake by the energy balance of the animals.

scholarly journals Pamidronate Prevents Bone Loss and Decreased Bone Strength in Adult Female and Male Rats Fed an Isocaloric Low-Protein Diet

2005 ◽  
Vol 20 (8) ◽  
pp. 1365-1371 ◽  
Author(s):  
Samia Mekraldi ◽  
Anne Toromanoff ◽  
René Rizzoli ◽  
Patrick Ammann
Keyword(s):  
Bone Loss ◽  
Bone Strength ◽  
Adult Female ◽  
Protein Diet ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Low Protein Diet ◽  
Low Protein
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