Variation in host foliage nutrient concentrations in relation to western spruce budworm herbivory

1988 ◽  
Vol 18 (5) ◽  
pp. 530-539 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karen M. Clancy ◽  
Michael R. Wagner ◽  
Richard W. Tinus
Keyword(s):  
Host Species ◽  
Larval Growth ◽  
Spruce Budworm ◽  
Interspecific Variation ◽  
Mineral Elements ◽  
Nutrient Concentrations ◽  
Western Spruce Budworm ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Survival And Reproduction ◽  
Foliar Concentrations

The western spruce budworm, Choristoneuraoccidentalis Freeman, prefers to feed on early season, new foliage; phenological age of host foliage has profound influences on larval growth and development. Budworm growth, survival, and reproduction also differ with host plant species. Seasonal and interspecific variation in foliar nutrients suggests that they may be key nutritional factors affecting budworm performance. Foliar concentrations and balances of N and eight mineral elements (P, K, Ca, Mg, Mn, Cu, Fe, Zn, P/N, Cu/Zn, Mn/Fe, and Ca/Mg) in current-year needles varied with season and tree species (Pseudotsugamenziesii (Mirb.) Franco, Abiesconcolor (Gord. & Glend.), and Piceaengelmannii Parry ex Engelm.). Seasonal trends occurring in all host species as the new needles matured were (i) declines in N, P, K, and Zn; (ii) increases in Ca, Mn, P/N, Mn/Fe, and Ca/Mg; and (iii) an increase followed by a decrease in Fe. Nutrients showing distinct differences among host species included N, P, K, Ca, Fe, and Zn, plus the Cu/Zn ratio. Mg and Cu were different among some but not all host species or sampling times.

scholarly journals Effects of a Western Spruce Budworm Outbreak on Private Lands in Eastern Oregon, 1980–1994

2008 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 19-25
Author(s):  
David L. Azuma ◽  
David L. Overhulser
Keyword(s):  
Host Species ◽  
Forest Inventory ◽  
Stand Structure ◽  
Basal Area ◽  
Spruce Budworm ◽  
Analysis Data ◽  
Western Spruce Budworm ◽  
Private Lands ◽  
Forest Inventory And Analysis ◽  
Salvage Harvesting

Abstract Forest Inventory and Analysis data from three inventory periods were used to examine the effects of a western spruce budworm outbreak on private lands in eastern Oregon. Growth was negatively related to defoliation with differences between crown ratio and species. The mortality and salvage harvesting caused changes in stand structure on private lands. Although many stands showed a decrease in basal area, there was no detectable decrease in host species as a percentage of basal area. The combined effect of mortality, harvest, and loss in predicted growth may be as much as 30% of the initial standing volume.

Differential effects of Douglas-fir tussock moth and western spruce budworm defoliation on radial growth of grand fir and Douglas-fir

1979 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 95-105 ◽  
Author(s):  
Linda B. Brubaker ◽  
Shannon K. Greene
Keyword(s):  
Host Species ◽  
Radial Growth ◽  
Ring Width ◽  
Spruce Budworm ◽  
Douglas Fir ◽  
Western Spruce Budworm ◽  
Tussock Moth ◽  
Rate Of Growth ◽  
Growth Loss ◽  
The Impact

This study compares the effects of separate Douglas-fir tussock moth (Orgiapseudotsugata McDunnough) and western spruce budworm (Choristoneuraoccidentalis Freeman) infestations on the radial growth of two host species, grand fir (Abiesgrandis (Doug.) Lindl.) and Douglas-fir (Pseudotsugamenziesii (Mirb.) Franco). Growth records from nonhost species were also examined to substantiate that growth reduction in the hosts resulted from feeding by the respective defoliators. Ring-width data, standardized to remove trends of decreasing width from pith to bark, were tested statistically to identify significant differences in the effects of each defoliator on each host species. Four measures of radial growth were examined: maximum rate of growth decline, average rate of growth recovery, 1-year growth loss, and 5-year growth loss. The effects of tussock moth did not differ statistically between host species, but the impact of budworm defoliation on grand fir was significantly greater than on Douglas-fir. Differences occurred between the overall effects of tussock moth and budworm on the host species, with tussock moth causing significantly more rapid growth reductions and greater growth losses than budworm. It is concluded that (1) grand fir and Douglas-fir ring patterns, individually or in combination, can provide good evidence of severe defoliation by Douglas-fir tussock moth, (2) grand fir ring patterns can be used to identify severe defoliation by western spruce budworm, and (3) Douglas-fir ring patterns can provide evidence of budworm infestation only if corroborative evidence of a budworm infestation is present in the ring patterns of grand fir trees in the same stand.

FACTORS AFFECTING CATCH IN PHEROMONE TRAPS FOR MONITORING THE WESTERN SPRUCE BUDWORM, CHORISTONEURA OCCIDENTALIS FREEMAN

1990 ◽  
Vol 122 (6) ◽  
pp. 1119-1130 ◽  
Author(s):  
J.D. Sweeney ◽  
J.A. McLean ◽  
R.F. Shepherd
Keyword(s):  
Larval Density ◽  
Basal Area ◽  
Spruce Budworm ◽  
Trapping Efficiency ◽  
Choristoneura Occidentalis ◽  
Pheromone Traps ◽  
Western Spruce Budworm ◽  
Trap Design ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
The Mean

AbstractThe effects of trap design, lure concentration, lure age, and trap maintenance on the catch of western spruce budworm moths, Choristoneura occidentalis Freeman, in pheromone traps were tested in light to moderate infestations near Ashcroft, B.C. High cumulative moth catches reduced the trapping efficiency of both the sticky traps and the non-sticky Uni-traps relative to traps from which the moths were removed every 2 days. Correlations between the total season’s catch and larval density per plot in the same and following generations were not significant (P>0.05) for any of the eight combinations of trap design, lure concentration, and maintenance regimen tested. However, by dividing the mean moth catch in Uni-traps by either the basal area or foliage biomass per hectare in each plot, correlations with the following year’s larval density were significant (r2 = 0.77–0.98; P<0.05; n=5).

A method for sampling western spruce budworm pupae.

1981 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nilima Srivastava ◽  
Roy C. Beckwith ◽  
Robert W. Campbell ◽  
Torolf R. Torgersen
Keyword(s):  
Spruce Budworm ◽  
Western Spruce Budworm

FACTORS AFFECTING THE MORTALITY OF LEAFMINERS ARGYRESTHIA THUIELLA AND PULICALVARIA THUJAELLA (LEPIDOPTERA: YPONOMEUTIDAE AND GELECHIIDAE) ON EASTERN WHITE CEDAR, IN ONTARIO

1979 ◽  
Vol 111 (11) ◽  
pp. 1299-1306 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. L. Bazinet ◽  
M. K. Sears
Keyword(s):  
Host Species ◽  
Life Tables ◽  
Mortality Factors ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
White Cedar ◽  
Eastern White Cedar ◽  
Overwintering Mortality

AbstractMortality factors affecting populations of the leafminers Argyresthia thuiella (Pack.) and Pulicalvaria thujaella (Kft.), on eastern white cedar in the area of Guelph, Ontario were identified and summarized in life tables. During the two annual generations studied from 1975 to 1977, overwintering mortality varied widely. Winterkill increased from 6.8% to 62.9% for A. thuiella and from 8.1% to 54.6% for P. thujaella, from 1976 to 1977. Several parasitoids produced substantial mortality of each host species, but their effect may have been superseded by winterkill in 1977. Data indicate that both populations of leafminers increased from 1975 to 1976 but decreased substantially from 1976 to 1977.

Chemistry and field evaluation of the sex pheromone of western spruce budworm,Choristoneura occidentalis, Freeman

1982 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 339-350 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. T. Cory ◽  
G. E. Daterman ◽  
G. D. Daves ◽  
L. L. Sower ◽  
R. F. Shepherd ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sex Pheromone ◽  
Spruce Budworm ◽  
Field Evaluation ◽  
Choristoneura Occidentalis ◽  
Western Spruce Budworm

FACTORS AFFECTING ADULT EMERGENCE AND MATING BEHAVIOR OF THE EASTERN SPRUCE BUDWORM, CHORISTONEURA FUMIFERANA (LEPIDOPTERA: TORTRICIDAE)

1975 ◽  
Vol 107 (9) ◽  
pp. 967-977 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. J. Sanders
Keyword(s):  
Field Experiments ◽  
Choristoneura Fumiferana ◽  
Adult Emergence ◽  
Spruce Budworm ◽  
Field Conditions ◽  
Continuous Illumination ◽  
Degree Days ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Eastern Spruce Budworm ◽  
Duration Of Copulation

AbstractLaboratory and field experiments indicate that the female spruce budworm (Choristoneura fumiferana (Clem.)) pupal stadium requires approximately 122C degree-days above a threshold of 7.2 °C (45°F), the male 124. Emergence time on any given day depends on temperature but is independent of photoperiod. Under field conditions male and female budworm mate only once per 24-h period. In the laboratory under continuous illumination females mate repeatedly and males readily mate a second time within a few hours, but the duration of the second copulation is abnormally long. The probability of multiple matings under field conditions is reduced by the restricted period of sexual activity coupled with the duration of copulation and the lower competitiveness of mated insects. Antennae are essential to the male for successful copulation.

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