Effects of Sorbic Acid and Temperature on Survival and Reproduction of Western Spruce Budworm (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae)

1991 ◽  
Vol 84 (2) ◽  
pp. 552-557 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karen M. Clancy
Keyword(s):  
Sorbic Acid ◽  
Spruce Budworm ◽  
Western Spruce Budworm ◽  
Survival And Reproduction

Variation in host foliage nutrient concentrations in relation to western spruce budworm herbivory

1988 ◽  
Vol 18 (5) ◽  
pp. 530-539 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karen M. Clancy ◽  
Michael R. Wagner ◽  
Richard W. Tinus
Keyword(s):  
Host Species ◽  
Larval Growth ◽  
Spruce Budworm ◽  
Interspecific Variation ◽  
Mineral Elements ◽  
Nutrient Concentrations ◽  
Western Spruce Budworm ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Survival And Reproduction ◽  
Foliar Concentrations

The western spruce budworm, Choristoneuraoccidentalis Freeman, prefers to feed on early season, new foliage; phenological age of host foliage has profound influences on larval growth and development. Budworm growth, survival, and reproduction also differ with host plant species. Seasonal and interspecific variation in foliar nutrients suggests that they may be key nutritional factors affecting budworm performance. Foliar concentrations and balances of N and eight mineral elements (P, K, Ca, Mg, Mn, Cu, Fe, Zn, P/N, Cu/Zn, Mn/Fe, and Ca/Mg) in current-year needles varied with season and tree species (Pseudotsugamenziesii (Mirb.) Franco, Abiesconcolor (Gord. & Glend.), and Piceaengelmannii Parry ex Engelm.). Seasonal trends occurring in all host species as the new needles matured were (i) declines in N, P, K, and Zn; (ii) increases in Ca, Mn, P/N, Mn/Fe, and Ca/Mg; and (iii) an increase followed by a decrease in Fe. Nutrients showing distinct differences among host species included N, P, K, Ca, Fe, and Zn, plus the Cu/Zn ratio. Mg and Cu were different among some but not all host species or sampling times.

A method for sampling western spruce budworm pupae.

1981 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nilima Srivastava ◽  
Roy C. Beckwith ◽  
Robert W. Campbell ◽  
Torolf R. Torgersen
Keyword(s):  
Spruce Budworm ◽  
Western Spruce Budworm

Chemistry and field evaluation of the sex pheromone of western spruce budworm,Choristoneura occidentalis, Freeman

1982 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 339-350 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. T. Cory ◽  
G. E. Daterman ◽  
G. D. Daves ◽  
L. L. Sower ◽  
R. F. Shepherd ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sex Pheromone ◽  
Spruce Budworm ◽  
Field Evaluation ◽  
Choristoneura Occidentalis ◽  
Western Spruce Budworm

Baculoviruses in populations of western spruce budworm

2015 ◽  
Vol 127 ◽  
pp. 76-80 ◽  
Author(s):  
V.G. Nealis ◽  
R. Turnquist ◽  
B. Morin ◽  
R.I. Graham ◽  
C.J. Lucarotti
Keyword(s):  
Spruce Budworm ◽  
Western Spruce Budworm

RELATIONSHIPS BETWEEN ATTACK RATES AND SURVIVAL OF WESTERN SPRUCE BUDWORM, CHORISTONEURA OCCIDENTALIS FREEMAN (LEPIDOPTERA: TORTRICIDAE), AND BUD DEVELOPMENT OF DOUGLAS-FIR, PSEUDOTSUGA MENZIESII (MIRB.) FRANCO

1992 ◽  
Vol 124 (2) ◽  
pp. 347-358 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roy F. Shepherd
Keyword(s):  
Close Association ◽  
Spruce Budworm ◽  
Larval Survival ◽  
Douglas Fir ◽  
Choristoneura Occidentalis ◽  
Western Spruce Budworm ◽  
Bud Development ◽  
Feeding Sites ◽  
Vegetative Buds ◽  
Wide Range

AbstractIndividual larvae of western spruce budworm (Choristoneura occidentalis Freeman) were observed from overwintering emergence to pupation at six locations spread over a wide range of altitudes and thus climate. A weekly census of 100 lower-crown buds per plot indicated large differences in rates of bud development and larval survival among locations.Emerging second-instar larvae attempted to mine swelling buds of Douglas-fir. If the buds were hard and tight, larvae mined 1-year-old needles until penetrable buds were available. Larvae dispersed over the crowns with only one larva becoming established in each bud; thus, many early-emerging and surplus larvae could not find suitable feeding sites and disappeared. Within the protective bud, survival was high. After buds flushed and larvae became exposed, densities dropped, probably due to increased predation and decreased food quality. Correlations indicated a close association between larval survival for the exposed period between bud flush and pupation, and overall larval survival.Douglas-fir trees responded to initial bud removal, but not to needle removal, by inducing latent buds in the axils of needles to grow into active vegetative buds ready to develop and flush the next spring. The number of these new vegetative buds formed was greatest when the initial buds were removed early in the season before flush, and decreased thereafter. Trees with vigorous crowns had the greatest response to defoliation by inducing the largest number of latent buds into becoming active vegetative buds; these were found mainly on the 2- and 3-year-old internodes.

INFLUENCE OF FOLIAR NITROGEN LEVELS ON SURVIVAL, DEVELOPMENT, AND REPRODUCTION OF WESTERN SPRUCE BUDWORM, CHORISTONEURA OCCIDENTALS (LEPIDOPTERA: TORTRICIDAE)

1985 ◽  
Vol 117 (1) ◽  
pp. 23-32 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Wayne Brewer ◽  
John L. Capinera ◽  
Robert E. Deshon ◽  
Mary L. Walmsley
Keyword(s):  
Larval Mortality ◽  
Spruce Budworm ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Douglas Fir ◽  
Nitrogen Level ◽  
Pupal Weight ◽  
Western Spruce Budworm ◽  
Foliar Nitrogen ◽  
Nitrogen Levels ◽  
White Fir

AbstractThe influence of nitrogen levels in foliage of white-fir, Abies concolor, and Douglas-fir, Pseudotsuga menziesii, seedlings on various biological characteristics of the western spruce budworm, Choristoneura occidentalis Freeman, was studied. Seedlings were grown under greenhouse conditions and provided with nutrient solutions to maintain five foliar nitrogen levels ranging from 1.29 to 4.42% dry weight for white fir and 1.43 to 3.94% for Douglas fir. Larvae confined to treated seedlings were monitored through the next generation. Larval mortality was higher, and development time longer, at both upper and lower extremes of foliar nitrogen than at mid-level. Mean pupal weight was significantly greater for larvae reared on white fir with the mid-range foliar-nitrogen level. Mean number, and weight, of eggs laid were highest when larvae fed on foliage from the mid-range nitrogen level. Total number of larvae produced was lowest at the high and low extremes of foliar nitrogen levels.

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