Inoculation of container-grown Douglas-fir seedlings with basidiospores of Rhizopogonvinicolor and R. colossus: effects of fertility and spore application rate

1985 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 10-13 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael A. Castellano ◽  
James M. Trappe ◽  
Randy Molina
Keyword(s):  
Slow Release ◽  
Application Rate ◽  
Height Growth ◽  
Douglas Fir ◽  
Low Fertility ◽  
High Fertility ◽  
Slow Release Fertilizer ◽  
Application Rates ◽  
Soluble Fertilizer ◽  
Fertilizer Regimes

Basidiospores of Rhizopogonvinicolor Smith and R. colossus Smith were inoculated onto container-grown Douglas-fir (Pseudotsugamenziesii (Mirb.) Franco) seedlings and grown under two levels of soluble fertilizer and one level of slow-release fertilizer. Both fungi formed abundant ectomycorrhizae on more than 54% of feeder roots under the soluble fertilizer regimes. Slow-release fertilizer suppressed mycorrhizal formation by both fungi. Height growth was significantly increased under low fertility with all basidiospore application rates of R. colossus and the three lowest application rates of R. vinicolor. The high fertility regime produced plantable Douglas-fir seedlings with abundant ectomycorrhizae of R. colossus and R. vinicolor.

scholarly journals 127 Growth of Impatiens `Accent Orange' in Substrates Containing Compost with Four Slow-release Fertilizer Concentrations

HortScience ◽  
1999 ◽  
Vol 34 (3) ◽  
pp. 463D-463
Author(s):  
Kimberly Klock-Moore
Keyword(s):  
Slow Release ◽  
Dry Mass ◽  
Fertilizer Application ◽  
Application Rate ◽  
Slow Release Fertilizer ◽  
Application Rates ◽  
Fertilizer Application Rate ◽  
Fertilizer Rates ◽  
Pot Plants

The objective of this experiment was to compare the growth of impatiens `Accent Orange' in substrates containing compost made from biosolids and yard trimmings with four slow-release fertilizer application rates. Plugs of impatiens were transplanted into 400-ml pots filled with 100% compost as a stand-alone substrate or with 60%, 30%, or 0% compost combined with control substrate components. Six days after transplanting, all plants were top-dressed with 0.5, 1, 2, or 4 g of Nutricote 13N-5.7P-10.8K (type 180) per pot. Shoot dry mass increased as the percentage of compost in the substrate increased from 0% to 100%. Shoot dry mass also increased as the fertilizer application rate increased from 0.5 to 4 g per pot. Plants grown in 30% and 60% compost with 0.5 g of fertilizer were similar in size to plants grown in 0% compost with 4 g of fertilizer per pot. Plants grown in 100% compost at all of the fertilizer rates were larger than all other plants in this study.

Effect of fertilization on seedling growth, ectomycorrhizal symbiosis, and nutrient uptake in Larixlaricina

1990 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 245-248 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Chakravarty ◽  
L. Chatarpaul
Keyword(s):  
Slow Release ◽  
Ectomycorrhizal Fungus ◽  
Fertilizer Treatment ◽  
Total Biomass ◽  
High Fertility ◽  
Fertilizer N ◽  
Ectomycorrhizal Symbiosis ◽  
Slow Release Fertilizer ◽  
Fertility Treatments ◽  
Soluble Fertilizer

Container-grown Larixlaricina (Du Roi) K. Koch seedlings were inoculated with the ectomycorrhizal fungus Laccarialaccata (Scop, ex Fr.) Berk and Br. and grown under two levels of slow-release fertilizer (Osmocote) or two levels of soluble fertilizer (N–P–K). Nonmycorrhizal seedlings grew better under high fertility regimes, whereas no significant differences were observed between low and high fertility levels for the mycorrhizal seedlings. Mycorrhizal seedlings had significantly greater root length, total biomass, and a lower shoot:root ratio under all fertility treatments. Ectomycorrhizal development was excellent regardless of fertilizer treatment. Nitrogen, P, K, Ca, and Mg concentrations were significantly higher in the mycorrhizal seedlings than in the nonmycorrhizal seedlings under all fertility regimes.

Use of the ectomycorrhizal fungus Laccarialaccata in forestry. II. Effects of fertilizer forms and levels on ectomycorrhizal development and growth of container-grown Douglas-fir and ponderosa pine seedlings

1983 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 89-95 ◽  
Author(s):  
Randy Molina ◽  
John Chamard
Keyword(s):  
Ponderosa Pine ◽  
Ectomycorrhizal Fungus ◽  
Douglas Fir ◽  
Low Fertility ◽  
Fertilizer Treatment ◽  
High Fertility ◽  
Pine Seedlings ◽  
Nursery Stock ◽  
Half Strength ◽  
Soluble Fertilizer

Container-grown Douglas-fir (Pseudotsugamenziesii (Mirb.) Franco) and ponderosa pine (Pinusponderosa Dougl. ex Laws.) were inoculated with the ectomycorrhizal fungus Laccarialaccata (Scop, ex Fr.) Berk, and Br. and grown under three levels of soluble fertilizer (low, high, and a combination of low changed to high) and full and half strength of a slow-release fertilizer. Ectomycorrhiza development was excellent for both hosts regardless of fertilizer treatment; percent ectomycorrhizal short roots averaged 93.6 for Douglas-fir and 94.5 for ponderosa pine. Inoculation did not affect the size of Douglas-fir but significantly reduced growth of ponderosa pine under low fertility. L. laccata performed well under high-fertility regimes; production of outplantable nursery stock with well-developed ectomycorrhizae was obtained.

Effects of application rate and cold soaking pretreatment of Pisolithus spores on effectiveness as nursery inoculum on western conifers

1983 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 533-537 ◽  
Author(s):  
Isabel F. Alvarez ◽  
James M. Trappe
Keyword(s):  
Ponderosa Pine ◽  
Application Rate ◽  
Douglas Fir ◽  
Application Rates ◽  
White Fir ◽  
Mycorrhiza Formation ◽  
Bare Root

Ponderosa pine (Pinusponderosa Dougl. ex Laws.), Douglas-fir (Pseudotsugamenziesii (Mirb.) Franco), Shasta red (Abiesmagnified var. shastensis Lemm.), and white fir (Abiesconcolor (Gord. & Glend.) Lindl. ex Hild.) seedlings were inoculated in a bare root nursery with basidiospores of Pisolithustinctorius (Pers.) Coker & Couch. The spores were applied at three rates with or without cold–wet pretreatment of 7 or 21 days. Pretreatment did not affect spore efficiency as inoculum. Only ponderosa pine responded to inoculation. Inoculations in the greenhouse with a wider range of spore application rates revealed that a higher concentration of spores was needed to induce an increase in growth and mycorrhiza formation of Douglas-fir than ponderosa pine. These levels were much higher than those used in nursery inoculations.

scholarly journals Effect of Slow Release Fertilizers on Formation of Mycorrhizae and Growth of Container Grown Pine Seedlings

1986 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 97-101
Author(s):  
David E. Crowley ◽  
Dale M. Maronek ◽  
James W. Hendrix
Keyword(s):  
Seedling Growth ◽  
Slow Release ◽  
Application Rate ◽  
Pinus Echinata ◽  
Temperature Dependent ◽  
Application Rates ◽  
Pine Seedlings ◽  
Fertilizer Release ◽  
Slow Release Fertilizers ◽  
Mycorrhizal Development

Slow-release fertilizer formulations at various NPK analyses, release rates, and application rates were evaluated for their effects on seedling growth and mycorrhizal development of container-grown seedlings of Pinus echinata (Mill.) inoculated with Pisolithus tinctorius (Pers.) Coker and Couch. Fertilizer release rate and application rate affected formation of mycorrhizae. At 9.0 kg/m3 (15.0 lb/yd3), greater numbers of seedlings formed mycorrhizae and a greater portion of the root system was mycorrhizal with the 8 to 9 month release fertilizer, regardless of formulation, than with the 1 to 2 or 3 to 4 month release fertilizers. Best seedling growth and mycorrhizae formation was obtained with the 21N-3.OP-11.6K (21-7-14) 8 to 9 month release fertilizer at the 4.5 kg/m3 (7.5 lb/yd3) application rate. Because fertilizer release is temperature dependent, deleterious effects of over fertilization may be greater with higher greenhouse temperatures. The low benefits of fertilization rates higher than 4.5 kg/m3 (7.5 lb/yd3) do not warrant the risk of interference with formation of mycorrhizae.

scholarly journals (67) Effect of Two Types of Fertilizers on the Growth and Development of Tissue-cultured Daylilies Transferred to the Greenhouse

HortScience ◽  
2006 ◽  
Vol 41 (4) ◽  
pp. 1018C-1018
Author(s):  
Johnny Carter ◽  
Diondre Palmer ◽  
Lianghong Chen ◽  
Surinder Gulia
Keyword(s):  
Growth And Development ◽  
Shoot Growth ◽  
Slow Release ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Maximum Growth ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Fresh Weight ◽  
Slow Release Fertilizer ◽  
Randomized Complete Block Design ◽  
Soluble Fertilizer

During Summer 2005, a study similar to that of Summer 2004 was conducted to determine the effect of two type of fertilizers on the growth and development of tissue-cultured daylilies transferred to the greenhouse. Peters 20–20–20 water-soluble fertilizer and a slow-release fertilizer were the two fertilizers evaluated. Peters 20–20–20 fertilizer was used at 0 (control), 50, 100, 200 mg/L rates. The slow-release fertilizer was used at 2.5 g per 10.2-cm pot. Each treatment was replicated four times in randomized complete-block design. After 6 weeks of growth, the results showed that when compared to the control, all treatments except for 200 mg/L caused a significant increase in root growth. Shoot growth was significantly increased by the 100 mg/L treatment, while the 200 mg/L and the slow-release treatments suppressed shoot growth. Similar to the growth of roots and shoots, the 100 mg/L treatment caused significant increase in fresh weight, while both the 200 mg/L and slow-release treatments caused a reduction. Results obtained for Summer 2005 were similar to that of Summer 2004. These results imply that the 100 mg/L Peters 20–20–20 fertilizers treatment is the best treatment for maximum growth and development of tissue-cultured daylilies transferred to the greenhouse.

scholarly journals Fertilizer Levels and Medium Affect Foliage Plant Growth in an Ebb and Flow Irrigation System

1992 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 81-86 ◽  
Author(s):  
R.T. Poole ◽  
C.A. Conover
Keyword(s):  
Slow Release ◽  
Irrigation System ◽  
Fertilizer Rate ◽  
Slow Release Fertilizer ◽  
Foliage Plant ◽  
Height Increase ◽  
Soluble Fertilizer ◽  
Fertilizer Rates ◽  
Lower Plant ◽  
Ebb And Flow

Abstract Three species of foliage plants were produced with three media, in an ebb and flow irrigation system (experiments 1 and 3) or with overhead manual irrigation (experiments 2 and 4). Expt. 1 used a constant feed program of 24N-3.5P-13K (24-8-16) soluble fertilizer added to the water supply at rates of 0.21, 0.42, 0.63 or 0.84 g/L. In experiments 2, 3 and 4, plants were fertilized with a constant feed program using the soluble fertilizer at 0.63 g/L or with a 19N-2.6P-10K (19-6-12) slow release fertilizer at rates of 2.5, 5.0 or 7.5 g/15 cm (6 in) pot. Plants produced in a Canadian sphagnum peat:pine bark mix were shorter and received lower plant grades compared to Fafard #4 and Vergro Container Mix. Height increase and plant grade for all plants was greater when fertilizer rate was increased from 0.21 to 0.42 g/L (0.79 to 1.58 g/gal), but height increase and plant grade did not improve much as fertilizer rates rose beyond 0.42 g/L (1.58 g/gal). In expt. 3, increase in height and plant grade for plants treated with 0.63 g/L (2.36 g/gal) soluble fertilizer was similar to height increase and plant grade for plants receiving the 5.0 and 7.5 g/15 cm pot slow release fertilizer.

scholarly journals Nitrogen, Phosphorus and Potassium Recovery of Container-Grown Red Oak and Blackgum Seedlings Under Different Fertilizer Application Methods

1995 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 169-175
Author(s):  
Daniel K. Struve
Keyword(s):  
Slow Release ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Fertilizer Application ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Red Oak ◽  
Plant Nutrient ◽  
Slow Release Fertilizer ◽  
Application Methods ◽  
Soluble Fertilizer ◽  
Daily Application

Abstract Red oak (Quercus rubra L.) and blackgum (Nyssa sylvatica L.) seedlings were grown under five fertilizer application methods: 60 or 30 g slow release fertilizer (21N-1.8P-8.3K: Woodace 21-4-10) with a daily application of 3.8 liters of 25 mg/liter N from a water soluble fertilizer (15N-6.9P-14.1K: 15-16-17 Peter's) or not, or 3.8 liters daily application of 25 mg/liter N from a water soluble fertilizer. The largest red oak and blackgum seedlings were grown under a combination of water soluble plus 60 g slow release fertilizer. Red oak N, P and K recovery rates ranged from 4.1 to 8.6%, 4.5 to 8.8% and 4.2 to 16.5%, respectively. Blackgum N, P and K recovery rates ranged from 12.1 to 19.2%, 15.5 to 23.6% and 13.7 to 37.8%. Plant growth (both dry weight and height) was more highly correlated with total plant nutrient content (mg N/plant) than with whole plant nutrient concentration (mg N/g dry weight), except for K in blackgum seedlings. The results suggest that red oak and blackgum seedling N and P nutritional status is more accurately predicted by plant height or dry weight than by tissue concentration.

scholarly journals (133) Influence of Two Types of Fertilizers on the Growth and Development of Tissue-cultured Daylilies Transferred to the Greenhouse

HortScience ◽  
2005 ◽  
Vol 40 (4) ◽  
pp. 1087A-1087
Author(s):  
Johnny Carter ◽  
Diondre Palmer ◽  
Lianghong Chen
Keyword(s):  
Growth And Development ◽  
Shoot Growth ◽  
Slow Release ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Maximum Growth ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Fertilizer Treatment ◽  
Slow Release Fertilizer ◽  
Randomized Complete Block Design ◽  
Soluble Fertilizer

During Summer 2004, a study was conducted to determine the effect of two types of fertilizers on the growth and development of tissue-cultured daylilies transferred to the greenhouse. Peters 20–20–20 water-soluble fertilizer and a slow-release fertilizer were the two fertilizers evaluated. Peters 20–20–20 fertilizer was used at 0 (control), 50, 100, and 200 mg·L–1 rates. The slow release fertilizer was used at 2.5 g per 10.2 cm pot. Each treatment was replicated four times in a randomized complete-block design. After 6 weeks of growth, the results showed that, when compared to the control, all treatments except for 200 mg·L–1 caused a significant increase in root growth. Shoot growth was significantly increased by the 100 mg·L–1 treatment, while the 200 mg·L–1 and slow-release treatments suppressed shoot growth. Similar to root and shoot growth, the 100 mg·L–1 treatment caused a significant increase in fresh weight, while the 200 mg·L–1 and slow-release treatments caused a reduction. These results imply that the 100 mg·L–1 Peters 20–20–20 fertilizer treatment is the best treatment for maximum growth and development of tissue-cultured daylilies transferred to the greenhouse.

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