Production of ectomycorrhizae on container-grown jack pine seedlings

1984 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 33-36 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. M. Danielson ◽  
S. Visser ◽  
D. Parkinson
Keyword(s):  
Jack Pine ◽  
Solid Carrier ◽  
Pine Seedlings ◽  
Mycorrhizal Development

Jack pine (Pinusbanksiana Lamb.) seedlings were grown for 20 weeks in a peat–vermiculite medium inoculated with solid carrier mycelial inoculum. The low fertilizer levels used resulted in seedling sizes below standard for outplanting but permitted mycorrhizal development by 9 of the 12 fungi tested. Greater than 90% of the short roots were infected when seedlings were inoculated with Thelephoraterrestris Ehrhart ex Fr., Laccariaproximo Boudier, Hebeloma sp., or E strain. About half the short roots were infected when Cenococcumgeophilum Fr., Pisolithustinctorius (Pers.) Coker & Couch, and Astraeushygrometricus (Pers.) Morgan were used. Thirty-two and 17% of the short roots were infected by Lactariusparadoxus Beardslee & Burlingham and Sphaerosporellabrunnea (Alb. & Schw. ex Fr.) Svrcek & Kubicka, respectively. Inoculation with Amphinemabyssoides (Fr.) J. Erikss., Hydnumimbricatum L. ex Fr., and Tricholomaflavovirens (Pers. ex Fr.) Lundell resulted in no infection.

Competitive interactions of ectomycorrhizal mycobionts under field conditions

1986 ◽  
Vol 64 (4) ◽  
pp. 848-852 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. J. McAfee ◽  
J. A. Fortin
Keyword(s):  
Lateral Root ◽  
Field Method ◽  
Jack Pine ◽  
Pisolithus Tinctorius ◽  
Field Conditions ◽  
Competitive Interactions ◽  
Laccaria Bicolor ◽  
Competitive Performance ◽  
Pine Seedlings ◽  
Mycorrhizal Development

A rapid field method to evaluate the competitive performance of selected ectomycorrhizal isolates is presented. Ectomycorrhizal jack pine seedlings and noninoculated controls produced in growth pouches were outplanted in diverse stations 1 month after inoculation. Photographs taken prior to outplanting and at the time of excavation permitted comparative observations of mycorrhizal development along each lateral root of individual seedlings. Nonmycorrhizal control seedlings showed 0, 20, 20, and 76% mycorrhizal development at the sterilized denuded, unsterilized denuded, burned, and undisturbed jack pine stand stations, respectively. To evaluate the postplanting performance of each isolate tested, an index of colonization and an index of competition were established. Laccaria bicolor was the best colonizer at all stations except the undisturbed jack pine stand, where Rhizopogon rubescens was the best colonizer and also the most competitive. Pisolithus tinctorius was not competitive with the indigenous mycota at the burned or the undisturbed jack pine stand stations.

scholarly journals MICROBIAL ACTIVITY AND MYCORRHIZAL POTENTIAL OF FOUR OVERBURDEN TYPES USED IN THE RECLAMATION OF EXTRACTED OIL SANDS

1983 ◽  
Vol 63 (2) ◽  
pp. 363-375 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. M. DANIELSON ◽  
S. VISSER ◽  
D. PARKINSON
Keyword(s):  
Microbial Biomass ◽  
Microbial Activity ◽  
Plant Species ◽  
Oil Sands ◽  
Microbial Respiration ◽  
Bottom Layer ◽  
Jack Pine ◽  
Litter Bags ◽  
Mycorrhizal Development ◽  
Slender Wheatgrass

Slender wheatgrass and jack pine were grown in the greenhouse in cores containing a bottom layer of extracted oil sands with four overburdens individually layered over the sand. The overburdens included a muskeg peat, two shallow mineral overburdens and a deep overburden. Mycorrhizal development, microbial respiration and biomass and the degree of decomposition of slender wheatgrass roots in litter bags were determined in each plant species-overburden combination. Both ecto- and vesicular-arbuscular (VA) mycorrhizal inoculum was present in all four overburdens. The symbionts of slender wheatgrass were the "fine endophyte" and Glomus aggregatum. VA development was very low in peat whereas plants in the shallow overburdens became heavily mycorrhizal. Infection did not spread from the overburden layer to roots in the tailing sand. Jack pine roots in the peat and two shallow overburdens were heavily infected after 4 months. The most common symbiont was an ascomycete known as the E-strain. Microbial respiration was highest in the peat and was not influenced by plant species. Microbial biomass was also highest in the peat and much lower in the mineral overburdens. Only in the peat was the amount of microbial biomass larger with slender wheatgrass than with jack pine. Slender wheatgrass roots decomposed most rapidly in the peat overburden and least rapidly in the deep overburden. Key words: Microbial activity, jack pine, slender wheatgrass, mycorrhizae, reclamation, oil sands

Applied gibberellin A4/7 increases ovulate strobili production in accelerated growth jack pine seedlings

1981 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 580-585 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert A. Cecich
Keyword(s):  
Growth Conditions ◽  
Jack Pine ◽  
Fourfold Increase ◽  
Pine Seedlings ◽  
Accelerated Growth

Jack pine (Pinusbanksiana Lamb.) seeds were sown in October, January, and March, and the seedlings were cultured under accelerated growth conditions in a greenhouse. At biweekly intervals, from May 15 to August 15, they were transplanted to a nearby nursery and sprayed with GA4/7 or GA4/7 + NAA. The following spring a fourfold increase in flowering was noted in trees receiving either of the GA4/7 treatments. Trees in the March sowing did not flower. The data suggest that the increased flowering was caused by GA4/7-mediated differentiation of lateral long-branch primordia into ovulate strobili.

Container Volume Affects Survival and Growth of White Spruce, Black Spruce, and Jack Pine Seedlings: A Literature Review

1988 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 185-189 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Craig Sutherland ◽  
Robert J. Day
Keyword(s):  
Literature Review ◽  
Seedling Growth ◽  
Black Spruce ◽  
Seedling Survival ◽  
White Spruce ◽  
Jack Pine ◽  
Greenhouse Production ◽  
Production Phase ◽  
Pine Seedlings ◽  
Survival And Growth

Abstract This paper is the first general review of the affects of container volume on the survival and growth of containerized white spruce, black spruce, and jack pine seedlings. The review shows that the literature on this topic is fragmentary and inconsistent. Seedling growth in the greenhouse production phase has been more completely quantified than subsequent establishment and growth after out-planting in the field. In the greenhouse production phase, seedling growth increased from 72 to 360% when the container volume was tripled in size. After outplanting in the field, seedling growth trends were more variable. Seedling height growth increased from 34 to 84% when container volume was tripled in size. Seedling survival was more difficult to assess because of limited data. Only white spruce showed a 10% increase in survival with an increase in container volume. The indications from this literature review suggest that nursery managers and practicing foresters should become more aware of the limitations imposed on seedling survival and growth due to container volume. To maintain optional survival and growth for white spruce, black spruce and jack pine, the container volume should range from 90 to 120 cm3. North. J. Appl. For. 5:185-189, Sept. 1988.

MULTIPLE JACK PINE SEEDLINGS

1965 ◽  
Vol 43 (4) ◽  
pp. 481-482 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. H. Cayford ◽  
R. M. Waldron
Keyword(s):  
Jack Pine ◽  
Pine Seedlings

The effectiveness of mycelial slurries of mycorrhizal fungi for the inoculation of container-grown jack pine seedlings

1984 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 140-142 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. M. Danielson ◽  
S. Visser ◽  
D. Parkinson
Keyword(s):  
Ectomycorrhizal Fungi ◽  
Mycorrhizal Fungi ◽  
Jack Pine ◽  
Considerable Time ◽  
Pine Seedlings ◽  
Inoculum Preparation

Mycelial slurries prepared from agar plates of ectomycorrhizal fungi were used to inoculate 7-week-old container-grown jack pine. Seven of 15 species formed mycorrhizae after 18 weeks and included Thelephoraterrestris Ehrhart ex Fr., Laccariaproximo Boudier, Hebeloma sp., Pisolithustinctoris (Pers.) Coker & Couch, Sphaerosporellabrunnea (Alb. & Schw. ex Fr.) Svrcek & Kubicka, Cenococcwngeophilum Fr., and an E strain (sensu Mikola) isolate. Species of Tricholoma, Suillus, Amphinema, and Hydnum failed to form mycorrhizae. The use of a mycelial slurry has the advantage of saving considerable time in inoculum preparation and should be useful for experimental purposes.

Epidemiology of comandra rust on jack pine and comandra in Minnesota

1976 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 326-334 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. R. Bergdahl ◽  
D. W. French
Keyword(s):  
Jack Pine ◽  
Main Stem ◽  
Pine Seedlings ◽  
Mist Chamber

In the greenhouse, comandra plants (Comandraumbellata (L.) Nutt. ssp. umbellata Piehl) inoculated with aeciospores of Cronartiumcomandrae Pk. became infected after only 6 h in a mist chamber. Plants became infected if misting was not delayed more than 8 days after inoculation with aeciospores.Rust developed on comandra more rapidly in open areas than in shaded areas. In open areas in the field, uredia occurred as early as May 17, and telia, as early as June 30. Some uredia were present until about July 28 and telia were present up to mid-August, by which time rust-infected comandra leaves had abscissed.Aeciospores were produced as early as May 13 on all twig, limb, and main-stem infections, but peak aeciospore production coincided with jack pine (Pinusdivaricata (Ait.) Dumont = P. banksiana Lamb.) pollination. Rodent damage to rust infections was associated with production of spores, especially of pycniospores. The period of maximum infection on 4-week-old pine seedlings occurred from mid-July through mid-August. The 4-week-old pine seedlings exposed during this period had up to 4.4 times more infection than older seedlings.

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