Estimating Weights of Tree Components of Lodgepole Pine from Large-Scale Aerial Photographs

1971 ◽  
Vol 1 (3) ◽  
pp. 193-194
Author(s):  
A. D. Kiil
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Lodgepole Pine ◽  
Tree Height ◽  
Aerial Photographs ◽  
Precise Estimate ◽  
Independent Variables ◽  
Crown Width ◽  
Air Photo ◽  
Total Tree ◽  
Fuel Components

Sixty-three lodgepole pine (Pinuscontorta Dougl. var. latifolia Engelm.) trees were measured on the ground, felled, and their crowns and stems were weighed. The combined independent variables of tree height and crown width gave the most precise estimate of fuel components. No significant differences were found between ground and air photo measurements of total tree height and crown width. Hence, the weight of all branchwood, entire crown, and entire tree can be estimated by the use of large-scale aerial photographs.

Lodgepole pine and white spruce crown fuel weights predicted from height and crown width

1989 ◽  
Vol 19 (4) ◽  
pp. 527-530 ◽  
Author(s):  
Allen F. Johnson ◽  
Paul M. Woodard ◽  
Stephen J. Titus
Keyword(s):  
Lodgepole Pine ◽  
Tree Height ◽  
White Spruce ◽  
Aerial Photographs ◽  
Allometric Model ◽  
Crown Width ◽  
Undisturbed Forest ◽  
Independent Variable ◽  
Total Tree ◽  
Diameter Classes

Equations were developed to predict the ovendry weight of the total crown, live crown, foliage, and the roundwood diameter classes of <0.5, 0.5–1.0, 1.0–3.0, 3.0–5.0, 5.0–7.0, 7.0–10.0 cm for lodgepole pine (n = 27) and white spruce (n = 23) occurring in Alberta, Canada. The nonlinear allometric model using total tree height and a measure of crown width provided high R2 and low SEE values. This precision could not be duplicated when total tree height was used as the only independent variable. Our results suggest the possibility of using tree height and crown width measured from aerial photographs to estimate standing live and dead fuel loadings in undisturbed forest stands.

Estimating ovendry mass of trembling aspen and white birch using measurements from aerial photographs

1986 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 163-165 ◽  
Author(s):  
I. S. Alemdag
Keyword(s):  
Pilot Study ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Tree Height ◽  
Aerial Photographs ◽  
Tree Biomass ◽  
White Birch ◽  
Crown Area ◽  
Preliminary Results ◽  
Total Tree ◽  
Whole Tree

A pilot study tested the estimation of stem, crown, and whole-tree biomass of single trees from measurements of total tree height and crown area taken from large-scale aerial photographs. The results indicated the feasibility of this method, provided that time of photography is optimal. More extensive testing is required to confirm these encouraging preliminary results.

Development of comandra blister rust on lodgepole pine

1990 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 159-165 ◽  
Author(s):  
Brian W. Geils ◽  
William R. Jacobi
Keyword(s):  
Lodgepole Pine ◽  
Tree Height ◽  
Infection Site ◽  
Canker Disease ◽  
Susceptibility To Infection ◽  
Blister Rust ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Central Rocky Mountains ◽  
Stem Cankers ◽  
Total Tree

The comandra blister rust parasite (Cronartiumcomandrae Pk.) causes a serious canker disease of lodgepole pine (Pinuscontorta Dougl. ex Loud. ssp. latifolia (Engelm.) Critch.) in the central Rocky Mountains. The expansion, longevity, and distribution of comandra blister rust cankers were studied by annual monitoring, reconstructing canker histories, and random sampling. In saplings, infections occur throughout the lower 80% of the crown; and branch cankers expand toward the bole at 2.5 cm•year−1, regardless of temperature, age, position, tree size, vigor, or susceptibility to infection. The proportion of branch cankers that develop into stem cankers decreases logistically both with distance from infection site to bole and with time since infection. Fewer than 50% of branch cankers that are farther than 20 cm from the bole or more than 8 years old are expected to establish stem cankers. The proportion of branch cankers that become stem cankers decreases with distance more rapidly for comandra blister rust than for other stem rusts. The mean height of stem cankers increases with total tree height, but cankers are uncommon at the top of the crown and low on the trunk of larger trees. The number of years for a canker to girdle its host equals the diameter of the stem at the center of the canker measured in centimetres. Because girdling cankers develop infrequently, slowly, and predictably, potential losses from comandra blister rust can be reduced by timely and appropriate removal of damaged trees.

scholarly journals A Comparison of Existing Models for DBH Estimation from Large-scale Photos

1989 ◽  
Vol 65 (2) ◽  
pp. 114-120 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. J. Hall ◽  
R. T. Morton ◽  
R. N. Nesby
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Prediction Models ◽  
Lodgepole Pine ◽  
Tree Height ◽  
White Spruce ◽  
Trembling Aspen ◽  
Crown Area ◽  
Balsam Poplar ◽  
Operational Test ◽  
Highly Correlated

The performance of 12 diameter prediction models suggested in the literature was studied in a controlled operational test. These models were linear and logarithmic transformations of tree height and/or crown area and were analyzed for white spruce, lodgepole pine, and trembling aspen and balsam poplar combined. Overall, all models were statistically significant, with differences due to variations in species and model form. Although simpler models may be adequate depending on operational objectives, two models emerged as deserving further investigation. It was unclear whether both tree height and crown area were needed as predictors of tree dbh for all species. Tree height was more highly correlated with dbh than crown area for all species except lodgepole pine. Measuring both tree height and crown area in comparison with tree height alone, however, increases measurement cost substantially from $10.29 to $17.50 per plot (1987 dollars).

Evaluation of a soft-copy photogrammetry system for tree-plot measurements

1993 ◽  
Vol 23 (9) ◽  
pp. 1781-1785 ◽  
Author(s):  
P.A. Gagnon ◽  
J.P. Agnard ◽  
C. Nolette
Keyword(s):  
Global Positioning System ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Tree Height ◽  
Aerial Photographs ◽  
Positioning System ◽  
Crown Diameter ◽  
Forest Inventories ◽  
Global Positioning ◽  
Soft Copy

This article describes and evaluates the application of a soft-copy photogrammetry system to large-scale forest inventories. A specially designed software, developed by the authors, has been investigated in terms of accuracy and general operability. Tests based on 1:1100 color aerial photographs, taken with a 10-m cross-boom system and digitized at resolutions of 300, 450, and 600 dots per inch, confirmed the expected tree-height accuracies of 48, 32, and 24 cm, respectively. This indicates that a photographic scale of 1:800 and a scanning resolution of 800 dots per inch could produce a tree-height precision of the order of 10 cm. The tests have shown that model orientation takes about 15 min; for a tree plot of 24 trees, measurements (height and crown diameter) and observations (species and condition) also take about 15 min. As the important problem of positioning a helicopter over a tree plot has now been solved using global positioning system receivers, the results and information presented in this paper indicate that the existing technology can provide a rigorous and operational photogrammetric system for large-scale forest inventories and regeneration monitoring.

scholarly journals DEVELOPMENT AND TESTING OF STAND MODELS FOR DOUGLAS FIR AND LODGEPOLE PINE

1964 ◽  
Vol 40 (4) ◽  
pp. 494-504 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. M. Newnham ◽  
J. H. G. Smith
Keyword(s):  
Lodgepole Pine ◽  
Basal Area ◽  
Tree Height ◽  
Douglas Fir ◽  
Crown Width ◽  
Research Technique

Methods used in the development and testing of stand models for Douglas fir and lodgepole pine are described briefly. Influence of spacings from 3.3 to 19.8 feet on number of trees per acre, basal area per acre, and average d.b.h. is shown graphically for Douglas fir. The importance of knowing distribution as well as amount of mortality is stressed and illustrated. Use of the model for studying thinning is described.Study of a lodgepole pine model, which also includes tree height and volume per acre, suggests that the general approach based on crown width and d.b.h. of open-grown trees could be applied to other species. Because of the ease and speed of manipulation of these models they could become an important operational and research technique.

scholarly journals Estimating Tree Diameter and Volume with a Taper Model and Large-Scale Photo Measurements

2001 ◽  
Vol 18 (4) ◽  
pp. 110-118 ◽  
Author(s):  
R.J. Hall ◽  
Y. Wang ◽  
D.J. Morgan
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Linear Models ◽  
Nonlinear Models ◽  
Model Development ◽  
Tree Height ◽  
Field Measurements ◽  
Tree Diameter ◽  
Volume Estimates ◽  
Total Tree ◽  
Taper Model

Abstract Large-scale photo (LSP) mensurational procedures were developed, in part, to reduce field costs by replacing much of the ground sampling with less expensive photo measurements. The conventional LSP approach uses photo measurements of tree height and crown area, which serve as independent variables in models, to predict tree diameter or volume. This study compared 18 linear and nonlinear model forms for estimating tree diameters and assessed the use of a provincial taper model to estimate total tree volume from LSP data. On average, linear models produce R2, root mean square error, and mean bias values that were at least equivalent to, if not statistically better than, nonlinear models for the range of data evaluated. For lodgepole pine, white spruce and a composite of two deciduous species (trembling aspen and balsam poplar), total volume estimates were not statistically different from those estimated from field measurements. A comparative analysis of LSP and field sampling costs suggests the use of taper models in LSP mensuration could save considerable cost and effort in data collection and model development. This finding may result in an increased use of LSP in operational forest inventory work. North J. Appl. For. 18(4):110–118.

THE INFLUENCE OF STAND DENSITY ON THE CORRELATION OF STEM DIAMETER WITH CROWN WIDTH AND HEIGHT FOR LODGEPOLE PINE

1964 ◽  
Vol 40 (3) ◽  
pp. 347-349 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. M. Bonnor
Keyword(s):  
Lodgepole Pine ◽  
Stand Density ◽  
Tree Height ◽  
Stem Diameter ◽  
Statistical Comparison ◽  
Crown Width ◽  
Similar Site

A statistical comparison of eight lodgepole pine plots of different stand density but of similar site and age revealed that stand density did not influence the correlation of stem diameter with crown width and tree height.

scholarly journals HOW TO ESTIMATE BLACK WATTLE ABOVEGROUND BIOMASS FROM HETEROSCEDASTIC DATA?

FLORESTA ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 51 (1) ◽  
pp. 028
Author(s):  
Thiago Wendling Gonçalves de Oliveira ◽  
Vinícius Morais Coutinho ◽  
Luan Demarco Fiorentin ◽  
Mateus Niroh Inoue Sanquetta ◽  
Carlos Roberto Sanquetta ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Aboveground Biomass ◽  
Nonlinear Models ◽  
Basic Density ◽  
Tree Height ◽  
Error Variance ◽  
Total Biomass ◽  
Independent Variables ◽  
Independent Variable ◽  
Black Wattle ◽  
Total Tree

This study developed a system of equations for predicting total aboveground and component biomass in black wattle trees. A total of 140 black wattle trees at age 10 years were measured regarding their diameter at 1.30 m height above the ground (d), total tree height (h), basic wood density (branches and stem), and biomass (stem, crown, and aboveground). We evaluated the performance of linear and nonlinear allometric models by comparing the statistics of R2adj., RRMSE%, and BIC. Nonlinear models performed better when predicting crown biomass (using only d as an independent variable), and stem and aboveground biomass (using d and h as independent variables). Adding basic density did not significantly improve biomass modeling. The residuals had non-homogeneous variance; thus, the fitted equations were weighted, with weights derived from a function containing the same independent variables of the fitted biomass function. Subsequently, we used a simultaneous set of equations to ensure that the sum of each component's estimated biomass values was equal to the total biomass values. Simultaneous fitting improved the performance of the equations by guaranteeing the components' additivity, and weighted regression allowed to stabilize error variance, ensuring the homoscedasticity of the residuals.

scholarly journals Biomass functions applicable to European beech

2012 ◽  
Vol 51 (No. 4) ◽  
pp. 147-154 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Cienciala ◽  
M. Černý ◽  
J. Apltauer ◽  
Z. Exnerová
Keyword(s):  
Tree Height ◽  
European Beech ◽  
Biomass Estimation ◽  
Managed Forests ◽  
Independent Variables ◽  
Breast Height ◽  
Allometric Functions ◽  
Branch Biomass ◽  
Independent Variable ◽  
Total Tree

This material describes parameterization of allometric functions applicable to biomass estimation of European beech trees. It is based on field data from destructive measurements of 20 full-grown trees with diameter at breast height (dbh) from 5.7 to 62.1 cm. The parameterization was performed for total tree aboveground biomass (AB; besides stump), stem and branch biomass, respectively. The allometric functions contained two or three parameters and used dbh either as a single independent variable or in combination with tree height (H). These functions explained 97 to 99% of the variability in the measured AB. The most successful equation was that using both dbh and H as independent variables in combination with three fitted parameters. H, as the second independent variable, had rather a small effect on improving the estimation: in the case of AB, H as independent variable improved prediction accuracy by 1&ndash;2% whereas in the case of branch biomass by about 5%. The parameterized biomass equations are applicable to tree specimens of European beech grown in typically managed forests.

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