REARRANGEMENT STUDIES WITH C14: V. THE SOLVOLYSIS OF 2-PHENYLETHYL-1-C14p-TOLUENESULPHONATE

1957 ◽  
Vol 35 (12) ◽  
pp. 1417-1422 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. C. Lee ◽  
G. P. Slater ◽  
J. W. T. Spinks
Keyword(s):  
Acetic Acid ◽  
Formic Acid ◽  
Glacial Acetic Acid ◽  
Ion Pair ◽  
Absolute Ethanol ◽  
Solvent Systems ◽  
Anhydrous Formic Acid

The solvolysis of 2-phenylethyl-1-C14p-toluenesulphonate in absolute ethanol, glacial acetic acid, 90% formic acid, and anhydrous formic acid gave rise to products which showed rearrangements of the C14-labeled atoms from the C-1 to the C-2 positions to the extent of 0.3%, 5.5%, 40%, and 45%, respectively. The results constitute an unequivocal proof that phenyl participation occurs in the reactions studied. The different degrees of rearrangement found for the different solvent systems are in agreement with the concept that the solvolysis process may have a range of mechanisms between the two extremes of the nucleophilic or SN2 type and the limiting or SN1 type. In the solvolysis in absolute ethanol, a small amount of "unreacted" 2-phenylethyl p-toluenesulphonate recovered from the reaction mixture was found to show isotope position rearrangement of almost the same degree as the ethanolysis product. This finding is tentatively attributed to the phenomenon of internal return involving an ethyl-phenonium p-toluenesulphonate ion-pair.

scholarly journals Synthesis of New Substituted Tetrazole and 4-Thiazolidinone from Schiff's Bases

2020 ◽  
Vol 63 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-11
Author(s):  
Amena Alyas Ahmed ◽  
Natiq Ghanim Ahmed ◽  
Ahmad Khuder Ahmad
Keyword(s):  
Acetic Acid ◽  
13C Nmr ◽  
Nmr Spectra ◽  
Glacial Acetic Acid ◽  
Thioglycolic Acid ◽  
Absolute Ethanol ◽  
13C Nmr Spectra ◽  
Schiff’S Bases ◽  
Schiff's Bases ◽  
Tetrazole Derivatives

  The present work involved the synthesis of compound (1) (1-amino-4-methyl-6-phenyl pyrimidine- 2-(1H)-thione). This compound reacts with different aromatic aldehyde using glacial acetic acid as catalytic on absolute ethanol to give a new series of Schiff's bases (2-7). New thiazolidine-4-one were prepared from reactions of Schiff's bases (2,3,4,7) with thioglycolic acid in absolute ethanol giving compounds (8-11). Finally the preparation of new tetrazole derivatives (12-15) by reaction of Schiff's bases (2,3,4,7) with sodium azide in THF. The structure of the synthesized compounds are confirmed by I.R., 1H-NMR and 13C-NMR spectra and some physical  data.  

scholarly journals Synthesis and Antiviral Activity of Quercetin Brominated Derivatives

2015 ◽  
Vol 10 (9) ◽  
pp. 1934578X1501000 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elza Karimova ◽  
Lidia Baltina ◽  
Leonid Spirikhin ◽  
Tagir Gabbasov ◽  
Yana Orshanskaya ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Culture ◽  
Influenza Virus ◽  
Acetic Acid ◽  
Antiviral Activity ◽  
Pandemic Influenza ◽  
Mdck Cell ◽  
Inhibitory Activity ◽  
Glacial Acetic Acid ◽  
Absolute Ethanol ◽  
Influenza Virus A

Reaction of quercetin (QR) (1) with bromine under various conditions was studied. Interaction of QR with 2–3 equiv. of bromine in glacial acetic acid at 35–40°C for 2–4 h and 20–22°C for 24 h led to the formation of QR 6,8-dibromide (2) (52–54% yields, 96–98% purity by HPLC). Interaction of QR with 2–5 equiv. bromine in absolute ethanol at 0–5°C and 20–22°C for 24 h led to the formation of 3- O-ethyl-QR-2,3,6,8,5′-pentabromide (3) (95–97% purity by HPLC) the output of which depends on the quantity of bromine. It was shown in MDCK cell culture that compound 2 exhibits a moderate inhibitory activity against pandemic influenza virus A/H1N1/pdm09 (EC50 6.0 μg/mL, CTD50 97.7 μg/mL, SI 16). Compound 3 was inactive.

scholarly journals Effect of Changing Solvents on Poly(-Caprolactone) Nanofibrous Webs Morphology

2011 ◽  
Vol 2011 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Gholipour Kanani ◽  
S. Hajir Bahrami
Keyword(s):  
Acetic Acid ◽  
Formic Acid ◽  
Glacial Acetic Acid ◽  
Methylene Chloride ◽  
Polymer Concentration ◽  
Average Diameter ◽  
Solution Concentration ◽  
Electrospinning Process ◽  
Poly Caprolactone ◽  
Successful Production

Polycaprolactone nanofibers were prepared using five different solvents (glacial acetic acid, 90% acetic acid, methylene chloride/DMF 4/1, glacial formic acid, and formic acid/acetone 4/1) by electrospinning process. The effect of solution concentrations (5%, 10%, 15% and 20%) and applied voltages during spinning (10 KV to 20 KV) on the nanofibers formation, morphology, and structure were investigated. SEM micrographs showed successful production of PCL nanofibers with different solvents. With increasing the polymer concentration, the average diameter of nanofibers increases. In glacial acetic acid solvent, above 15% concentration bimodal web without beads was obtained. In MC/DMF beads was observed only at 5% solution concentration. However, in glacial formic acid a uniform web without beads were obtained above 10% and the nanofibers were brittle. In formic acid/acetone solution the PCL web formed showed lots of beads along with fine fibers. Increasing applied voltage resulted in fibers with larger diameter.

Nonaqueous Titration of Halides of Nitrogenous Bases, Using Trifluoromethyl Sulfonic Acid

1986 ◽  
Vol 69 (4) ◽  
pp. 620-624 ◽  
Author(s):  
N Aziz Zakhari ◽  
K Artur Kovar
Keyword(s):  
Acetic Acid ◽  
Acetic Anhydride ◽  
Perchloric Acid ◽  
Sulfonic Acid ◽  
Glacial Acetic Acid ◽  
Visual Detection ◽  
Phenothiazine Derivatives ◽  
Solvent Systems ◽  
Anhydrous Acetic Acid

Abstract Trifluoromethyl sulfonic acid in glacial acetic acid has been compared with perchloric acid as a titrant in 4 solvent systems: glacial acetic acid, acetic anhydride, a mixture of both, and acetone. The comparison was limited to the determination of halides of nitrogenous bases with and without the use of mercury(II) acetate reagent. The results of the visual titrations showed that both acids are comparable tit rants. However, trifluoromethyl sulfonic acid proved to be superior to perchloric acid in potentiometric titrations carried out in acetic acid-acetic anhydride mixtures. Moreover, the nonoxidizing properties exhibited by trifluoromethyl sulfonic acid proved advantageous over perchloric acid in the visual detection of end points in the titration of phenothiazine derivatives in anhydrous acetic acid, using crystal violet indicator.

scholarly journals Polyploidy and Maturation of Rat Megakaryocytes

Blood ◽  
1968 ◽  
Vol 32 (3) ◽  
pp. 505-505
Author(s):  
T. T. Odell ◽  
C. W. Jackson
Keyword(s):  
Acetic Acid ◽  
Glacial Acetic Acid ◽  
Absolute Ethanol

Abstract In Polypliidy and Maturation of Rat Megakaryocytes, by O’Dell and Jackson (Blood 32: No. 1, July, 102-110, 1968), there appeared two typographical errors. Page 103, line 10 should read "The smears were air-dried for at least one hour and then fixed in Carnoy’s fixative (6 parts absolute ethanol: 3 parts chloroform: 1 part glacial acetic acid) for 45 min." Page 108, Table 3, the second row of figures, horizontally, should read "8, 39, 22, 12, 3."

Collaborative Study of a Method for the Identification of Afiatoxin B1 by Derivative Formation

1967 ◽  
Vol 50 (2) ◽  
pp. 354-360 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leonard Stoloff
Keyword(s):  
Acetic Acid ◽  
Formic Acid ◽  
Silica Gel ◽  
Thionyl Chloride ◽  
Trifluoroacetic Acid ◽  
Glacial Acetic Acid ◽  
Collaborative Study ◽  
Side Reaction ◽  
Chromatographic Behavior ◽  
Definition Of

Abstract A modification of the Andrellos procedure for identification of afiatoxin B1 was studied collaboratively in 19 laboratories. The procedure, based on the altered chromatographic behavior of the afiatoxin after reactions with trifluoroacetic acid, formic acid/thionyl chloride, and glacial acetic acid/thionyl chloride, was modified by an improved silica gel column cleanup and a clearer definition of sources of difficulty. Each collaborator examined 3 extract samples: two naturally contaminated with 5 μg afiatoxin B1/sample, and one aflatoxin-free extract to which an afiatoxin B2 artifact was added. No false identifications were made. Sixteen laboratories obtained reasonably good results with the trifluoroacetic acid and formic acid/thionyl chloride reagents. Twelve laboratories obtained reasonably good results with the acetic acid/thionyl chloride reagent but there was general difficulty with a side reaction assumed to be caused by inability to maintain anhydrous conditions. The method was recommended for adoption as official, first action.

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