La cartographie d'excavation en géologie urbaine—application à la région de Montréal

1976 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 243-250
Author(s):  
Marc Durand
Keyword(s):  
Construction Cost ◽  
Site Conditions ◽  
Early Paleozoic ◽  
Geological Features ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Géologie Urbaine

Geological events dating back to the early Paleozoic (500 million years) have produced marked bedrock conditions in the Montreal area. The geological features are sometimes of importance to the execution and the cost of engineering works.Boreholes provide samples and data on the subsurface conditions, but cannot yield as much information as an open excavation. Detailed surveys of exposed cuts supplement the results of preliminary borings and confirm or modify their conclusions. These could sometimes mean appreciable savings on the construction cost or warnings of foundation designs not suited to actual site conditions. [Traduit par la revue]

scholarly journals The Analysis of Small Investors’ Demands on a Thermal Insulation System for a Family House: A Case Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (5) ◽  
pp. 2491
Author(s):  
Alena Tažiková ◽  
Zuzana Struková ◽  
Mária Kozlovská
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Thermal Insulation ◽  
Construction Cost ◽  
Environmental Cost ◽  
Multi Criteria Decision Making ◽  
Insulation System ◽  
Insulation Systems ◽  
Small Investors ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Family House

This study deals with small investors’ demands on thermal insulation systems when choosing the most suitable solution for a family house. By 2050, seventy percent of current buildings, including residential buildings, are still expected to be in operation. To reach carbon neutrality, it is necessary to reduce operational energy consumption and thus reduce the related cost of building operations and the cost of the life cycle of buildings. One solution is to adapt envelopes of buildings by proper insulation solutions. To choose an optimal thermal insulation system that will reduce energy consumption of building, it is necessary to consider the environmental cost of insulation materials in addition to the construction cost of the materials. The environmental cost of a material depends on the carbon footprint from the initial origin of the material. This study presents the results of a multi-criteria decision-making analysis, where five different contractors set the evaluation criteria for selection of the optimal thermal insulation system. In their decision-making, they involved the requirements of small investors. The most common requirements were selected: the construction cost, the construction time (represented by the total man-hours), the thermal conductivity coefficient, the diffusion resistance factor, and the reaction to fire. The confidences of the criteria were then determined with the help of the pairwise comparison method. This was followed by multi-criteria decision-making using the method of index coefficients, also known as the method of basic variant. The multi-criteria decision-making included thermal insulation systems based on polystyrene, mineral wool, thermal insulation plaster, and aerogels’ nanotechnology. As a result, it was concluded that, currently, in Slovakia, small investors emphasize the cost of material and the coefficient of thermal conductivity and they do not care as much about the carbon footprint of the material manufacturing, the importance of which is mentioned in this study.

scholarly journals Hospital Construction Cost Affecting Their Lifecycle: An Italian Overview

Healthcare ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (7) ◽  
pp. 888
Author(s):  
Leopoldo Sdino ◽  
Andrea Brambilla ◽  
Marta Dell’Ovo ◽  
Benedetta Sdino ◽  
Stefano Capolongo
Keyword(s):  
Healthcare Services ◽  
Construction Cost ◽  
Design Stage ◽  
Quality Healthcare ◽  
Healthcare Facilities ◽  
Early Design Stage ◽  
Hospital Facility ◽  
Italian Context ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Cost Components

The need for 24/7 operation, and the increasing requests of high-quality healthcare services contribute to framing healthcare facilities as a complex topic, also due to the changing and challenging environment and huge impact on the community. Due to its complexity, it is difficult to properly estimate the construction cost in a preliminary phase where easy-to-use parameters are often necessary. Therefore, this paper aims to provide an overview of the issue with reference to the Italian context and proposes an estimation framework for analyzing hospital facilities’ construction cost. First, contributions from literature reviews and 14 case studies were analyzed to identify specific cost components. Then, a questionnaire was administered to construction companies and experts in the field to obtain data coming from practical and real cases. The results obtained from all of the contributions are an overview of the construction cost components. Starting from the data collected and analyzed, a preliminary estimation tool is proposed to identify the minimum and maximum variation in the cost when programming the construction of a hospital, starting from the feasibility phase or the early design stage. The framework involves different factors, such as the number of beds, complexity, typology, localization, technology degree and the type of maintenance and management techniques. This study explores the several elements that compose the cost of a hospital facility and highlights future developments including maintenance and management costs during hospital facilities’ lifecycle.

scholarly journals Hybrid Input-Output Analysis of Embodied Carbon and Construction Cost Differences between New-Build and Refurbished Projects

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (9) ◽  
pp. 3229 ◽  
Author(s):  
Craig Langston ◽  
Edwin Chan ◽  
Esther Yung
Keyword(s):  
Hong Kong ◽  
Life Cycle ◽  
Construction Cost ◽  
Embodied Energy ◽  
Output Analysis ◽  
Embodied Carbon ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Cost Differences ◽  
Cost Differentials ◽  
Strong Linear Relationship

Refurbishing buildings helps reduce waste, and limiting the amount of embodied carbon in buildings helps minimize the damaging impacts of climate change through lower CO2 emissions. The analysis of embodied carbon is based on the concept of life cycle assessment (LCA). LCA is a systematic tool to evaluate the environmental impacts of a product, technology, or service through all stages of its life cycle. This study investigates the embodied carbon footprint of both new-build and refurbished buildings to determine the embodied carbon profile and its relationship to both embodied energy and construction cost. It recognizes that changes in the fuel mix for electricity generation play an important role in embodied carbon impacts in different countries. The empirical findings for Hong Kong suggest that mean embodied carbon for refurbished buildings is 33–39% lower than new-build projects, and the cost for refurbished buildings is 22–50% lower than new-build projects (per square meter of floor area). Embodied carbon ranges from 645–1059 kgCO2e/m2 for new-build and 294–655 kgCO2e/m2 for refurbished projects, which is in keeping with other studies outside Hong Kong. However, values of embodied carbon and cost for refurbished projects in this study have a higher coefficient of variation than their new-build counterparts. It is argued that it is preferable to estimate embodied energy and then convert to embodied carbon (rather than estimate embodied carbon directly), as carbon is both time and location specific. A very strong linear relationship is also observed between embodied energy and construction cost that can be used to predict the former, given the latter. This study provides a framework whereby comparisons can be made between new-build and refurbished projects on the basis of embodied carbon and related construction cost differentials into the future, helping to make informed decisions about which strategy to pursue.

scholarly journals Estimation of near-surface attenuation in the tectonically complex contact area of the Northwestern External Dinarides and the Adriatic foreland

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Snježana Markušić ◽  
Davor Stanko ◽  
Tvrtko Korbar ◽  
Ivica Sović
Keyword(s):  
Amplitude Spectrum ◽  
Seismic Source ◽  
Propagation Path ◽  
Site Conditions ◽  
Coda Q ◽  
Near Surface ◽  
Contour Lines ◽  
Geological Features ◽  
A Site ◽  
External Dinarides

Abstract. Seismic-induced ground motion at a site is generally influenced by seismic source, propagation path and local site conditions. Over the last several decades, researchers have consistently asserted that for near site attenuation, the spectral parameter kappa is subject primarily to site conditions. In this research we estimated parameter kappa based on the acceleration amplitude spectrum of shear waves, from the selected recordings of local earthquakes from seismological stations situated in the western part of Croatia from the slope of the high-frequency part. The spatial distribution of individual kappa values is compared with the azimuthal distribution of earthquake epicentres, with Vs30 values and the published coda-Q values for each station, as well as with isoseismal maps for several stronger events in the investigated area, along with the geological features. The dextral shift of crustal segments and frontal thrust of the External Dinarides along the Kvarner fault zone has probably had an impact on the geometry of the kappa parameter contour lines. These results are important for gaining further insight into the attenuation of near-surface crust layers in the Northwestern External Dinarides and the associated Adriatic foreland, as well as in similar geotectonic settings.

scholarly journals Study on Key Cost Drivers of Prefabricated Buildings Based on System Dynamics

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-12
Author(s):  
Na Lou ◽  
Jingjuan Guo
Keyword(s):  
Cost Control ◽  
Rapid Development ◽  
Construction Cost ◽  
Cost Driver ◽  
Systematic Research ◽  
Cost Drivers ◽  
Building Cost ◽  
Cost Constraints ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Prefabricated Building

The prefabricated building as a major initiative has been put forward by China in recent years to promote the transformation and upgrading of the construction industry, but its rapid development also faces high cost constraints. Therefore, it is necessary and urgent to study the key cost drivers and cost control paths of prefabricated buildings. Most of the current research focuses on the construction cost of prefabricated building as a static object. This article, on the other hand, regards the construction cost of prefabricated building as a dynamic formation process and conducts systematic research from product systems, technical systems, construction processes, and management modes. The influence factors of prefabricated building cost are defined and screened with the help of HSM and previous research results. A cause-and-effect model and cost control model of prefabricated building cost driver are established. Based on the model test of the actual project, the cost generation of prefabricated buildings is simulated. Through sensitivity analysis, key cost drivers of prefabricated building are identified and ranked as degree of design standardization, unit price, prefabrication rate, information technology level, transportation mode, labor level, machinery level, transportation distance, etc. Accordingly, corresponding strategies are proposed for the cost control of prefabricated buildings.

scholarly journals Research on the Fine Cost Management of Port Engineering Project Based on BIM

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 42
Author(s):  
Jian Yin ◽  
Huiyun Zhou ◽  
Jing Yang
Keyword(s):  
Cost Management ◽  
Construction Cost ◽  
Economic Benefits ◽  
Construction Process ◽  
Engineering Project ◽  
Whole Process ◽  
Project Construction ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Port Engineering ◽  
Very High

<p>With the development of economic globalization, the scale of international trade continues to expand. Ports are very important for cross regional transactions. However, the construction cost is also very high in the actual construction process because port engineering is a relatively large project. Cost management can effectively control the cost and improve the economic benefits of port engineering project construction. The traditional cost management model has been unable to meet the needs because the construction cost control is a dynamic process and runs through the whole process of the project. BIM information technology is a technology with engineering digital model as the core. Based on BIM, this article studies the refined cost management of port engineering project, and aims to provide some help for relevant practitioners.</p>

scholarly journals THE IMPACT OF LOGISTICS ON THE COST OF PREFABRICATED CONSTRUCTION

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 65-71
Author(s):  
Alena Tažiková ◽  
Zuzana Struková
Keyword(s):  
Construction Cost ◽  
Transport Cost ◽  
Construction Time ◽  
System A ◽  
Construction Contractor ◽  
Rational Construction ◽  
The Cost ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Family House ◽  
Construction System

The aim of the paper is to emphasize the need for logistics planning in prefabricated construction in Slovakia. A construction contractor can achieve profit and efficiency of a construction project through well-managed resource logistics. Moreover, it helps to ensure the competitiveness of prefabricated construction compared to traditional on-site construction. In the case study of a wood-based family house, the construction cost and the transport cost are analysed in relation to available logistics chains. Three variants of wood-based construction systems are adopted in the study: the column-beam construction system, the construction system based on Structural Insulated Panels (SIPs) and the panel construction system. The results of the study found that the transport cost does not represent a large share of the total construction cost of the wood-based family house. This applies to all three variants of the construction system. A well-planned logistics of resources – people, materials, machines – can help to achieve an efficient and rational construction cost and construction time of a project. Thus, a client of a wood-based prefabricated building does not have to worry that the transport cost related to the transport of large, prefabricated components will make the construction of the building markedly more expensive.

scholarly journals Productivity and costs of the mechanised cut-to-length wood harvesting system in clear-felling operations

2008 ◽  
Vol 53 (No. 10) ◽  
pp. 476-482 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Jiroušek ◽  
R. Klvač ◽  
A. Skoupý
Keyword(s):  
Cost Function ◽  
Labour Productivity ◽  
Regression Function ◽  
Site Conditions ◽  
Regression Equations ◽  
Technical Parameters ◽  
Wood Harvesting ◽  
Two Factors ◽  
The Cost

A study of labour productivity was conducted in fully mechanised harvesting technologies. The study revealed that the productivity of harvesters was particularly affected by the average tree volume of the felled trees, and the productivity of forwarders was affected mainly by two factors – haulage distance and machine payload. Dependences of other factors such as natural and site conditions, technical parameters and skills of operators could not be demonstrated. Regression equations of dependences were created for all these three significant criteria and costs per cubic meter of processed timber were calculated for them according to the cost function. A regression function was then developed for the forwarder that takes into account both significant criteria influencing the forwarder productivity.

Construction Cost for Soil Excavation (Cut and Fill) on-Site: Computer Based Program Analysis

2021 ◽  
Vol 02 (02) ◽  
Author(s):  
Anas Ahmed Abdelbagi Hamad ◽  
◽  
Azri Ikhwan Lokman ◽  
Lim Qian Xi ◽  
Mohammad Raziq Fakhrullah ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Program Analysis ◽  
Construction Cost ◽  
Excavation Process ◽  
Mathematical Problems ◽  
Computer Based ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Soil Excavation ◽  
Bill Of Quantity ◽  
Manual Calculation ◽  
Cut And Fill

Excavation is an important part of any construction project whereby removing earth to form cavity in the ground. This paper mainly focuses on cut and fill excavation by identify the cost of labor, material and equipment. Besides that, this paper aims to have better understanding on Bill of Quantity using coding. The method implemented for this study is using GNU Octave, version 6.2.0 and manual calculation to calculate the construction cost incurred during excavation process. Referring to the manual calculation, the overall cost obtained for the project is RM27352.15 whereas using GNU Octave software obtained for the project is RM27352.15. Thus, both GNU Octave software and manual calculation has zero percent difference. Octave is a computer programme that is designed for numerical computations and able to solve linear and nonlinear mathematical problems.

Multi-objective process optimization for construction

1992 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 129-136 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter Chang ◽  
Leonhard Bernold
Keyword(s):  
Goal Programming ◽  
Optimization Method ◽  
Construction Cost ◽  
Construction Process ◽  
Trade Off ◽  
Process Duration ◽  
Multi Objective ◽  
Conflicting Objectives ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Construction Optimization

Much of the existing work in construction analysis focuses on determining the construction cost based on an allowable project duration. In this type of construction analysis, two important questions are not considered. First, is the construction cost minimized for the allowable process duration? Second, would a small change in the process duration result in a significant change in the cost of the project? An optimization method is proposed to answer these questions. The approach consists of an integration of computer simulation with goal programming. The optimization method proposed allows one to assign priorities to the various design objectives such as cost and duration, which avoids the need to use subjective weights. Furthermore, since the approach simulates the construction process by computer, it can be applied to any repetitive construction process. In addition to the capability of the model to provide a single optimal solution to a construction optimization problem, it can be used to determine the trade-off between conflicting objectives. Examples are presented to illustrate the formulation process and the capabilities as a decision-making tool for construction. It is shown that the trade-off curves produced by the proposed model can provide useful information on the cost implications of various design variables, as well as on the trade-offs that exist among them. Key words: construction optimization, multi-objective optimization, goal programming, trade-off analysis, simulation.

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