scholarly journals The Analysis of Small Investors’ Demands on a Thermal Insulation System for a Family House: A Case Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (5) ◽  
pp. 2491
Author(s):  
Alena Tažiková ◽  
Zuzana Struková ◽  
Mária Kozlovská
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Thermal Insulation ◽  
Construction Cost ◽  
Environmental Cost ◽  
Multi Criteria Decision Making ◽  
Insulation System ◽  
Insulation Systems ◽  
Small Investors ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Family House

This study deals with small investors’ demands on thermal insulation systems when choosing the most suitable solution for a family house. By 2050, seventy percent of current buildings, including residential buildings, are still expected to be in operation. To reach carbon neutrality, it is necessary to reduce operational energy consumption and thus reduce the related cost of building operations and the cost of the life cycle of buildings. One solution is to adapt envelopes of buildings by proper insulation solutions. To choose an optimal thermal insulation system that will reduce energy consumption of building, it is necessary to consider the environmental cost of insulation materials in addition to the construction cost of the materials. The environmental cost of a material depends on the carbon footprint from the initial origin of the material. This study presents the results of a multi-criteria decision-making analysis, where five different contractors set the evaluation criteria for selection of the optimal thermal insulation system. In their decision-making, they involved the requirements of small investors. The most common requirements were selected: the construction cost, the construction time (represented by the total man-hours), the thermal conductivity coefficient, the diffusion resistance factor, and the reaction to fire. The confidences of the criteria were then determined with the help of the pairwise comparison method. This was followed by multi-criteria decision-making using the method of index coefficients, also known as the method of basic variant. The multi-criteria decision-making included thermal insulation systems based on polystyrene, mineral wool, thermal insulation plaster, and aerogels’ nanotechnology. As a result, it was concluded that, currently, in Slovakia, small investors emphasize the cost of material and the coefficient of thermal conductivity and they do not care as much about the carbon footprint of the material manufacturing, the importance of which is mentioned in this study.

Simulation and Measurement of Hygrothermal Behaviour of Newly Developed Plasters

2016 ◽  
Vol 824 ◽  
pp. 598-605
Author(s):  
Jitka Hroudova ◽  
Martin Sedlmajer ◽  
Vitezslav Novak ◽  
Jiri Zach
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Insulation ◽  
Lightweight Aggregate ◽  
Energy Performance ◽  
Existing Buildings ◽  
Insulation System ◽  
Architectural Features ◽  
Harmful Emissions ◽  
Heat And Moisture Transport ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Heat And Moisture

Recently, there has been increased interest in the rehabilitation of existing buildings especially in order to improve their energy performance. Thermal insulation brings not only savings in the cost of heating or cooling but also contributes to the reduction of harmful emissions such as carbon dioxide, sulphur dioxide or nitrogen dioxide. However, the thermal insulation of historical buildings or buildings listed as cultural heritage brings some problems due to architectural features. It is therefore necessary to choose an alternative whether it is the use of an internal thermal insulation system or to repair and rehabilitate the existing plaster with materials compatible with the original ones. The newly developed thermal insulation plasters based on silicate and using lightweight aggregate and natural fibres are optimum materials for the thermal insulation of both existing and newly constructed buildings. The paper describes the results of research focused on the examination of the behaviour of thermal insulation plaster mainly in terms of heat and moisture transport. Using a computational programme, this behaviour was simulated for a chosen detail of a real building in the vicinity of a window jamb.

scholarly journals THE IMPACT OF LOGISTICS ON THE COST OF PREFABRICATED CONSTRUCTION

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 65-71
Author(s):  
Alena Tažiková ◽  
Zuzana Struková
Keyword(s):  
Construction Cost ◽  
Transport Cost ◽  
Construction Time ◽  
System A ◽  
Construction Contractor ◽  
Rational Construction ◽  
The Cost ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Family House ◽  
Construction System

The aim of the paper is to emphasize the need for logistics planning in prefabricated construction in Slovakia. A construction contractor can achieve profit and efficiency of a construction project through well-managed resource logistics. Moreover, it helps to ensure the competitiveness of prefabricated construction compared to traditional on-site construction. In the case study of a wood-based family house, the construction cost and the transport cost are analysed in relation to available logistics chains. Three variants of wood-based construction systems are adopted in the study: the column-beam construction system, the construction system based on Structural Insulated Panels (SIPs) and the panel construction system. The results of the study found that the transport cost does not represent a large share of the total construction cost of the wood-based family house. This applies to all three variants of the construction system. A well-planned logistics of resources – people, materials, machines – can help to achieve an efficient and rational construction cost and construction time of a project. Thus, a client of a wood-based prefabricated building does not have to worry that the transport cost related to the transport of large, prefabricated components will make the construction of the building markedly more expensive.

Development of Out-Wall External Thermal Insulation System Based on Rock-Wool

2012 ◽  
Vol 174-177 ◽  
pp. 1589-1592
Author(s):  
Ming Gang Xu ◽  
Xu Wang ◽  
Zhuo Wei Ding
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Insulation ◽  
Thermal Conductivity Coefficient ◽  
Outer Wall ◽  
Sound Insulation ◽  
Insulation System ◽  
Stable Chemical ◽  
Insulation Systems ◽  
Saving Measure ◽  
Insulation Performance ◽  
Rock Wool

The outer-wall thermal insulation system has been wide used in civil engineering as an effective energy-saving measure. At present, the organic flammable thermal insulation materials such as EPS and XPS are used in outer-wall thermal insulation system in China, which leads to great fire damage probably. The rock-wool is described in detail on its merits such as good thermal insulation performance, good sound insulation performance, light weight, low thermal conductivity coefficient, incombustibility, innocuity and stable chemical capability. Two popular outer-wall external thermal insulation systems are introduced. The construction sequence of the outer-wall external thermal insulation system with rock-wool slabs, mortar and thin layer plastering technology is described.

scholarly journals Testing of biocidal properties of thermal insulation system during material life cycle

2021 ◽  
Vol 1205 (1) ◽  
pp. 012022
Author(s):  
I Kukletova ◽  
I Chromkova
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Insulation ◽  
Laboratory Experiments ◽  
Resistance Testing ◽  
Accelerated Ageing ◽  
Insulation System ◽  
Time Period ◽  
Biological Attack ◽  
Time Problem ◽  
Insulation Systems ◽  
Short Time

Abstract With the growing number of realized thermal insulation systems, fast growing number of buildings with facades attacked by microorganisms occurs. Such surface attack can occur even in the first years after thermal insulation completion, and it can be a serious problem in a very short time. Problem is both in realization and maintaining of thermal insulation, and directly in the used material. The paper presents results of laboratory experiments on resistance to biological attack, carried out for five commercial materials available on the Czech market. Before the experiments, materials were subjected to accelerated ageing for 4 and 10 years. Resistance testing comprises regulated application of algae and mould strains on samples and incubation in a defined environment. Materials resistant after ageing simulation of the longer time period were found as well as materials susceptible to attack already after completion of a facade set.

Analysis on Life Cycle Cost and Economic Benefits of Self-Thermal Insulation System of Three Different External Walls in Changsha in China

2011 ◽  
Vol 374-377 ◽  
pp. 1438-1441
Author(s):  
Zhen Sha ◽  
Nian Ping Li ◽  
Bai Jun Wang ◽  
Yong Yang ◽  
Zhen Hui Xiao
Keyword(s):  
Energy Saving ◽  
Thermal Insulation ◽  
Life Cycle Cost ◽  
Economic Benefits ◽  
Practical Significance ◽  
Analysis Model ◽  
Insulation System ◽  
External Wall ◽  
Insulation Systems ◽  
Present Worth

The mathematical analysis model of LCC of self-thermal insulation system of external wall that is applicable to Changsha region is established by using degree days and present worth factor. And the LCC of three commonly used self-thermal insulation systems in Changsha is analyzed by using this model. Analysis results have proven that self-thermal insulation system of external wall has very significant comprehensive economic benefits compared with the wall that energy-saving measures are not taken, and it has an important practical significance to promote the development of energy-saving building in Changsha, China．

scholarly journals Selecting Optimal Pedestrian Crossing Using Multi-criteria Decision-making

2012 ◽  
Vol 22 (2) ◽  
pp. 105-116 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ljupko Šimunović ◽  
Ivan Grgurević ◽  
Jasmina Pašagić Škrinjar
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Optimal Solution ◽  
Multi Criteria Decision Making ◽  
Rational Analysis ◽  
Safety Level ◽  
Persons With Disabilities ◽  
The Road ◽  
Pedestrian Crossing ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Selection Methodology

Pedestrian crossings are the critical points in the traffic network that need to enable pedestrians to safely cross the road. The safety level depends on the type of pedestrian crossing. The differences between individual types of pedestrian crossings can be noted also in relation to other criteria such as the price, energy, environmental impact, accessibility, etc. Besides, various groups of users assess the quality service differently, even when this refers to the same type of pedestrian crossing. Therefore, optimal solution of a pedestrian crossing has to be selected based on a comprehensive and rational analysis and application of adequate software tools. The selection methodology of an optimal pedestrian crossing is defined using a multi-criteria analysis. In order to view the problem as a whole, four scenarios of evaluating alternatives are foreseen. Four different groups of stakeholders: traffic experts, investors, groups of persons with disabilities and healthy persons (persons not included in the previous three stakeholder groups), who use a pedestrian crossing (according to different age, disability, perception of personal safety, etc.), assessed the importance of the offered criteria. Different groups of users have different preferences in relation to individual groups of criteria, depending on their interests and needs. One group finds the criterion of pedestrian safety the most important one, others think that finances are most important (the cost of construction), some think that accessibility is the most important issue, etc. The solutions obtained in this manner provide insight into the advantages and drawbacks of individual versions. This makes it easier for the decision-makers to select only one variant / alternative from a group of the offered solutions in compliance with the defined criteria and sub-criteria with the aim of defining an optimal pedestrian crossing for a certain spatial and traffic location. KEY WORDS: pedestrian crossing, multi-criteria decision-making, analytical hierarchy process

scholarly journals IDENTIFYING AND PRIORITIZING COST REDUCTION SOLUTIONS IN THE SUPPLY CHAIN BY INTEGRATING VALUE ENGINEERING AND GRAY MULTI-CRITERIA DECISION-MAKING

2020 ◽  
Vol 26 (6) ◽  
pp. 1311-1338 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jalil Heidary Dahooie ◽  
Seyyed Jalaladdin Hosseini Dehshiri ◽  
Audrius Banaitis ◽  
Arūnė Binkytė-Vėlienė
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Supply Chain ◽  
Value Engineering ◽  
Multi Criteria Decision Making ◽  
Team Members ◽  
A Value ◽  
Cost Criterion ◽  
Engineering Team ◽  
Supply Chain Cost Management ◽  
The Cost

Value engineering is an appropriate policy for creating and improving value, which reduces unnecessary costs and maintains core functionality. Despite the mentioned benefits, this approach has so far received little attention in the area of supply chain management. Although this approach is highly structured, limitations such as overemphasizing the cost criterion and failure to meet other criteria, utilizing team members’ votes to rank solutions, ignoring inherent uncertainty and ultimately disagreement between value engineering team members have reduced the effectiveness of this approach. The present study aims to provide a coherent framework for utilizing a value engineering approach to supply chain cost management and overcome the aforementioned limitations by utilizing gray multi-criteria decision-making. In this regard, in the first phase, the initial list of improvement solutions is determined, the criteria extracted from the literature are localized using value engineering team members’ opinion. These criteria are weighted using the gray stepwise weight assessment ratio analysis (SWARA-Gray) method. Then, the score of each solution is calculated by the value engineering team based on the list of criteria as a gray number. The scores are aggregated using the gray evaluation based on distance from average solution (EDAS-Gray) method, and the solutions are prioritized. Finally, the application of the proposed framework is investigated in a real case study in a power plant in Iran. The results of the research show that the final rankings of the solutions rarely changed for different methods; so the model used in this study has acceptable stability.

scholarly journals Models for the choice of the most favorable contractor for construction of the thermal insulation systems

2003 ◽  
Vol 2 (5) ◽  
pp. 339-348
Author(s):  
Milorad Zlatanovic ◽  
Dima Trajkovic
Keyword(s):  
Mathematical Models ◽  
Thermal Insulation ◽  
Optimal Solution ◽  
Insulation System ◽  
Insulation Systems

The paper considers the multi-criterion models of the choice of the most favorable contractor for construction of the thermal insulation system at the previously constructed buildings. The paper is a contribution to the consideration of the most favorable contractor, as it is one of the very important decisions of the investor. A large number of variant solutions is proposed. Firstly, the criteria for the choice of the most favorable contractor of these works are formed. Then, a methodology for the choice of the contractor for the construction of the facade thermal insulation system is presented, that is the mathematical models for the solution of such problem are presented, with a purpose to determine the optimal solution that is, make a choice of the most favorable contractor of these works.

Improved Thermal Insulation Design Practices On Ships’ Structural Boundaries

2005 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gordon H. Hart ◽  
Pat Fulton ◽  
Gerald Cox
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Insulation ◽  
System Integration ◽  
Computer Assisted ◽  
Element Analysis ◽  
Unique Challenge ◽  
Shipbuilding Industry ◽  
Thermal Requirements ◽  
Heating And Cooling ◽  
Insulation Systems ◽  
The Cost

Since their early development, the construction and outfitting of steel vessels have presented a unique challenge to the insulation designer in ensuring comfort and quality insulation treatments. The drive to make large commercial and military sea-going vessels lighter, faster, and stronger invariably contributes to complexities of stiffening members, compartmentalization, and system integration. In so doing, the designer must first balance the cost of thermal insulation treatments against several competing factors: the capacity of heating and cooling equipment, the cost of this equipment, and the cost of energy to meet thermal requirements. In the past, the US shipbuilding industry has relied on a fixed table of maximum allowable thermal transmittance values, or “U” values, to determine the thickness of insulation for particular configurations. In this paper, the authors show that these “U” values are inadequate, in comparison to current standards for the use of thermal insulation on walls and envelopes in building construction, and that a selective increase in insulation thicknesses used on ships can reduce the weight of fuel and equipment for space heating and cooling. The authors also propose that the insulation designer be encouraged to incorporate different methods of estimating heat flows given specific environmental conditions and stiffener configurations compared with long-held industry standards. These methods include computer-assisted Finite Element Analysis, recognition of varying extreme conditions, and actual stiffener configurations that contribute to thermal flows. With these changes, the insulation systems for US built ships could be improved thermally, the total ship weight could be reduced, and the insulation systems could be installed more quickly, thereby reducing the cost of construction.

scholarly journals A NOVEL HYBRID MULTI-CRITERIA DECISION-MAKING MODEL TO ASSESS A STAIRS SHAPE FOR DWELLING HOUSES

2016 ◽  
Vol 22 (8) ◽  
pp. 1078-1087 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zenonas TURSKIS ◽  
Birutė JUODAGALVIENĖ
Keyword(s):  
Game Theory ◽  
Decision Making ◽  
Bayes Rule ◽  
Multi Criteria Decision Making ◽  
Novel Approach ◽  
Decision Making Problem ◽  
Measurement Units ◽  
Multiplicative Form ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Decision Making Model

The paper presents a novel approach to solve problem of stairs shape assessment for two-story individual dwelling houses. Selection among available shapes and construction of stairs is a multi-criteria decision-making problem in nature. It depends on a set of different conflicting criteria, that have different optimisation direction, different measurement units. There is determined the set of the main criteria to assess the alternatives is as follows: Stairwell Area, The Total Area of Climbing, “Climbing Lane” Area, The Cost of Stairs, and Ergonomics. A novel original hybrid MCDM (multi-criteria decision-making) model, which based on ten different multi-criteria decision-making methods: Game Theory, AHP, and SAW, Multiplicative Exponential Weighting, TOPSIS, and EDAS, ARAS, Full Multiplicative form, Laplace Rule, and Bayes Rule, is presented.

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