RELATION OF COERCIVE FORCE TO STRUCTURAL PROPERTIES OF ELECTROPLATED FILMS

1962 ◽  
Vol 40 (4) ◽  
pp. 454-462 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. C. Lloyd ◽  
R. S. Smith
Keyword(s):  
Crystal Growth ◽  
Coercive Force ◽  
Structural Properties ◽  
Applied Stress ◽  
Crystal Orientation ◽  
Anisotropy Field ◽  
Preferred Orientation ◽  
Moderate Growth ◽  
Smith Model

Coercive forces (He) of Fe–Ni films were observed to depend on thickness, Fe/Ni ratio, and preferred crystal orientation in accordance with predictions based on the Behringer–Smith model. Annealing induces marked crystal growth and orientation of [111] axis normal to the plane in the Ni-rich films (> 80% Ni), but only moderate growth in the Fe-rich (< 80% Ni) films. He for Ni-rich films increases markedly while He for iron-rich films decreases slightly due to annealing. Variations of the anisotropy field, Hk, due to applied stress, indicate that reduction of He for the Fe-rich films results from moderate crystal growth while the increase of He for the Ni-rich films is due to the preferred orientation.

Low Porosity FeSe Preferred Orientation Crystal Growth by Bridgman Method

2011 ◽  
Vol 21 (3) ◽  
pp. 2845-2848 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chia-Ming Yang ◽  
Po-Wei Chen ◽  
Jui-Chao Kou ◽  
Pavel Diko ◽  
In-Gann Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Crystal Growth ◽  
Preferred Orientation ◽  
Bridgman Method ◽  
Low Porosity

Effect of High Pressure Torsion on Crystal Orientation to Improve the Thermoelectric Property of a Bi2Te3-Based Thermoelectric Semiconductor

2010 ◽  
Vol 89-91 ◽  
pp. 41-46 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maki Ashida ◽  
Takashi Hamachiyo ◽  
Kazuhiro Hasezaki ◽  
Hirotaka Matsunoshita ◽  
Z. Horita
Keyword(s):  
High Pressure ◽  
Power Factor ◽  
Crystal Orientation ◽  
High Pressure Torsion ◽  
Preferred Orientation ◽  
Orientation Factor ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Fine Grain ◽  
Maximum Value ◽  
P Type

A Bi2Te3-based thermoelectric semiconductor was subjected by high pressure torsion (HPT). Sample disks of p-type Bi0.5Sb1.5Te3.0 were cut from sintered compacts that were made by mechanically alloying (MA) followed by hot pressing. Disks were subjected by HPT with 1, 5 and 10 turns at 473 K under 6.0 GPa of pressure. Crystal orientation was investigated by X-ray diffraction. Microstructures were characterized using scanning electron microscopy. Results indicated that HPT disks after 5 turns had a preferred orientation and a fine grain compared with pre-HPT disks while the orientation factor was decreased after HPT using 10 turns. The power factor had a maximum value at 5 turns as determined by measuring its thermoelectric properties. A maximum power factor of 4.30×10-3 Wm-1K-2 was obtained for HPT disks after 5 turns. This value was larger than that for the pre-HPT disk. The over-HPT of 10 turns was found to have caused a decrease in the preferred orientation leading to a low power factor.

Stoner-Wohlfarth Model for Nanocrystalline Anisotropic Sm2Co17 Magnets

2014 ◽  
Vol 775-776 ◽  
pp. 431-436 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marcos Flavio de Campos ◽  
Fernanda A.S. da Silva ◽  
José Adilson de Castro
Keyword(s):  
Coercive Force ◽  
Anisotropy Field ◽  
Hysteresis Curves ◽  
Isotropic Magnet

The Stoner-Wohlfarth model can be used for predicting hysteresis curves of either isotropic or anisotropic nanocrystalline Sm2Co17 type magnets. For isotropic magnets, with Mr/Ms=0.5, the Stoner-Wohlfarth model predicts coercive force of 48% of the anisotropy field. Here, Mr is remanence and Ms is magnetization of saturation. Two texture distributions were compared: Pearson VII and cosn. The calculations indicate that increasing the alignment degree of the grains, the coercivity increases. However, this increase of the coercive force is small. It is found that a very well aligned magnet, with Mr/Ms ratio of 0.96, presents coercivity only ~20% higher than that of the isotropic magnet.

ChemInform Abstract: Crystal Growth, Structural Properties, and Photophysical Characterization of Ln4Na2K2M2O13(M; Nb, Ta; Ln: Nd, Sm, Eu, Gd).

ChemInform ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 40 (46) ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas-C. Jagau ◽  
Irina P. Roof ◽  
Mark D. Smith ◽  
Hans-Conrad zur Loye
Keyword(s):  
Crystal Growth ◽  
Structural Properties

Preferred orientation of calcite and aragonite in the reptilian eggshells

1985 ◽  
Vol 225 (1241) ◽  
pp. 445-455 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Crystal Growth ◽  
Basal Plane ◽  
Radial Direction ◽  
Small Degree ◽  
Preferred Orientation ◽  
Shell Surface ◽  
Exterior Surface ◽  
Interior Surface ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Peak Intensity

By using X -ray diffractometry, the development of preferred orientation was studied in the calcitic eggshells of the Crocodylia and the aragonitic eggshells of the Testudines. In all species the texture that develops is one in which the basal plane of the unit cell in each of the two crystal systems tends to lie parallel to the shell surface. Preferred orientation reaches a maximum at the exterior surface and its development through the shell is normally uninterrupted. In some species of the Testudines, the interior surface shows a radial direction of crystal growth from the nucleation centres which is at right angles to the (001) plane. In others, there is a small degree of (001) preferred orientation at the interior surface as a result of inward growth from the nucleation centres. The aragonite of which the turtle shells are composed shows peak intensity values that differ markedly from those of synthetic aragonite and yet are common to all the families of the Testudines studied. Moreover, the aragonite is unusually stable in that it shows no partial inversion to calcite after grinding. The method of analysis for demonstrating the development of preferred orientation has proved to be equally as effective when applied to aragonite as in its previous use for analysis of calcite.

Relationship between crystal growth mode, preferred orientation and magnetostriction of (Tb0.3Dy0.7)Fe1.95 alloys

2008 ◽  
Vol 26 (3) ◽  
pp. 388-391 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shirong ZHANG ◽  
Kuoshe LI ◽  
Dunbo YU ◽  
Yongsheng LI ◽  
Hongchuan YANG ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Crystal Growth ◽  
Preferred Orientation ◽  
Growth Mode

Facile synthesis and the phase transition mechanism of fluoridated hydroxyapatite with a hierarchical architecture

CrystEngComm ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 19 (48) ◽  
pp. 7298-7306 ◽  
Author(s):  
Liping Wang ◽  
Ming Wang ◽  
Yunli Wang ◽  
Yiran Shao ◽  
Yingchun Zhu
Keyword(s):  
Phase Transition ◽  
Crystal Growth ◽  
Orientation Relationship ◽  
Crystal Orientation ◽  
Growth Process ◽  
Hierarchical Architecture ◽  
Facile Synthesis ◽  
Fluoridated Hydroxyapatite ◽  
Transition Mechanism ◽  
Crystal Growth Process

The crystal growth process of FHA is investigated. The crystal orientation relationship is found to be [010]FHA//[001]DCPA and (001)FHA//(010)DCPA.

Crystal Growth and Electrical Properties of Na0.5Bi0.5TiO3-BaTiO3 Lead-Free Ferroelectric Piezocrystals

2009 ◽  
Vol 421-422 ◽  
pp. 17-20
Author(s):  
Chao Chen ◽  
Xiang Yong Zhao ◽  
Hong Liu ◽  
Wen Wei Ge ◽  
Hao Su Luo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Solid Solution ◽  
Crystal Growth ◽  
Electrical Properties ◽  
Crystal Orientation ◽  
Ferroelectric Properties ◽  
Lead Free ◽  
Depolarization Temperature ◽  
Dielectric Maximum ◽  
Top Seeded Solution Growth ◽  
Piezoelectric Performance

(1-x)(Na0.5Bi0.5)TiO3-xBaTiO3 (abbreviated as NBBT100(1-x)/100x or NBBT100x) solid solution single crystals with x=0, 0.06, 0.08, 0.10, 0.20, 1.0 were grown using top-seeded solution growth (TSSG) method. Dielectric, piezoelectric and ferroelectric properties of NBBT crystals were investigated as a function of temperature, frequency, composition and crystal orientation. The temperature (Tm) corresponding to dielectric maximum and the depolarization temperature (Td) decrease with increasing x. The <001> oriented NBBT90/10 single crystal shows excellent piezoelectric performance with piezoelectric constant (d33) value about 275pC/N and exhibits relatively smaller coercive field (Ec) of 2.49 kV/mm and dielectric loss tanδ of 2.9 %, indicating a more adaptive engineered domain structure.

Shape Memory Effect and Pseudoelasticity in Ti-40%Ni-10%Cu (At.%) Single Crystals

1996 ◽  
Vol 459 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yu.I. Chumlyakov ◽  
I. V. Kireeva ◽  
Yu.I. Zuev ◽  
A. G. Lyisyuk
Keyword(s):  
High Temperature ◽  
Shape Memory ◽  
Single Crystals ◽  
Shape Memory Effect ◽  
Memory Effect ◽  
Applied Stress ◽  
Crystal Orientation ◽  
Martensite Transformations ◽  
B2 Phase ◽  
Applied Stresses

ABSTRACTThe dependence of shape memory effect (SME) and pseudoelasticity (PE) on crystal orientation and on sign of applied stresses (tension/compression) has been investigated on Ti-40%Ni-10%Cu (at.%) single crystals. It have been shown that both SME and PE depend on an orientation and an applied stress sign. Asymmetry effects were found at deformation in high-temperature B2 phase and in the range of stress-induced martensite transformations.

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