SYNTHESIS OF 2-PYRROLECARBOXYLIC (C14O2H) ACID AND STUDY OF ITS METABOLISM IN THE INTACT RAT

1957 ◽  
Vol 35 (10) ◽  
pp. 811-817 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Letellier ◽  
L. P. Bouthillier
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Closed System ◽  
Intraperitoneal Injection ◽  
Rat Tissues ◽  
Radioactive Carbon ◽  
Young Rats

A method is described for the synthesis of 2-pyrrolecarboxylic (C14O2H) acid (PCA), in 50% over-all yield, by carbonation in a closed system of pyrrylmagnesium bromide, using a small amount of radioactive carbon dioxide. Doses of the labelled substance were administered by intraperitoneal injection to young rats. A small fraction of the injected radioactive PCA was catabolized in the rat tissues in such a manner that only 5 to 6% of the isotope appeared in expired carbon dioxide within 24 hours. From 70 to 80% of the injected radioactivity was excreted in the urine collected for 24 hours. Unchanged PCA, pyrroylglycine, and a glucuronide of PCA were the three major radioactive products demonstrated in the urine.

SYNTHESIS OF 2-PYRROLECARBOXYLIC (C14O2H) ACID AND STUDY OF ITS METABOLISM IN THE INTACT RAT

1957 ◽  
Vol 35 (1) ◽  
pp. 811-817 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Letellier ◽  
L. P. Bouthillier
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Closed System ◽  
Intraperitoneal Injection ◽  
Rat Tissues ◽  
Radioactive Carbon ◽  
Young Rats

A method is described for the synthesis of 2-pyrrolecarboxylic (C14O2H) acid (PCA), in 50% over-all yield, by carbonation in a closed system of pyrrylmagnesium bromide, using a small amount of radioactive carbon dioxide. Doses of the labelled substance were administered by intraperitoneal injection to young rats. A small fraction of the injected radioactive PCA was catabolized in the rat tissues in such a manner that only 5 to 6% of the isotope appeared in expired carbon dioxide within 24 hours. From 70 to 80% of the injected radioactivity was excreted in the urine collected for 24 hours. Unchanged PCA, pyrroylglycine, and a glucuronide of PCA were the three major radioactive products demonstrated in the urine.

SOME SHORT-TERM EFFECTS OF INCREASED CARBON DIOXIDE CONCENTRATION ON PHOTOSYNTHETIC ASSIMILATION IN LEAVES

1959 ◽  
Vol 37 (6) ◽  
pp. 1191-1201 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. C. Mortimer
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Plant Species ◽  
Closed System ◽  
Carbon Dioxide Concentration ◽  
Experimental Period ◽  
Glyceric Acid ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Radioactive Carbon ◽  
Photosynthetic Assimilation ◽  
Atmospheric Level

The photosynthetic assimilation of radioactive carbon dioxide by leaves from seven plant species was continuously measured in a closed system in which the concentration of carbon dioxide was abruptly increased from the atmospheric level to predetermined levels up to 2.0%. The rate of assimilation immediately increased, approximately proportional to concentration, but after about one minute began to decrease. The degree and duration of the decrease in rate of uptake varied with plant species and with concentration. This increased uptake of carbon dioxide influenced the distribution of carbon among the products of assimilation. At the lowest concentration (0.1%), serine, glycine, and glyceric acid contained most of the carbon assimilated during the experimental period, but at higher concentrations these were replaced by sucrose and alanine.

scholarly journals STUDIES IN RESPIROMETRY

1932 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 5-22 ◽  
Author(s):  
William R. Thompson
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Closed System ◽  
System A ◽  
Moist Environment ◽  
Considerable Detail ◽  
Oxygen Concentrations

A machine has been described which combines volumetric and refractometric means of observing changes in carbon dioxide and oxygen concentrations and amounts in a closed system suitable for containing a respiring system. A means of thermoregulation has been described briefly. The theory upon which estimation is based has been outlined in considerable detail and generality; indicating how dependence upon absorption of gases by reagents can be eliminated completely, although they may be used in certain instances as a means of independent check. An experiment of this nature has been reported as an illustration of one use of the machine. Data of other experiments in which a moist environment was employed for the respiring system will be given in another communication.

COMPETITION BETWEEN AMINO ACIDS FOR TRANSPORT INTO EHRLICH ASCITES CARCINOMA CELLS

1961 ◽  
Vol 39 (11) ◽  
pp. 1717-1735 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. G. Scholefield
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Amino Acids ◽  
Amino Acid ◽  
Ehrlich Ascites Carcinoma ◽  
Carcinoma Cells ◽  
Transport Systems ◽  
Radioactive Carbon ◽  
Ehrlich Ascites ◽  
Competitive Inhibitors ◽  
Amino Acid Analogues

The cumulative entry of amino acids into Ehrlich ascites carcinoma cells is due to the presence of active transport systems, each with its own specific range of substrates. Several amino acids and amino acid analogues may have an affinity for the same transport system and thus may inhibit transport of other amino acids by acting as competitive inhibitors or competitive substrates. Loss of methionine from ascites cells takes place by a diffusion process which obeys Fick's law. Leucine accumulation by ascites cells is small and is increased on addition of certain other amino acids. The increase is not due to inhibition of leucine oxidation as increase in the rate of production of radioactive carbon dioxide from labeled leucine also occurs. Kinetic aspects of these results are discussed.

POLYHYDRIC ALCOHOL PRODUCTION BY OSMOPHILIC YEASTS: STUDIES WITH C14-LABELED GLUCOSE

1956 ◽  
Vol 34 (1) ◽  
pp. 495-501 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. F. T. Spencer ◽  
A. C. Neish ◽  
A. C. Blackwood ◽  
H. R. Sallans
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Succinic Acid ◽  
Specific Activity ◽  
Polyhydric Alcohol ◽  
Alcohol Production ◽  
Radioactive Carbon ◽  
Catalyzed Reactions

D-Glucose was dissimilated aerobically by a strain of osmophilic yeast producing glycerol, D-arabitol, ethanol, carbon dioxide, and a small amount of succinic acid. Glucose-1-C14 gave glycerol labeled in the terminal carbons, D-arabitol labeled in carbon-1 and carbon-5, methyl labeled ethanol, and succinic acid with 30% of the labeling in the carboxyl carbons and 70% in the methylene carbons. Glucose-2-C14 gave glycerol labeled in carbon-2, D-arabitol labeled in carbon-1, carbon-2, and carbon-4, carbinol labeled ethanol, and succinic acid having 70% of the labeling in the carboxyl carbons and 30% in the methylene carbons. Labeled carbon dioxide was produced from both carbon-1 and carbon-2 labeled glucose but the specific activity of carbon dioxide from glucose-1-C14 was higher than that from glucose-2-C14. The distribution of radioactive carbon in the products is explained by assuming that glucose is dissimilated via a combination of the Embden–Meyerhof and the phosphogluconate oxidation pathways, with transketolase-catalyzed reactions playing an important part in D-arabitol formation.

THE METABOLISM OF 2-C14-ADENINE IN THE RAT

1957 ◽  
Vol 35 (1) ◽  
pp. 55-62
Author(s):  
S. H. Zbarsky ◽  
A. R. P. Paterson
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Uric Acid ◽  
Nucleic Acids ◽  
Intraperitoneal Injection ◽  
Metabolic Conversion

The metabolism of 2-C14-adenine has been studied in the rat. Following intraperitoneal injection of the labelled material, isotope was found in the adenine and guanine of the visceral nucleic acids. Allantoin was the major radioactive metabolite excreted in the urine, and radioactive adenine and uric acid were also shown to be present. The finding of radioactivity in the urinary urea indicated a significant metabolic conversion of the 2-carbon of adenine to carbon dioxide. This result agreed with the finding of 8.5–9.4% of the injected radioactivity in the respiratory carbon dioxide. Possible mechanisms whereby carbon 2 of adenine may be metabolized to carbon dioxide are discussed.

scholarly journals Changes of Coenzyme A and Acetyl-Coenzyme A Concentrations in Rats after a Single-Dose Intraperitoneal Injection of Hepatotoxic Thioacetamide Are Not Consistent with Rapid Recovery

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (23) ◽  
pp. 8918
Author(s):  
Yevgeniya I. Shurubor ◽  
Arthur J. L. Cooper ◽  
Andrey B. Krasnikov ◽  
Elena P. Isakova ◽  
Yulia I. Deryabina ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Liver Function ◽  
Intraperitoneal Injection ◽  
Coenzyme A ◽  
Extended Period ◽  
Rat Tissues ◽  
Delayed Effect ◽  
Acetyl Coa ◽  
Acetyl Coenzyme A ◽  
Acetyl Coenzyme ◽  
Small Biomolecules

Small biomolecules, such as coenzyme A (CoA) and acetyl coenzyme A (acetyl-CoA), play vital roles in the regulation of cellular energy metabolism. In this paper, we evaluated the delayed effect of the potent hepatotoxin thioacetamide (TAA) on the concentrations of CoA and acetyl-CoA in plasma and in different rat tissues. Administration of TAA negatively affects liver function and leads to the development of hepatic encephalopathy (HE). In our experiments, rats were administered a single intraperitoneal injection of TAA at doses of 200, 400, or 600 mg/kg. Plasma, liver, kidney, and brain samples were collected six days after the TAA administration, a period that has been suggested to allow for restoration of liver function. The concentrations of CoA and acetyl-CoA in the group of rats exposed to different doses of TAA were compared to those observed in healthy rats. The results obtained indicate that even a single administration of TAA to rats is sufficient to alter the physiological balance of CoA and acetyl-CoA in the plasma and tissues of rats for an extended period of time. The initial concentrations of CoA and acetyl-CoA were not restored even after the completion of the liver regeneration process.

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