Cobalt and sodium requirements for methanogenesis in washed cells of Methanosaeta concilii

1991 ◽  
Vol 37 (2) ◽  
pp. 110-115 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. B. Patel ◽  
G. D. Sprott
Keyword(s):  
Cell Suspension ◽  
Key Words ◽  
Growth Medium ◽  
Methane Production ◽  
Methanogenic Activity ◽  
Washed Cell ◽  
Washed Cell Suspension ◽  
Methanosaeta Concilii ◽  
Propyl Iodide

Methanosaeta concilii GP6 lost methanogenic activity upon thorough washing of the cells with an anaerobic buffer. Methane production from acetate could be restored by supplementing the washed cell suspension with spent growth medium, and to a lesser degree (65–70% of the rate obtained with spent medium) by the coaddition of NaCl and CoCl2. The latter reactivation had an apparent Km for CoCl2 of 5.6 μM in the presence of 40 mM NaCl, and an apparent Km for NaCl of 2.5 mM in the presence of 5 μM CoCl2. The requirement for NaCl could be met by LiCl but only partially by MgCl2, CaCl2, or NiCl2. Methylcobalamin could substitute for CoCl2. Severe inhibition of methanogenesis in unwashed GP6 cells caused by 5 μM propyl iodide and the role of methylcobalamin in regeneration of methane production in washed cells suggest the involvement of corrinoids in the methane pathway of the aceticlastic Methanosaeta concilii. This represents the first documentation for cobalt/methylcobalamin and sodium requirements for methanogenesis in Methanosaeta concilii. Key words: cobalt, sodium, methylcobalamin, methanogenesis, Methanosaeta concilii.

Spiroplasma cells utilize carbohydrates via the phosphoenolpyruvate-dependent sugar phosphotransferase system

1991 ◽  
Vol 37 (6) ◽  
pp. 477-479 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mark Tarshis
Keyword(s):  
Cell Suspension ◽  
Key Words ◽  
Direct Measurement ◽  
Phosphotransferase System ◽  
Sulfhydryl Reagents ◽  
Carbohydrate Utilization ◽  
Sugar Utilization ◽  
Washed Cell ◽  
Phosphate Donor ◽  
Washed Cell Suspension

Ten Spiroplasma species tested were found capable of fermenting glucose, mannose, fructose, and sucrose, but not ribose, maltose, 2-deoxyglucose, xylose, sorbitol, glactose, lactose, and arabinose. Sugar utilization was measured by a direct measurement of the changes in pH of a washed cell suspension upon the addition of the various sugars. Sulfhydryl reagents, uncouplers, and glycolysis inhibitors prevented the sugar-induced pH shifts. The spiroplasmas were capable of phosporylating α-methylgucoside in a reaction that required phosphoenolypyruvate, but not ATP, as a phosphate donor, suggesting that Spiroplasma species possess a phosphoenolpyruvate-dependent sugar phosphotransferase system. Key words: Spiroplasma, carbohydrate utilization, pH changes, phosphenolpyruvate-dependent sugar phosphotransferase system.

scholarly journals Studies on Aerobacillus Polymyxa VI. Some Properties of the Hydrogenlyase Systems of Bacteria

1953 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 205 ◽  
Author(s):  
WG Crewther
Keyword(s):  
Methylene Blue ◽  
Cell Suspension ◽  
Enzyme Activities ◽  
Enzyme System ◽  
Lower Range ◽  
Washed Cell ◽  
Washed Cell Suspension ◽  
The Relationship

The formic hydrogenlyase, glucose hydrogenlyase, and hydrogenase systems of Aerobacillus polymyxa were inactivated by dilution, repeated washing, or oxygenation of a washed-cell suspension of the organism. The hydrogenase and glucose hydrogenlyase systems were less sensitive. than the formic hydrogenlyase, and during inactivation by oxygenation the relationship between the activities of these enzymes was rectilinear over the lower range of enzyme activities. Formic dehydrogenase and pyruvic dehydrogenase were both readily inactivated by the above procedures whereas the enzyme system transferring hydrogen from glucose to methylene blue was unaffected.

scholarly journals Limits of survival of the mingled rumen bacteria in the washed cell suspension of rumen ciliate protozoa.

1977 ◽  
Vol 41 (12) ◽  
pp. 2465-2466 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ryoji ONODERA ◽  
Haruko YAMAGUCHI ◽  
Chiaki EGUCHI ◽  
Makoto KANDATSU
Keyword(s):  
Cell Suspension ◽  
Rumen Bacteria ◽  
Washed Cell ◽  
Washed Cell Suspension ◽  
Ciliate Protozoa

scholarly journals Ureolytic activity of the washed cell suspension of rumen ciliate protozoa.

1977 ◽  
Vol 41 (11) ◽  
pp. 2177-2182 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ryoji ONODERA ◽  
Yasuko NAKAGAWA ◽  
Makoto KANDTSU
Keyword(s):  
Cell Suspension ◽  
Washed Cell ◽  
Washed Cell Suspension ◽  
Ciliate Protozoa

Ureolytic Activity of the Washed Cell Suspension of Rumen Ciliate Protozoa

1977 ◽  
Vol 41 (11) ◽  
pp. 2177-2182
Author(s):  
Ryoji Onodera ◽  
Yasuko Nakagawa ◽  
Makoto Kandatsu
Keyword(s):  
Cell Suspension ◽  
Washed Cell ◽  
Washed Cell Suspension ◽  
Ciliate Protozoa

Limits of Survival of the Mingled Rumen Bacteria in the Washed Cell Suspension of Rumen Ciliate Protozoa

1977 ◽  
Vol 41 (12) ◽  
pp. 2465-2466 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ryoji Onodera ◽  
Haruko Yamaguchi ◽  
Chiaki Eguchi ◽  
Makoto Kandatsu
Keyword(s):  
Cell Suspension ◽  
Rumen Bacteria ◽  
Washed Cell ◽  
Washed Cell Suspension ◽  
Ciliate Protozoa

THE ROLE OF COMMUNICATIVE AND FUNCTIONAL APPROACH IN THE TRANSLATION OF SCIENTIFIC AND TECHNICAL LITERATURE (Ukrainian — German discourse)

2019 ◽  
Vol 26 (27) ◽  
pp. 68-74
Author(s):  
Svitlana Gruschko
Keyword(s):  
Key Words ◽  
Information Exchange ◽  
Functional Approach ◽  
Communication Structure ◽  
Technical Literature ◽  
Translation Strategy ◽  
Purposeful Activity

The article investigates the role of communicative-functional approach in the translation of scientific and technical literature, when the translation itself is seen as a tool to accomplish purposeful activity of communicators, representatives of different interlingual groups. In practical terms, the difficulties of translating scientific and technical texts are due to the peculiarities of scientific style, insufficient understanding of the terminology of a particular field of knowledge, which complicates the choice of adequate translation solutions. In this context, an important role is played by the translation strategy, where the communicativefunctional approach dominates. The translation is implicitly included in the communication structure between the author and the recipient. The relevance of the article is determined by the necessity of studying the problems of scientific and technical literature translation, taking into account the current realities of interlanguage information exchange. Key words: communicative-functional approach, interlingual communication, translation, structure

INTERPRETATIONAL FIELD OF THE CONCEPT “WOMAN” IN ENGLISH AND KYRGYZ LINGUOCULTURES

2019 ◽  
pp. 54-56
Author(s):  
Баяманова М.С.
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Study ◽  
Key Words ◽  
Analytical Data ◽  
Semantic Field ◽  
Traditional Values ◽  
Lexical Unit ◽  
Semantic Fields ◽  
Field Culture

Summary: The article deals with the analysis of the interpretational field of the basic lexical units which represent the meaning of the concept “woman” in English and Kyrgyz languages and cultures. Comparative – contrastive analytical data of the most frequently used in both languages variants of the interpretation of the concept “woman” have been given. The semantic fields of nuclear and nearnuclear meanings of the lexical units, transforming the notion of “woman” in English and Kyrgyz languages and also the place and role of these notions in cultures and philosophy of the nations on the basis of mentality and traditional values have been studied and described. The situations of the use of this or that variant of the meaning of lexical unit. A comparative study of the definitions of the word “woman’ in English and Kyrgyz languages have been given. Key words: concept, woman, interpretational field, notion, definition, semantic field, culture, language, linguoculture, transformation Аннотация: В статье рассматриваются интерпретационные поля основных лексических единиц, репрезентирующих значение концепта «женщина» в английской и кыргызской лингвокультурах. Приводятся сравнительно-сопоставительные аналитические данные наиболее употребительных в речи обоих языков вариантов интерпретации концепта «женщина». Изучены и описаны семантические поля ядерных и околоядерных значений лексических единиц, трансформирующих понятие «женщина» в английском и кыргызском языке, а также роль и место этих понятий в культурах и философии народов на основе менталитета и традиционных ценностей. Приводятся ситуации использования того или ино- го варианта значения лексической единицы, проведено сравнительное изучение определений слова «женщина» в английском и кыргызском языках. Ключевые слова: концепт, женщина, интерпретационное поле, понятие, определение, семантическое поле, культура, язык, лингвокультура, трансформация Аннотация: Макалада англис жана кыргыз тилдеринде жана маданияттарында «аял» концептинин маанисин репрезентациалаган негизги лексикалык бирдиктер каралат. «Аял» концептин эки тилдеги кѳп колдонулуучу интерпретациялоо варианттарынын аналитикалык салыштырма маалыматтары изил- делип берилген. Англис жана кыргыз тилдеринде «аял» түшүнүгүн трансформациялаган лексикалык бирдиктердин түп нуска жана ага жакындашкан маанилери иликтелип каралган. Берилген түшүнүктѳрдүн элдик философиясында жана маданиятында, менталитеттин жана салттын негизинде эл арасына кеӊири тараган, элдик тилде жана маданиятта ойногон ролу менен орду чагылдырылган. Ар түрдү ситацияларда колдонулуучу тиги же бул лексикалык бирдиктердин маанисинин варианттары каралган, «аял» деген сѳздун англис жана кыргыз тилдериндеги түшүндүрмѳлѳрү салыштырылып изилделген. Түйүндүү сѳздѳр: концепт, аял, интерпретациялоо мейкиндиги, түшүнүк, түшүндүрмѳ, семантикалык чѳйрѳ, маданият, тил, лингвомаданият, трансформациялоо

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