Penicillin sensitivity of nodulation in soybean roots

1984 ◽  
Vol 30 (1) ◽  
pp. 77-80 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. T. Takats
Keyword(s):  
Glycine Max ◽  
Frequency Distribution ◽  
Rhizobium Japonicum ◽  
Bacterial Viability ◽  
Peptidoglycan Synthesis ◽  
One Stage ◽  
Primary Roots ◽  
Glycine Max L ◽  
Soybean Roots ◽  
And Shifts

Penicillin was administered to the primary roots of soybean (Glycine max. L. Merr) at the time of inoculation with Rhizobium japonicum and at various times after inoculation. Penicillin reduces nodule yield and shifts the frequency distribution of nodules along the primary roots. When administered at the time of inoculation, the earliest nodules do not form; when administered at later times, from 10 to 72 h after inoculation, the later nodules are reduced in number. These effects, when related to parallel effects of penicillin on bacterial viability, peptidoglycan synthesis, and binding to the roots suggest that penicillin interferes with more than one stage of nodule induction.

EFFECTS OF INOCULATION AND FERTILIZER N LEVELS ON N2 FIXATION AND YIELDS OF SOYBEANS IN ONTARIO

1979 ◽  
Vol 59 (4) ◽  
pp. 1129-1137 ◽  
Author(s):  
ERNEST SEMU ◽  
D. J. HUME
Keyword(s):  
Glycine Max ◽  
Rhizobium Japonicum ◽  
Soil N ◽  
Fertilizer N ◽  
Fertilizer Nitrogen ◽  
Nodule Number ◽  
Glycine Max L ◽  
Yield Responses ◽  
Seed Yields ◽  
Nodule Efficiency

Soybeans (Glycine max (L.) Merrill) often do not give yield responses to added fertilizer nitrogen (N) because high soil N levels inhibit fixation of atmospheric N2. Yield responses to N fertilizer applied at planting usually indicate that N2 fixation is less than optimal. The effects of inoculation with Rhizobium japonicum, and fertilizer N levels, on soybean N2(C2H2) fixation and seed yields in Ontario were investigated in ’ 1976 and 1977. Three locations were used each year, representing areas where soybeans had been grown for many years (Ridgetown), for only a few years (Elora), or not at all (Woodstock). Treatments were (a) Uninoculated + 0 N, (b–e) Inoculated + 0, 50, 100 or 200 kg N/ha. Results indicated that inoculation increased seed yields only when soybeans were introduced into new areas. Fertilizer N applications at planting time did not increase yields in areas where soybeans had been grown several times previously, indicating that N2 fixation could support maximum yields. Nodule number and mass, and N2(C2H2) fixation rates were all decreased by fertilizer N. An increase in nodule efficiency, later in the season, in high N treatments was most marked at Ridgetown.

scholarly journals Evaluation by grafting technique of changes in the contribution of root-to-shoot development and biomass production in soybean (Glycine max) cultivars released from 1929 to 2006 in China

2019 ◽  
Vol 70 (7) ◽  
pp. 585 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaoning Cao ◽  
Tingting Wu ◽  
Shi Sun ◽  
Cunxiang Wu ◽  
Caijie Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Glycine Max ◽  
Shoot Growth ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Root Traits ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Shoot Development ◽  
Node Number ◽  
Grafting Technique ◽  
Glycine Max L ◽  
Soybean Roots

Root traits are essential for optimising nutrient and water absorption and anchorage. However, changes in root traits and the contribution of root-to-shoot growth and development of soybean (Glycine max (L.) Merr.) across a century of breeding are poorly documented. In this study, we adopted a grafting technique, using 55 cultivars released in the three main soybean-production regions in China as rootstocks in a pot experiment and 24 cultivars from the Yellow-Huai-Hai Valley (YHH) region as rootstocks in a field experiment, with cv. Zigongdongdou as the common scion. Changes in soybean roots, including dry weight (DW) of roots, lateral root number (LRN) and taproot length (TRL), and their contribution to shoot development and biomass formation, including shoot DW, plant height and node number, were evaluated under optimal conditions in 2011. Aboveground traits declined with year of release in the YHH region and did not vary over time in the northern Heilongjiang province and mid-south Heilongjiang region except for shoot DW. The root traits root DW, LRN and TRL were similar over years of release in the pot and field experiments. The results suggest that the newer cultivars have lesser shoot growth and root capacity but the same amount of root growth as older cultivars. Root traits did not change during selection, suggesting that improvement in soybean root traits should be an aim in future breeding.

scholarly journals Early Events in the Infection of Soybean (Glycine max L. Merr) by Rhizobium japonicum

1980 ◽  
Vol 66 (6) ◽  
pp. 1027-1031 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. V. Bhuvaneswari ◽  
B. Gillian Turgeon ◽  
Wolfgang D. Bauer
Keyword(s):  
Glycine Max ◽  
Rhizobium Japonicum ◽  
Glycine Max L

PRODUCTION PRACTICES FOR EARLY MATURING SOYBEANS IN SOUTHERN ALBERTA

1983 ◽  
Vol 63 (3) ◽  
pp. 641-647 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. DUBETZ ◽  
D. J. MAJOR ◽  
R. J. RENNIE
Keyword(s):  
Glycine Max ◽  
Field Capacity ◽  
Rhizobium Japonicum ◽  
Yield And Quality ◽  
Southern Alberta ◽  
Early Maturing ◽  
Glycine Max L ◽  
Production Practices ◽  
Irrigation Requirements

Four experiments were conducted at two locations in southern Alberta, where no indigenous Rhizobium japonicum existed, to determine the effects of seeding dates, fertilizers, irrigation, and method of inoculant placement on the yield and quality of several early-maturing soybean (Glycine max (L.) Merrill) cultivars. Highest yields were obtained when soybeans were seeded during the first half of May. Irrigation requirements varied between years but yields were similar whether soil moisture was depleted to the 6 × 104-Pa or the 3 × 104-Pa level before irrigating to field capacity. Soybean yields increased substantially from N fertilizer when the inoculant was applied to the seed without a sticker. When granular inoculant was banded with the seed there was no response to N, and the yields of inoculated plants were higher than those of plants that were uninoculated and received up to 160 kg N/ha. When properly inoculated, early-maturing cultivars such as King Grain strain X005 and Maple Presto were capable of maturing and producing seed of acceptable yield and quality in southern Alberta.Key words: Cultivars, fertilizer, irrigation, inoculant, Glycine max (L.) Merrill

Conservation of leghemoglobin heterogeneity and structures in cultivated and wild soybean

1985 ◽  
Vol 63 (11) ◽  
pp. 1951-1956 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. H. Fuchsman ◽  
R. G. Palmer
Keyword(s):  
Glycine Max ◽  
Isoelectric Focusing ◽  
Bradyrhizobium Japonicum ◽  
Glycine Soja ◽  
Wild Soybean ◽  
Rhizobium Japonicum ◽  
Plant Introductions ◽  
Glycine Max L ◽  
Cultivated Soybean ◽  
Selection Of

The leghemoglobins from a genetically diverse selection of 69 cultivated soybean (Glycine max (L.) Merr.) cultivars and plant introductions and 18 wild soybean (Glycine soja Sieb. & Zucc.) plant introductions all consist of the same set of major leghemoglobins (a, c1, c2, c3), as determined by analytical isoelectric focusing. The conservation of both leghemoglobin heterogeneity and also all four major leghemoglobin structures provides strong circumstantial evidence that leghemoglobin heterogeneity is functional. Glycine max and G. soja produced the same leghemoglobins in the presence of Bradyrhizobium japonicum (Kirchner) Jordan and in the presence of fast-growing Rhizobium japonicum.

scholarly journals Especificidade hospedeira e pré-seleção de estirpes de Rhlzobium japonicum para as variedades Santa-Rosa, viçoja e IAC-2 de soja

Bragantia ◽  
1976 ◽  
Vol 35 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eli Sidney Lopes ◽  
Antônio Roberto Giardini ◽  
Romeu A. S. Kiihl ◽  
Toshio Igue
Keyword(s):  
Glycine Max ◽  
Rhizobium Japonicum ◽  
Glycine Max L

Um experimento foi conduzido em casa de vegetação, em vasos de Leonard com solução nutritiva sem nitrogênio, em condições assépticas, com os objetivos de pré-selecionar treze estirpes de Rhizobium japonicum e verificar o grau e especificidade das variedades santa-rosa, viçoja e IAC-2 (Glycine max (L.) Merril.). Pela observação do nitrogênio total fixado aos 58 dias, verificou-se que as estirpes SMS-64 (= 513 Re, RS), SMS-65 (= 519 Re, RS), SMS-68 (= 532c, RS = PR-G3, IBPT, PR) SMS-309 e SMS-310, são igualmente eficientes nas três variedades. Houve correlação entre o peso seco das plantas e o nitrogênio fixado, porém a diferenciação das estirpes pelo peso seco das plantas perdeu em sensibilidade. A nodulação não foi critério satisfatório para separar estirpes eficientes. Para o conjunto de estirpes eficientes em pelo menos uma das variedades estudadas, verificou-se que viçoja apresentou menor especificidade, estabelecendo simbiose eficaz com nove das estirpes testadas.

scholarly journals Effects of manganese toxicity on the growth of soybean (Glycine max L.) at the seedling stage

2021 ◽  
pp. 803-811
Author(s):  
Ying Liu ◽  
Jing Ye Chen ◽  
Xiao Hao Li ◽  
Shao Xia Yang ◽  
Han Qiao Hu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Glycine Max ◽  
Iron Content ◽  
Iron Concentration ◽  
The Other ◽  
Mn Toxicity ◽  
Main Symptom ◽  
Young Leaves ◽  
Glycine Max L ◽  
Soybean Roots ◽  
Mn Concentration

Effects of manganese (Mn) toxicity stress on the growth of soybean, the number of Mn spots on leaves and the absorption of iron and magnesium were studied by nutrient solution hydroponics. The results showed that the presence of Mn spots on leaves was the main symptom of Mn toxicity in soybean. When the concentration of exogenous Mn was 25 μmol/l, the leaf generated obvious Mn oxidation spots; when the concentration of exogenous Mn exceeded 50 μmol/l, the growth of soybean was inhibited, and the number of Mn spots increased significantly. With the increase in exogenous Mn concentration, the Mn concentration in the roots, young leaves and old leaves of soybean increased significantly. When the concentration of exogenous Mn reached 200 μmol/l, the number of Mn spots on primary leaves, old leaves and young leaves increased significantly. Although the iron concentration in the roots remained the same, the iron content in the old and young leaves decreased significantly. On the other hand, although Mn toxicity significantly reduced the concentration of magnesium in soybean roots, it increased the concentration of magnesium in old and young leaves. Bangladesh J. Bot. 50(3): 803-811, 2021 (September) Special

scholarly journals Peroxidase and lipid peroxidation of soybean roots in response to p-coumaric and p-hydroxybenzoic acids

2003 ◽  
Vol 46 (2) ◽  
pp. 193-198 ◽  
Author(s):  
Patrícia Minatovicz F. Doblinski ◽  
Maria de Lourdes L. Ferrarese ◽  
Domitila A. Huber ◽  
Carlos Alberto Scapim ◽  
Alessandro de Lucca e Braccini ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lipid Peroxidation ◽  
Cell Wall ◽  
Glycine Max ◽  
Root Growth ◽  
Root Length ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Fresh Weight ◽  
Glycine Max L ◽  
Hydroxybenzoic Acids ◽  
Soybean Roots

The scope of the present study was to investigate how the p-coumaric (p-CA) and p-hydroxybenzoic (p-HD) acids affect the peroxidase (POD, EC 1.11.1.7) activity, the lipid peroxidation (LP) and the root growth of soybean (Glycine max (L.) Merr.). Three-day-old seedlings were cultivated in nutrient solution containing p-CA or p-HD (0.1 to 1 mM) for 48 h. After uptake, both compounds (at 0.5 and 1 mM) decreased root length (RL), fresh weight (FW) and dry weight (DW) while increased soluble POD activity, cell wall (CW)-bound POD activity (with 1 mM p-CA and 0.5 mM p-HD) and LP.

scholarly journals Effects of nanoparticles zinc oxide and nano cobalt on the germination of soybean (Glycine max (L.) Merr)

2018 ◽  
Vol 16 (3) ◽  
pp. 501-508
Author(s):  
Pham Thi Hoe ◽  
Tran My Linh ◽  
Nguyen Tuong Van ◽  
Ngo Quoc Buu ◽  
Nguyen Chi Mai ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Zinc Oxide ◽  
Glycine Max ◽  
Root Growth ◽  
Metal Nanoparticles ◽  
Germination Rate ◽  
Agricultural Practice ◽  
Primary Roots ◽  
Genes Encoding ◽  
Glycine Max L ◽  
Co Nanoparticles

Nowaday, nanotechnology and nanomaterials have been applied widely as stimulars and micronutrions in agricultural production to increase productivity and quality of important crops. In order to promote the efficiency and stable use of nano metal products for such purpose in Vietnam, several studies have focused on evaluating new metal nanoparticles in different plant species. In this study, the effects of zinc oxide (ZnO) and cobalt (Co) nanoparticles on germination of soybean (Glycine max (L.) Merr), an important crop in Vietnam, were assessed through germination rate, root growth and the expression of important genes. The results showed that DT26 soybean seeds treated with metal nanoparticles at extremely low concentrations accelerated the germination rate and enhanced root growth, however did not affect morphogenesis. Nanoparticles of ZnO of 50 mg/L and Co of 0.05 mg/L provided the highest effect on both germination and root growth. Expression analysis of genes encoding key enzymes in germination processs of soybean such as: Aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid synthase 2 (ACS2), Lypoxygenase 3 (LOX9-03), Lypoxygenase 7 (LOX9-07), Amylase 8 (AMY8), Saccharogen amylase (AMYS), Alpha-glucan dikinase (α-GLU), Urease 2 (URE02), Urease 14 (URE14) indicated that the expression of most studied genes were increased significantly in primary roots of nano treated seeds compared to the control. The obtained results can be a scientific evident to support the application of nano products in agricultural practice.

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