Bacterial degradation of nitrilotriacetic acid (NTA)

1971 ◽  
Vol 17 (12) ◽  
pp. 1553-1556 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. D. Focht ◽  
H. A. Joseph
Keyword(s):  
Nitrilotriacetic Acid ◽  
Cell Suspensions ◽  
Bacterial Degradation ◽  
Nitroso Compounds ◽  
Sewage Effluent ◽  
Pseudomonas Sp ◽  
Total Conversion ◽  
Washed Cell ◽  
Resting Cell ◽  
Lag Period

Pseudomonas sp. was isolated from sewage effluent by elective culture with nitrilotriacetic acid (NTA) as its sole nitrogen and carbon source for growth. NTA-nitrogen was converted to biomass and ammonium by growing cultures with small quantities of nitrite (< 1 ppm) being produced. Washed cell suspensions degraded all of the NTA-nitrogen to ammonium before total conversion of the NTA-carbon to carbon dioxide and water. Resting cell suspensions grown from NTA oxidized NTA, aminodiacetic acid, and glycine immediately, whereas methylaminodiacetic acid was oxidized only after an adaptive lag period, and sarcosine was not oxidized at all. Oxidation of aminodiacetic acid was always more rapid than NTA. Nitrosamines or other nitroso compounds were not found in culture or resting cell supernatants incubated with NTA.

Degradation of 3-phenylbutyric acid by Pseudomonas sp

1982 ◽  
Vol 152 (1) ◽  
pp. 411-421
Author(s):  
F S Sariaslani ◽  
J L Sudmeier ◽  
D D Focht
Keyword(s):  
Exponential Growth ◽  
Dienoic Acid ◽  
Cell Suspensions ◽  
Side Chain ◽  
Pseudomonas Sp ◽  
Initial Oxidation ◽  
Washed Cell ◽  
Pseudomonas Acidovorans ◽  
Axenic Cultures ◽  
Phenylbutyric Acid

Pseudomonas sp. isolated by selective culture with 3-phenylbutyrate (3-PB) as the sole carbon source metabolized the compound through two different pathways by initial oxidation of the benzene ring and by initial oxidation of the side chain. During early exponential growth, a catechol substance identified as 3-(2,3-dihydroxyphenyl)butyrate (2,3-DHPB) and its meta-cleavage product 2-hydroxy-7-methyl-6-oxononadioic-2,4-dienoic acid were produced. These products disappeared during late exponential growth, and considerable amounts of 2,3-DHPB reacted to form brownish polymeric substances. The catechol intermediate 2,3-DHPB could not be isolated, but cell-free extracts were able only to oxidize 3-(2,3-dihydroxyphenyl)propionate of all dihydroxy aromatic acids tested. Moreover, a reaction product caused by dehydration of 2,3-DHPB on silica gel was isolated and identified by spectral analysis as (--)-8-hydroxy-4-methyl-3,4-dihydrocoumarin. 3-Phenylpropionate and a hydroxycinnamate were found in supernatants of cultures grown on 3-PB; phenylacetate and benzoate were found in supernatants of cultures grown on 3-phenylpropionate; and phenylacetate was found in cultures grown on cinnamate. Cells grown on 3-PB rapidly oxidized 3-phenylpropionate, cinnamate, catechol, and 3-(2,3-dihydroxyphenyl)propionate, whereas 2-phenylpropionate, 2,3-dihydroxycinnamate, benzoate, phenylacetate, and salicylate were oxidized at much slower rates. Phenylsuccinate was not utilized for growth nor was it oxidized by washed cell suspensions grown on 3-PB. However, dual axenic cultures of Pseudomonas acidovorans and Klebsiella pneumoniae, which could not grow on phenylsuccinate alone, could grow syntrophically and produced the same metabolites found during catabolism of 3-PB by Pseudomonas sp. Washed cell suspensions of dual axenic cultures also immediately oxidized phenylsuccinate, 3-phenylpropionate, cinnamate, phenylacetate, and benzoate.

Products of anaerobic phloroglucinol degradation by Coprococcus sp. Pe15

1976 ◽  
Vol 22 (2) ◽  
pp. 159-164 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chii-Guary Tsai ◽  
Diane M. Gates ◽  
W. M. Ingledew ◽  
G. A. Jones
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Acetic Acid ◽  
Rumen Fluid ◽  
Cell Suspensions ◽  
Anaerobic Conditions ◽  
Fluid Medium ◽  
Resting Cell ◽  
Flavonoid Compounds

Under anaerobic conditions, resting cell suspensions of Coprococcus sp. Pe15 degraded 1 molecule of phloroglucinol to 2 molecules of acetic acid and 2 molecules of carbon dioxide. The organism metabolized the flavonoids rhamnetin and quercetin anaerobically in 20% rumen fluid medium but failed to grow under similar conditions at the expense of any of 39 other aromatic or flavonoid compounds tested.

scholarly journals Microbially Mediated Biodegradation of Hexahydro-1,3,5-Trinitro-1,3,5- Triazine by Extracellular Electron Shuttling Compounds

2006 ◽  
Vol 72 (9) ◽  
pp. 5933-5941 ◽  
Author(s):  
Man Jae Kwon ◽  
Kevin T. Finneran
Keyword(s):  
Humic Substances ◽  
Electron Donor ◽  
Cell Suspensions ◽  
Electron Shuttle ◽  
Geobacter Metallireducens ◽  
Electron Shuttling ◽  
Resting Cell ◽  
Molar Basis ◽  
Novel Approach

ABSTRACT The potential for humic substances to stimulate the reduction of hexahydro-1,3,5-trinitro-1,3,5-triazine (RDX) was investigated. This study describes a novel approach for the remediation of RDX-contaminated environments using microbially mediated electron shuttling. Incubations without cells demonstrated that reduced AQDS transfers electrons directly to RDX, which was reduced without significant accumulation of the nitroso intermediates. Three times as much reduced AQDS (molar basis) was needed to completely reduce RDX. The rate and extent of RDX reduction differed greatly among electron shuttle/acceptor amendments for resting cell suspensions of Geobacter metallireducens and G. sulfurreducens with acetate as the sole electron donor. AQDS and purified humic substances stimulated the fastest rate of RDX reduction. The nitroso metabolites did not significantly accumulate in the presence of AQDS or humic substances. RDX reduction in the presence of poorly crystalline Fe(III) was relatively slow and metabolites transiently accumulated. However, adding humic substances or AQDS to Fe(III)-containing incubations increased the reduction rates. Cells of G. metallireducens alone reduced RDX; however, the rate of RDX reduction was slow relative to AQDS-amended incubations. These data suggest that extracellular electron shuttle-mediated RDX transformation is not organism specific but rather is catalyzed by multiple Fe(III)- and humic-reducing species. Electron shuttle-mediated RDX reduction may eventually become a rapid and effective cleanup strategy in both Fe(III)-rich and Fe(III)-poor environments.

scholarly journals The synthesis of indole by washed cell suspensions of Escherichia coli

1956 ◽  
Vol 64 (1) ◽  
pp. 132-137 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. Gibson ◽  
Marjorie J. Jones ◽  
H. Teltscher
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Cell Suspensions ◽  
Washed Cell

scholarly journals Effect of Linoleic Acid Concentration on Conjugated Linoleic Acid Production by Butyrivibrio fibrisolvensA38

2000 ◽  
Vol 66 (12) ◽  
pp. 5226-5230 ◽  
Author(s):  
Young Jun Kim ◽  
Rui Hai Liu ◽  
Daniel R. Bond ◽  
James B. Russell
Keyword(s):  
Linoleic Acid ◽  
Conjugated Linoleic Acid ◽  
Cell Density ◽  
Cell Suspensions ◽  
Bacterial Inactivation ◽  
Butyrivibrio Fibrisolvens ◽  
Washed Cell ◽  
Initial Cell ◽  
Normal Enzyme ◽  
Linoleic Acid Concentration

ABSTRACT Butyrivibrio fibrisolvens A38 inocula were inhibited by as little as 15 μM linoleic acid (LA), but growing cultures tolerated 10-fold more LA before growth was inhibited. Growing cultures did not produce significant amounts of cis-9, trans-11 conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) until the LA concentration was high enough to inhibit biohydrogenation, growth was inhibited, and lysis was enhanced. Washed-cell suspensions that were incubated anaerobically with 350 μM LA converted most of the LA to hydrogenated products, and little CLA was detected. When the washed-cell suspensions were incubated aerobically, biohydrogenation was inhibited, CLA production was at least twofold greater, and CLA persisted. The LA isomerase reaction was very rapid, but the LA isomerase did not recycle like a normal enzyme to catalyze more substrate. Cells that were preincubated with CLA lost their ability to produce more CLA from LA, and the CLA accumulation was directly proportional (r 2= 0.98) to the initial cell density. Growing cells were as sensitive to CLA as LA, the LA isomerase and reductases of biohydrogenation were linked, and free CLA was not released. Because growing cultures ofB. fibrisolvens A38 did not produce significant amounts of CLA until the LA concentration was high, biohydrogenation was arrested, and the cell density had declined, the flow of CLA from the rumen may be due to LA-dependent bacterial inactivation, death, or lysis.

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